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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Xiao Wu, Shaoxuan Zhang, Peilin Jin, Zhuo Xiong, Xiaosong Bu, Qirong Chen, Jingkun Feng, Jun School of Information Science and Technology Northwest University Xi’an China School of Biomedical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom

Creating fully annotated labels for medical image segmentation is prohibitively time-intensive and costly, emphasizing the necessity for innovative approaches that minimize reliance on detailed annotations. Scribble annotations offer a more cost-effective alternative, significantly reducing the expenses associated with full annotations. However, scribble annotations offer limited and imprecise information, failing to capture the detailed structural and boundary characteristics necessary for accurate organ delineation. To address these challenges, we propose HELPNet, a novel scribble-based weakly supervised segmentation framework, designed to bridge the gap between annotation efficiency and segmentation performance. HELPNet integrates three modules. The Hierarchical perturbations consistency (HPC) module enhances feature learning by employing density-controlled jigsaw perturbations across global, local, and focal views, enabling robust modeling of multi-scale structural representations. Building on this, the Entropy-guided pseudo-label (EGPL) module evaluates the confidence of segmentation predictions using entropy, generating high-quality pseudo-labels. Finally, the structural prior refinement (SPR) module incorporates connectivity and bounded priors to enhance the precision and reliability and pseudo-labels. Experimental results on three public datasets ACDC, MSCMRseg, and CHAOS show that HELPNet significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods for scribble-based weakly supervised segmentation and achieves performance comparable to fully supervised methods. The code is available at https://***/IPMI-NWU/HELPNet. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Near-Field Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion: Progress and Opportunities

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第3期19卷 037002-037002页

作者： Rohith Mittapally Ayan Majumder Pramod Reddy Edgar Meyhofer Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

Direct conversion of heat to electricity via solid-state approaches is a rapidly advancing area of research owing to its prospective use in recovering waste heat and in energy storage and utilization. In particular, thermophotovoltaic (TPV) approaches that take advantage of near-field (NF) evanescent modes are receiving increased attention due to their potential for increased power output. This review examines the latest progress in theoretical and experimental explorations of near-field thermophotovoltaic (NF TPV) systems. We begin by introducing thermal radiation, its use in TPV systems, and how these systems have developed over time. Next, we describe the fundamentals of NF radiative heat transfer, as well as the operating principles and models used to evaluate NF TPV systems. We discuss theoretical studies, based on fluctuational electrodynamics, that have predicted large enhancements in radiative energy transfer and consequently large electrical power outputs in NF TPV systems. Subsequently, we summarize recent advances in the experimental exploration of NF TPV systems and describe how researchers have recently developed unique experimental platforms to explore the principles of NF TPVs and have achieved significant enhancements in power output at reasonable conversion efficiencies. Additionally, we discuss related thermoradiative and thermophotonic energy conversion systems that provide interesting new avenues for photonic energy conversion. These systems, while theoretically promising, still await experimental validation in realistic material systems. Finally, we present remarks on the future potential of NF TPV systems and opportunities for improving NF TPV performance, and discuss the challenges that must be overcome to achieve large-scale NF TPV devices.

关键词： Energy harvesting devices Heat transfer Near-field optics Optoelectronics Photonics Thermal photovoltaics III-V semiconductors Nanostructures

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Effect of seawater corrosion on the mechanical behaviour of S690 steel

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Procedia Structural Integrity 2024年 54卷 593-600页

作者： Ana Dantas Rita Dantas Gonçalo P. Cipriano Abílio de Jesus Grzegorz Lesiuk Carlos Fonseca Pedro Moreira José A.F.O. Correia University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Fria 4200-465 Porto Portugal INEGI Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Porto Portugal CONSTRUCT Department of Civil Engineering University of Porto Portugal Department of Mechanics Materials Science and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Wroclaw University of Science and Technology ul. Smoluchowskiego 25 PL-50370 Wrocław Poland

The marine environment poses significant challenges to metallic engineering structures, not only due to the exposure to wave and wind action and logistic challenges related to transport and maintenance, but also due to the constant exposure to seawater, which makes them vulnerable to corrosion. Typically, protective strategies, such as coatings, are used in marine structures, allowing the base material to retain its properties. However, these protections have limited lifespans which can lead to damage of the base material before maintenance. Structural steels with a higher mechanical strength, such as S690 steel, are object of increasing interest for offshore structures applications due to weight reduction advantages. However, its mechanical behaviour in a corrosive medium is not yet well reported in literature. Thus, this work intends to characterize a S690 steel under marine environment conditions. As such, a methodology for inducing accelerated pre-corrosion is developed and applied to quasi static tensile specimens. Its effect on the tensile mechanical properties is evaluated through testing in accordance with the ASTM E8 standard.

关键词： S690 three-electrode cell corrosion pitting

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Stem cell-derived hepatocyte therapy using versatile biomimetic nanozyme incorporated nanofiber-reinforced decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for the treatment of acute liver failure

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Bioactive materials 2023年第10期28卷 112-131页

作者： Yuanyuan Jin Jiabin Zhang Yanteng Xu Ke Yi Fenfang Li Huicong Zhou Haixia Wang Hon Fai Chan Yeh-Hsing Lao Shixian Lv Yu Tao Mingqiang Li Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine Center for NanomedicineThe Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510630China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research Guangzhou510630China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine School of Biomedical ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongChina Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY14214USA

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)-associated oxidative stress,inflammation storm,and massive hepatocyte necrosis are the typical manifestations of acute liver failure(ALF),therefore specific therapeutic interventions are essential for the devastating ***,we developed a platform consisting of versatile biomimetic copper oxide nanozymes(Cu NZs)-loaded PLGA nanofibers(Cu NZs@PLGA nanofibers)and decellularized extracellular matrix(dECM)hydrogels for delivery of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-derived hepatocyte-like cells(hADMSCs-derived HLCs)(HLCs/Cu NZs@fiber/dECM).Cu NZs@PLGA nanofibers could conspicuously scavenge excessive ROS at the early stage of ALF,and reduce the massive accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines,herein efficiently preventing the deterioration of hepatocytes ***,Cu NZs@PLGA nanofibers also exhibited a cytoprotection effect on the transplanted ***,HLCs with hepatic-specific biofunctions and anti-inflammatory activity acted as a promising alternative cell source for ALF *** dECM hydrogels further provided the desirable 3D environment and favorably improved the hepatic functions of *** addition,the pro-angiogenesis activity of Cu NZs@PLGA nanofibers also facilitated the integration of the whole implant with the host ***,HLCs/Cu NZs@fiber/dECM performed excellent synergistic therapeutic efficacy on ALF *** strategy using Cu NZs@PLGA nanofiber-reinforced dECM hydrogels for HLCs in situ delivery is a promising approach for ALF therapy and shows great potential for clinical translation.

关键词： Acute liver failure Nanozyme Hepatocyte-like cells Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells Electrospun nanofiber

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Electrical Characteristic and Power Fluctuations of GAA Si NS CFETs by Simultaneously Considering Six Process Variation Factors

IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology

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IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology 2023年 4卷 229-238页

作者： Kola, Sekhar Reddy Li, Yiming National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Biomedical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Characteristic variability induced by process variation effect (PVE) is one of technological challenges in semiconductor industry. In this work, we computationally study electrical characteristic and power fluctuations induced by six factors of PVE of the gate-all-around (GAA) silicon (Si) nanosheet (NS) complementary field-effect-transistors (CFETs) which are formed by vertically stacking n-FET on top of p-FET. Among the six factors, NS thickness (TNS), NS width (WNS), and gate length (LG) are identified as crucial factors contributing to large variations in device characteristics. The p-FET exhibits substantial off-state current fluctuation (about 151%) due to the bottom parasitic channel leakages. Compared with the magnitudes of dynamic and short circuit powers, the static power is marginal, but it possesses the largest fluctuation (up to 148%). If we assume that each factor of PVE has the same probability distribution as the others and all are mutually independent, the statistical sum of their power fluctuations will exhibit more than 50% overestimations, compared with the results when all factors are considered simultaneously. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Current status and outlook of biodegradable metals in neuroscience and their potential applications as cerebral vascular stent materials

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Bioactive materials 2022年第5期7卷 140-153页

作者： Ming Li Miaowen Jiang Yuan Gao Yufeng Zheng Zhi Liu Chen Zhou Tao Huang Xuenan Gu Ang Li Jiancheng Fang Xunming Ji School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China China-America Institute of Neuroscience Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Cardiology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China Department of Neuroscience Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA

Over the past two decades,biodegradable metals(BMs)have emerged as promising materials to fabricate temporary biomedical devices,with the purpose of avoiding potential side effects of permanent *** this review,we first surveyed the current status of BMs in neuroscience,and briefly summarized the representative stents for treating vascular ***,inspired by the convincing clinical evidence on the in vivo safety of Mg alloys as cardiovascular stents,we analyzed the possibility of producing biodegradable cerebrovascular Mg alloy stents for treating ischemic *** these novel applications,some key factors should also be considered in designing BM brain stents,including the anatomic features of the cerebral vasculature,hemodynamic influences,neuro-cytocompatibility and selection of alloying *** work may provide insights into the future design and fabrication of BM neurological devices,especially for brain stents.

关键词： Biodegradable metals Neuroscience Mg alloys Brain stents Ischemic stroke

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Upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution quantification of single small extracellular vesicles

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 262-273页

作者： Guan Huang Yongtao Liu Dejiang Wang Ying Zhu Shihui Wen Juanfang Ruan Dayong Jin Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices(IBMD) Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory(SCILab) School of Electronic and Optical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingJiangsu 210094China School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia School of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Medicine&HealthUNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia Electron Microscope Unit UNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia ARC Research Hub for Integrated Device for End‑User Analysis at Low Levels Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia UTS‑SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials and Devices Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

Although small EVs(sEVs)have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis,their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been *** is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major challenge,as their sizes are below the optical diffraction ***,we report that upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)can be used for super-resolution profiling the molecular heterogeneity of *** show that Er3+-doped UCNPs has better brightness and Tm3+-doped UCNPs resulting in better resolution beyond diffraction *** an orthogonal experimental design,the specific targeting of UCNPs to the tumour epitope on single EV has been cross validated,resulting in the Pearson’s R-value of 0.83 for large EVs and~65%co-localization double-positive spots for ***,super-resolution nanoscopy can distinguish adjacent UCNPs on single sEV with a resolution of as high as 41.9 *** decreasing the size of UCNPs from 40 to 27 nm and 18 nm,we observed that the maximum UCNPs number on single sEV increased from 3 to 9 and 21,*** work suggests the great potentials of UCNPs approach“digitally”quantify the surface antigens on single EVs,therefore providing a solution to monitor the EV heterogeneity changes along with the tumour progression progress.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles Upconversion nanoparticles Super-resolution Liquid biopsy

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Ph-Responsive Drug-Loaded Microspheres Based on a Tryptophan Derived Cationic Antimicrobial Agent

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Shi, Yufeng Li, Yingying Liu, Lijia Wang, Yudan Yuan, Xuan Zhang, Chunhong Lin, Feng-Huei Liu, Yawen Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology Ministry of Education Institute of Advanced Marine Materials College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Yantai Research Institute Harbin Engineering University Yantai264006 China Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli35053 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering

Through the esterification of tryptophan with aliphatic alcohols, a collection of tryptophan-based cationic antimicrobial compounds (Trp-Zn) was achieved. The antimicrobial efficacy of the agents was systematically assessed against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Escherichia coli, showed significant antibacterial activity. Among the agents, L-Trp-Z12 exhibited the highest antimicrobial efficacy, achieving minimal inhibitory concentrations of merely 0.30 μg/mL against S. aureus and 0.60 μg/mL against E. coli. Moreover, based on these antimicrobial agents, a pH-responsive controlled release microsphere was designed and fabricated using sodium alginate and polyether amine as critical constituents. The composition, morphology, controllable release properties, and the intricate connections among these characteristics of the microspheres were systematically investigated. Microsphere SA/T403-2, fabricated at pH 6.8 and 30 °C alongside a distinct surface topology featuring grooves and folds, achieved an encapsulation efficiency of 91.38% and a drug loading capacity of 4.02%. Moreover, the release dynamics of L-Trp-Z12-loaded microspheres (SA/T403-L-Trp-Z12) were examined in environments mimicking gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and intestinal fluid (pH 7.4). The results showed that the cumulative release rate at pH 7.4 is twice that at pH 1.2 and the microspheres were found to have potential as drug carriers for colonic targeted drug delivery. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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3D Magnetization Reconstruction for Lorentz Microscopy using Differential programming

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1756-1757页

作者： McCray, Arthur R C Cherukara, Mathew Petford-Long, Amanda K. Phatak, Charudatta Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL United States

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Optothermally Assembled Nanostructures

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Accounts of materials Research 2021年第5期2卷 352-363页

作者： Jingang Li Yuebing Zheng Materials Science&Engineering Program Texas Materials Instituteand Walker Department of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas 78712United States

CONSPECTUS:Nanofabrication is one of the core techniques in rapidly evolving nanoscience and *** top-down nanofabrication approaches such as photolithography and electron beam lithography can produce high-resolution nanostructures in a robust ***,these methods usually involve multistep processing and sophisticated instruments and have difficulty in fabricating three-dimensional complex structures of multiple materials and ***,bottom-up techniques have emerged as promising alternatives to fabricating nanostructures via the assembly of individual building *** comparison to top-down lithographical methods,bottom-up assembly features the on-demand construction of superstructures with controllable configurations at single-particle *** size,shape,and composition of chemically synthesized building blocks can also be precisely tailored down to the atomic scale to fabricate multimaterial architectural structures of high *** techniques have been reported to assemble individual nanoparticles into complex structures,such as self-assembly,DNA nanotechnology,patchy colloids,and optically controlled *** them,the optically controlled assembly has the advantages of remote control,site-specific manipulation of single components,applicability to a wide range of building blocks,and arbitrary configurations of the assembled *** this Account,we provide a concise review of our contributions to the optical assembly of architectural materials and structures using discrete nanoparticles as the building *** exploiting entropically favorable optothermal conversion and controlling optothermal−matter interactions,we have developed optothermal assembly techniques to manipulate and assemble individual *** techniques can be operated both in solution and on solid ***,we discuss the opto-thermoelectric assembly(OTA)of colloidal particles into superstructures by co

关键词： structures architectural printing

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