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52nd IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2024

作者： Sheriff, Hafiz K. M. Li, Yongxi Saad, Sammy Forrest, Stephen R. Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464260

The commercial future of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) relies on their efficiency and reliability. Recent progress in the field has ensured the achievement of device efficiency comparable to those of commercial silicon-based photovoltaics (Si-PVs) [1]. In pursuit of reliable devices, recent works have demonstrated the intrinsic stability of both small-molecule, vacuum deposited [2] and non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) - polymer-based devices [3] under controlled laboratory conditions. The final step for outdoor deployment is therefore a demonstration of the reliability of large area OPV modules in the field, subjected to fluctuating environmental conditions such as humidity, temperature, rainfall, snow, and solar intensity. In this work, we develop a customized test facility intended for the study of the reliability of large area OPV modules deployed in outdoor environments. The facility is designed for automated in-situ measurements calibrated to 1 sun solar intensity, AM 1.5 G illumination. Initial data show the modules retain more than 95% of their initial performance for 150 h when exposed to varying solar intensities, temperature fluctuations of -2°C to 10°C, and relative humidity as high as 90%. The only significant extrinsic challenge to device stability observed was the ingress of water into the package. This is mitigated by improved packaging which utilizes polyisobutylene (PIB) encapsulation and a customized insulated glass unit (IGU). © 2024 IEEE.

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Towards a Healthy AI Tradition: Lessons from Biology and biomedical science

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kasif, Simon Department of Biomedical Engineering Bioinformatics Graduate Program Department of Computer Science Boston University United States Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv University

AI is a magnificent field that directly and profoundly touches on numerous disciplines ranging from philosophy, computer science, engineering, mathematics, decision and data science and economics, to cognitive science, neuroscience and more. The number of applications and impact of AI is second to none and the potential of AI to broadly impact future science developments is particularly thrilling. While attempts to understand knowledge, reasoning, cognition and learning go back centuries, AI remains a relatively new field. In part due to the fact it has so many wide-ranging overlaps with other disparate fields it appears to have trouble developing a robust identity and culture. Here we suggest that contrasting the fast-moving AI culture to biological and biomedical sciences is both insightful and useful way to inaugurate a healthy tradition needed to envision and manage our ascent to AGI and beyond (independent of the AI Platforms used). After all, the human brain is a biological organ produced by evolution and human intelligence is a remarkable bi-product of nature and nurture and their complex interaction. In this perspective, we focus on traditions and culture, namely the commonly observed practices of evaluating, recognizing applauding, critiquing, debating and managing all progress including useful advances and discovery of challenging limitations. We are not discussing specific scientific exchanges between AI and Biology that include interdisciplinary cross fertilization of scientific methods, technology, ideas and applications that have been amply demonstrated and will continue to be transformative in the future. In a previous perspective, we suggested that biomedical laboratories or centers can usefully embrace logistic traditions in AI labs that will allow them to be highly collaborative, improve the reproducibility of research, reduce risk aversion and produce faster mentorship pathways for PhDs and fellows. This perspective focuses on the benefits of AI a

关键词： Biological organs

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Ultrafast, High-Intensity Laser Material Interaction in Polycrystalline Alumina Transparent Ceramics

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Chong, Poh Yin Wu, Xingzhong Castillo, Gabriel R. Garay, Javier E. Laboratory Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

High-intensity pulsed laser-material interaction is a complicated process involving various laser parameters and material properties, and the coupling of these factors affects material modifications. This study investigates the laser-material interactions of single-crystal alumina (SCA) and transparent polycrystalline alumina (PCA). To understand the underlying mechanism of laser-induced modifications, single-shot irradiations are conducted using an ultrafast laser (λ = 1030 nm, τρ = 490 fs). This experiment focuses on the high-intensity regime from 1012 W/cm2 to 1015 W/cm2, generating high temperatures and pressure causing modifications (melting, ablation, and fracture). While SCA and PCA are fundamentally Al2O3, the difference in microstructure alters the optical and mechanical properties. The ablation depth shows a sublinear power law relationship with laser intensity for both materials although the energy dependence is lower for PCA. The differences can be attributed to different damage mechanisms;the laser-induced craters in SCA exhibit predominantly melting whereas PCA demonstrates fracture-like morphologies. The fracture in PCA is surprising given its higher indent-produced fracture resistance. The differences in fracture behavior can be reconciled considering the much higher pressure application rates produced by laser pulsing. PCA has a lower laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) than SCA. Laser-induced crater area and volume increase linearly with laser fluence and peak intensity. Altering the focusing conditions can change the LIDT and expand the laser processing window. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Single crystals

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Skin-interfaced wireless biosensors for perinatal and paediatric health (vol 1, 681, 2023)

NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING

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NATURE REVIEWS BIOengineering 2023年第9期1卷 681-681页

作者： Kim, Joohee Yoo, Seonggwang Liu, Claire Kwak, Sung Soo Walter, Jessica R. Xu, Shuai Rogers, John A. Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Bionics Research Center Biomedical Research Division Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Sibel Health Chicago IL USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Neurological Surgery Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA

Continuous monitoring of the parameters that define physiological health status is an essential aspect of modern care for critically ill patients, particularly for vulnerable populations. Current hospital-grade systems for such purposes involve sensors taped to the skin, with hard-wired connections to large, expensive data-acquisition and display systems. Soft, wireless, skin-interfaced alternatives reduce associated burdens on the patients, simplify operations in clinical care, minimize risks of adhesive-induced skin injuries and reduce the costs of monitoring, as recently demonstrated in devices designed for maternal, foetal and paediatric health. The implications extend beyond hospital and home settings in well resourced areas of the globe to remote clinics in low and middle-income countries. This Review summarizes the latest progress in this research area, with an emphasis on the growing range of options in device configurations and form factors, sensor modalities and operational features. Examples of technologies capable of monitoring all key vital signs as well as various unconventional metrics of health status highlight the transition from academic prototypes to manufactured systems and scaled deployments.

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Donor strategy for promoting nonradiative decay to achieve an efficient photothermal therapy for treating cancer

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science China Chemistry 2021年第9期64卷 1530-1539页

作者： Fei Ren Zeshun Li Kai Li Xiaoyan Zheng Jianbing Shi Chen Zhang Heng Guo Bin Tong Lei Xi Zhengxu Cai Yuping Dong Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen518055China Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Photothermal therapy(PTT)is emerging as an effective treatment for superficial carcinoma.A key challenge to the effectiveness of PTT is to develop photosensitizers with high photothermal conversion *** to address this challenge,we develop a series of multi-arylpyrrole derivatives with different donors that contain different multi-rotor structures to explore highly efficient PTT *** these multi-arylpyrrole derivatives,MAP4-FE nanoparticles with a small size of their donor groups and better-donating ability exhibit a high photothermal conversion efficiency(up to 72%)when they are encapsulated by an amphiphilic *** a result,the MAP4-FE nanoparticles have shown satisfactory PTTeffects on in vivo tumor eradication under the guidance of photoacoustic *** findings of this study provide significant insights for the development of high-efficiency PTT photosensitizers for cancer treatment by making full use of the nonradiative decay of small size donors as rotors.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission multi-arylpyrroles photothermal therapy photoacoustic imaging

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Heart Failure: Machine Learning Prediction Within a 5-Year Framework 24

Heart Failure: Machine Learning Prediction Within a 5-Year F...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE 2024

作者： Tsarapatsani, Konstantina-Helen Tsakanikas, Vasilios D. Sakellarios, Antonis Trampisch, Hans J. Karapintzou, Efterpi Rudolf, Henrik Matsopoulos, George K. Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Biomedical Research Institute Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Ioannina Greece Ruhr University Bochum Department of Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology Bochum Germany University of Ioannina Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Greece Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research University Medical Center Rostock Germany School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece University of Ioannina and Biomedical Research Institute-FORTH Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Ioannina Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518622

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome that is affected by many factors and causes. It is crucial to early recognize the disease subtypes and the unidentified clinical pathways that give rise to it. Machine learning (ML) is the tool that assist to deal with these challenges and improve the prediction of HF. In this work, the HF risk prediction was implemented by employed ML classifiers, such as Random Forest (RF), Extreme Grading Boosting (XGBoost) and Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LGBM). We utilized the data from the German epidemiological trial on ankle brachial index - getABI cohort, which includes 6,454 patients. The performance of classifiers was estimated by Accuracy (ACC), Sensitivity, Specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in mean values for each ML classifier. The results were also interpreted using the Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach, the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values. Our work reveals that LGBM classifier predict the HF risk within 5 years follow-up in general population with 68 % accuracy. Moreover, the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified as the most important feature for HF risk prediction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Risk perception

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Production of bactericidal powder suitable for laser powder bed fusion by silver nanoadditivation of polyamide 12

Production of bactericidal powder suitable for laser powder ...

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12th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies, LANE 2022

作者： Doñate-Buendia, Carlos Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis, Alexandra Hupfeld, Tim Winkel, Andreas Barcikowski, Stephan Gökce, Bilal Materials Science and Additive Manufacturing School of Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering University of Wuppertal Wuppertal42119 Germany Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science Hannover Medical School Hannover30625 Germany University of Duisburg-Essen Essen45141 Germany

Additive manufacturing technologies such as laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) offer the versatility in material design required to produce parts suitable for aeronautic and medical applications. However, the library of materials processable by L-PBF is limited, reducing the possibility of manufacturing parts with custom functionalities. To address this limitation, the incorporation of nanoparticles to base powder has been proven to widen the L-PBF-processable materials (i.e., TPU) and provide additional functionalities to materials already employed for L-PBF such as polyamide 12 (PA12). In this contribution, the bactericidal properties of Ag-nanoadditivated PA12 printed parts by L-PBF were evaluated. E. coli proliferation studies were performed with chlorhexidine or PBS as positive and negative controls, respectively, as well as adding PA12 or Ag-PA12 parts extractions to evaluate the influence on metabolic activity. The results of incubation showed that metabolic activity of E. coli was not changed compared to the PBS control when using the neat PA12 part extraction, while a reduction of approximately 90% occurred in the presence of the Ag-PA12 part extraction. These findings demonstrate the possibility of generating custom bactericidal parts by L-PBF. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles

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Overview on signal transduction cascades regulation roles of garlic and its bioactive constituents

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2353-2362页

作者： Ammad Ahmad Farooqi Iqra Mobeen Rukset Attar Khalida I.Noel Baojun Xu William C.Cho Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering(IBGE) Islamabad 44000Pakistan Khursheed Rasheed Hospital Lahore Lahore 53720Pakistan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yeditepe UniversityAtaşehir 34755Turkey Human Anatomy Department College of MedicineAl-Mustansiriyah UniversityBaghdad 10036Iraq Food Science and Technology Program Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519087China Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong G514TFChina

High-throughput technologies in combination with modern exciting advancements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics and data analysis pipelines have empowered comprehensive characterization of disease phenotypes and their mechanistic regulation by dietary agents and bioactive molecules at unprecedented dimensionality and ***-ordinary breakthroughs in the field of nutrigenomics have leveraged our understanding altogether to a new level of *** researchers have extensively analyzed health promoting and pharmacologically significant properties of garlic(Allium sativum).Importantly,garlic and its biologically active chemicals targeted oncogenic signaling *** this mini-review we have attempted to summarize how garlic and its bioactive constituents regulated signal transduction cascades in cell culture studies and tumor-bearing mice.

关键词： Cancer Nutrigenomics Signaling Apoptosis Allium sativum

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Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling and anti-osteoclastogenesis zoledronate intermixed calcium silicate metal-organic/inorganic hybrid coating on biodegradable zinc-based intramedullary nails for osteoporotic fracture healing

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Bioactive materials 2025年第2期44卷 46-67页

作者： Junyu Qian Haotian Qin En Su Jiaming Hou Hui Zeng Tianbing Wang Deli Wang Guojiang Wan Yingqi Chen Department of Bone and Joint Surgery Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhen518036PR China Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of MedicineKey Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of MaterialsMinistry of EducationSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031PR China Trauma Medicine Center Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing100044PR China

Osteoporotic(OP)fractures remain a tough clinical challenge owing to their impaired healing outcome,which requires novel biomaterials with osteogenicity for effective *** zinc(Zn)is attracting increasing attention for biodegradable intramedullary nails(IMNs)for OP fracture healing thanks to their comprehensive mechanical properties,biosafety,and ***,the multiple biofunctions required for OP fracture healing have not been fully met by ***,a zoledronate(ZA)-mediated calcium-zinc silicate(Ca(Zn)Si)metal-organic/inorganic hybrid coating was fabricated on Zn-based IMN by coordination chemistry driven via interactions between ZA and Ca^(2+)/Zn^(2+)as well as in-situ directional growth of Ca(Zn)Si *** ZA&Ca(Zn)Si hybrid coating exhibited a homogeneous micro/nanostructure with a granular morphology,which prevented premature fracture failure of IMN in rat femur by ameliorating corrosion mode and decreasing degradation rate of the Zn *** importantly,this hybrid coating enabled sustained release of Zn^(2+)/Ca^(2+)/Si4+and ZA in the long term,achieving a remarkable effect on vascularized bone *** coated IMN enhanced angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling through autocrine and paracrine effects between endothelial cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem *** was repressed by Zn^(2+)and *** approach offers a new strategy for surface-engineering of biodegradable metals for bone fracture healing.

关键词： Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling Anti-osteoclastogenesis Biodegradable zinc Metal-organic/inorganic hybrid coating Intramedullary nail

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Characterizing catalyst function and transformations in the plasma reduction of CO₂ on atomic layer deposition-synthesized catalysts

RSC Applied Interfaces

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RSC Applied Interfaces 2024年第3期1卷 552-563页

作者： Conlin, Samuel K. Mehrabi, Hamed Parette, David N. Nichols, Eva M. Coridan, Robert H. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas Fayetteville 72701 AR United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville 72701 AR United States Department of Chemistry University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z1 BC Canada

The enhancement of CO2 reduction in atmospheric-pressure, non-thermal plasma has been shown using a variety of catalyst systems with ranging composition, particle sizes, and morphologies. Improvements in CO2 conversio...

The enhancement of CO₂ reduction in atmospheric-pressure, non-thermal plasma has been shown using a variety of catalyst systems with ranging composition, particle sizes, and morphologies. Improvements in CO₂ conversion can be attained by choice of catalyst material. However, inhomogeneity in the material distribution arising from the synthesis affects the catalytically active surface area and dielectric environment that modulates the plasma properties near the catalyst. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) can be used to control the composition of ultra-thin layers on support materials. We used ALD to synthesize metal oxide catalyst coatings on high surface area supports. We found that TiO₂ achieved significantly higher yields of CO₂ conversion (to CO and O₂) at low reactor power compared to ZnO or Al₂O₃, materials commonly used as a support for other catalysts. We also observed an unexpected increase in the catalytic activity on ZnO with increasing power. The results here suggest that ALD can unambiguously isolate the catalytic effects of materials in plasma reactors. © 2024 RSC.

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