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Nanobody-as versatile tool emerging in autoimmune diseases

Smart materials in Medicine 2024年第4期5卷 501-513页

作者： Wang, Ling Luo, Ran Zhang, Weilang Jiang, Hanyu Yu, Yongkang Zhou, Wenhu Zhang, Fan Ma, Jian Mei, Lin Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University Changsha410013 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College Tianjin300192 China Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Guangzhou510317 China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations School of Pharmaceutical Science Changsha Medical University Changsha410219 China Department of Immunology Harbin Medical University Harbin150080 China

Nanobody (Nb) is derived from the variable domain of heavy-chain antibody (HCAb), naturally displaying notable properties like nano-scale size, exceptional stability, high specificity, low immunogenicity, and cryptic epitope accessibility. These features contribute to its great therapeutic potential as a valuable research tool across diverse diseases, especially autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Caplacizumab (Cablivi®) is the first nanobody drug approved for treating acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP). This review summarizes the biomolecular structure, usage of Nb as a foundation of recombinant constructs, and biochemical properties of nanobodies. As attractive therapeutic candidates, many clinical trials of Nbs have been conducted, elucidating potential therapeutic strategies for AIDs. Therefore, the preclinical development and application of Nbs in AIDs are emphasized throughout this review. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Nanoclay

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Assessment of Simple Adhesive Substrates for Quantifying Microplastics

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Rieland, Julie M. Hu, Zeyuan Deese, Julian S. Love, Brian J. The University of Michigan United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Graduate Program

Microplastics are a growing environmental concern, with a large body of evidence documenting substantial distribution of plastic material in virtually all environmental compartments. Countermeasures that help to bind, aggregate, or coalesce these distributed particles might result in lower human and animal exposures. Pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have been identified as a viable microplastic (MP) capture mechanism with a range of potential use conditions. As with any countermeasure, there is a need to evaluate potential solutions in terms of collection efficiency, cost, ease of installation, etc. Expanding on our previous work, spray-coated PSAs were investigated as submerged surfaces as tools to assess MP binding in aqueous dispersions. Resins containing two differing molecular weights of poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) PSA (92k and 950k), and a 50:50 by weight mixture of the two resins were applied as spray-coated substrates to compare the effect of resin composition on MP-adhesive binding. Thin films of PSA (92k 6 ± 1 μm, 950k 4 ± 2 μm, 50:50 BD 6.5 ± 1 μm) were sprayed on borosilicate glass slides using a commercial air brush. Polydisperse nylon-12 particles varying in size from 15-30 µm in diameter were dispersed in deionized water at concentrations between 0.01 and 5 mg mL -1 and agitated under ambient conditions to assess adhesive binding as quantitative comparisons of microparticle capture. Mixed assays were also performed comparing binding of common MP species including polyethylene (50, 200 µm), polystyrene (10 µm), and polyester fibers (1000 µm) to understand how varying composition, size, and form factor affect adsorption. The glass slide method showed increasing linear trends of particle binding with increased adhesive exposure time and MP concentration. The lower molecular weight 92K adhesive had lower viscosity, higher wettability for microplastics but also led to a less stable adhesive film complicating analysis. As a field-deployable scheme for mi

关键词： Aggregates

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engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole interactions using a nanophotonic environment

Engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole inter...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Boddeti, Ashwin K. Wang, Yi Juarez, Xitlali Boltasseva, Alexandra Alaeian, Hadiseh Odom, Teri W. Jacob, Zubin Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

We experimentally demonstrate reduced dimensionality in a interacting ensemble of emitters. The well-known stretched exponential decay dynamics, (Equation presented) with β = 0.5 in 3D geometries, is strikingly modified in a nanophotonic environment that supports long-range interaction to β ~ 0.3. © Optica Publishing Group 2023.

关键词： Nanophotonics

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Design of sonochemical assisted synthesis of Zr-MOF/g-C3N4-modified electrode for ultrasensitive detection of antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine from biological samples

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Microchimica Acta 2024年第4期191卷 1-17页

作者： Ashkar, M.A. Kutti Rani, S. Vasimalai, N. Kuo, Chih-Yu Yusuf, Kareem Govindasamy, Mani Department of Chemistry B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai600 048 India Department of Chemical Engineering & amp Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Research and Innovation Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai6021055 India Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan

The rapid fabrication is described of binary electrocatalyst based on a highly porous metal–organic framework with zirconium metal core (Zr-MOF) decorated over the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets via facile ultrasonication method. It is used for the robust determination of antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine (CLP) from environmental samples. The electrochemical behaviour of 2D Zr-MOF@g-C3N4 was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies. The crystalline and porous nature of the composite was characterized by XRD and SEM analysis. The functional groups and surface characteristics were investigated by FT-IR, Raman and XPS. The major electrochemical properties of the Zr-MOF@g-C3N4 composite towards CLP detection were analyzed by CV, chronocoulometric (CC), chronoamperometric (CA) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The composite exhibits a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.45 nM with a linear range of 0.02 to 2.99 µM and attractive sensitivity for CLP. The sensor system shows higher selectivity towards the possible interferences of CLP drug and exhibits better repeatability and stability. Finally, the fabricated sensor system shows a high recovery range varying from 96.2 to 98.9% towards the real samples. The proposed electrochemical probe might be a promising alternative to the prevailing diagnostic tools for the detection of CLP. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Electronically Conducting Titania Single Crystals Prepared by Flash Exhibit Memristor Switching

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Jo, Seohyeon Raj, Rishi Materials Science Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States

We report memristor behavior in bar shaped single crystals of titania that have been "formed" into electronic conductors. The cycling experiments are carried out with forward and reverse current, rather than voltage;the current experiments are more reproducible. The single crystals permit in-situ measurements of interface as well as the end-to-end resistivities by the four-point method. The total specimen resistance is shown to be nearly equal to the sum of the interface resistances at the positive and negative electrodes referenced at the forming step. The memristor effect arises predominantly from the change in the interfacial resistance at the positive electrode which shows local ratio of high/low resistance of x103. The resistance at the opposite interface remains unchanged. The effect at the positive electrode is attributed to a change in the state of exciton-like electron-hole configurations under the local field induced by the current. The memristor effect is sensitive to crystal-orientation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Memristors

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Magnetoelastic coupling driven magnon gap in a honeycomb antiferromagnet

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Physical Review B 2024年第10期110卷 104419页

作者： Jeongheon Choe Andrey Baydin Gaihua Ye Bowen Ma Cynthia Nnokwe Martin Rodriguez-Vega David Lujan Swati Chaudhary Fuyang Tay Jiaming He Hiroyuki Nojiri Jianshi Zhou Gregory A. Fiete Junichiro Kono Rui He Xiaoqin Li Department of Physics Center of Complex Quantum Systems Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Smalley–Curl Institute Department of Physics Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Materials Research Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering

Cobalt titanate, CoTiO3, is a honeycomb antiferromagnet recently confirmed experimentally to host Dirac magnons, topological spin-orbit excitons, and chiral phonons. Here, we investigate a magnon gap at the zone center which calls for a refined spin Hamiltonian. We propose a microscopic model for the magnon gap and attribute it to a lattice-distortion (phonon)-induced higher-order spin interaction. Strong magnetoelastic coupling in CoTiO3 is also evident in Raman spectra, in which the magnetic order exerts a stronger influence on phonons corresponding to in-plane ionic motions than those with out-of-plane motions. We further examine the evolution of the zone-center magnons in a high magnetic field up to 18.5 T via THz absorption spectroscopy measurements. Based on this field dependence, we propose a spin Hamiltonian that not only agrees with magnon dispersion measured by inelastic neutron scattering but also includes fewer exchange constants and a realistic anisotropy term. Our work highlights the broad implications of magnetoelastic coupling in the study of topologically protected bosonic excitations.

关键词： Magnetism Magnons Topological materials Raman spectroscopy Terahertz spectroscopy

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TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2022年第12期4卷 242-243页

作者： Huang, Chao Chu, Paul K. Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China

Generation of H2 and O2 by electrochemical water splitting is a sustainable strategy for a greener society. Recently, attention has been paid to designing 3D porous electrodes using Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and C foam materials as substrates to obtain larger current densities (>500 mA cm−2) for industrial applications. However, oversimplification of the experimental and quantitative processes for foam electrodes has made it difficult to fully understand the electrocatalytic nature and develop the proper catalysts. Hence, an objective evaluation of the electrocatalytic activity is necessary and problems associated with foam materials must be better understood, including the impact of the surface area, current density normalization, electrode thickness, electrocatalytic mass, active materials, and electrochemical measurements.

关键词： water splitting benchmarked electrocatalysts foam electrodes electrocatalytic activity

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Dynamic compliance penis enlargement patch

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Bioactive materials 2024年第12期42卷 194-206页

作者： Rui Zheng Wenwen Zhong Muyuan Chai Xuetao Shi National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006PR China School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640PR China Department of Urology The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510655PR China Dongguan Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine The Tenth Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityDongguan523000PR China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006PR China

Men are particularly sensitive to penis size,especially those with a deformed or injured *** can lead to a strong desire for penis enlargement *** the ethical sensitivities of the penis,penile implants need to be developed with both efficacy and *** this study,a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)patch for penile enlargement prepared via cyclic freeze‒thaw cycles and alkaline *** PVA hydrogels treated with 5 M NaOH had the best mechanical properties and stability.A negative Poisson’s ratio structure is incorporated into the design of the enlargement patch,which allows it to conform well to the deformation of the *** rabbit models,the enlarged patches can effectively enlarge the penis without degradation or fibrosis while maintaining long-term stability in *** innovation not only provides a safe option for patients in need of penile enlargement but also promises to make a broader contribution to the field of dynamic tissue repair.

关键词： Polyvinyl alcohol Hydrogel Negative Poisson’s ratio Crystallization enhancement Penis enlargement

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Synthesis and characterization of chicken feather derived rachis fiber-bamboo particulate hybrid reinforced epoxy composites for sustainable structural applications

Journal of Responsible Production and Consumption

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Journal of Responsible Production and Consumption 2024年第1期1卷 1-17页

作者： Isiaka Oluwole Oladele Omoye Oseyomon Odemilin Samson Oluwagbenga Adelani Anuoluwapo Samuel Taiwo Olajesu Favor Olanrewaju Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria and Department of Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado USA Department of School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing School of Aerospace Transport and Manufacturing Cranfield University Cranfield UK Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA

Purpose This paper aims to reduce waste management and generate wealth by investigating the novelty of combining chicken feather fiber and bamboo particles to produce hybrid biocomposites. This is part of responsible production and sustainability techniques for sustainable development goals. This study aims to broaden animal and plant fiber utilization in the sustainable production of epoxy resins for engineering applications. Design/methodology/approach This research used two reinforcing materials [chicken feather fiber (CFF) and bamboo particles (BP)] to reinforce epoxy resin. The BPs were kept constant at 6 Wt.%, while the CFF was varied within 3–15 Wt.% in the composites to make CFF-BP polymer-reinforced composite (CFF-BP PRC). The mechanical experiment showed a 21% reduction in densities, making the CFF-BP PRC an excellent choice for lightweight applications. Findings It was discovered that fabricated composites with 10 mm CFF length had improved properties compared with the 15 mm CFF length and pristine samples, which confirmed that short fibers are better at enhancing randomly dispersed fibers in the epoxy matrix. However, the ballistic properties of both samples matched. There is a 40% increase in tensile strength and a 54% increase in flexural strength of the CFF-BP PRC compared to the pristine sample. Originality/value According to the literature review, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is a novel study of chicken fiber and bamboo particles in reinforcing epoxy composite.

关键词： Green composite Sustainability Rachis fiber Bamboo particles Clean environment

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FEM simulation optimization and slab method on rotating extrusion of thin-walled round tube under constant shear friction 8

FEM simulation optimization and slab method on rotating extr...

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8th International Conference of Precision Machinery and Manufacturing Technology, ICPMMT 2023

作者： Chang, K.H. Huang, B.C. Teng, H.Y. Tzou, G.Y. Department of Mold and Die Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Sanmin Kaohsiung City807618 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Cheng Shiu University Niaosong Kaohsiung83347 Taiwan School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong Northfields Ave. WollongongNSW2522 Australia

This research considering constant shear friction is to explore the rotating extrusion of thin-walled round tube based on FEM simulation and slab method, and compares the results of both models to realize the variations and acceptance. The effective stress, the effective strain, the velocity field, the average thickness, the extrusion force, and the extrusion torque can be obtained from this study. It reveals the average thickness obtained from rotating extrusion is more uniform than that obtained from no rotating extrusion. The FEM optimization for extrusion force can be combined with Taguchi method, the L934 orthogonal table considers the four control factors which are outer diameter to thickness ratio, frictional factor, rotating angular velocity, half die angle, and three levels. The ranking of influence factors and the optimization combination can be obtained from FEM simulation optimization. Eventually the extrusion force between FEM simulation and slab method is compared under rotating angular velocity, 0.2 rad/s, the maximum error is 10.49 % and the minimum error is -0.29%;the average error is 4.16%, so the trend is in good agreement each other. Therefore, the both models can be verified. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Extrusion

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