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2022 Advances in science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2022

作者： Alhammadi, Alya Alnaqbi, Amna Almarashda, Meera Alasad, Shamma Alashkar, Adnan Inayat, Abrar Abdelkareem, Mohammad Alami, Abdul Hai University of Sharjah Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Mechanical Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418010

In this paper, Graphene Aerogel (GA) is prepared and investigated for its potential employment for solar energy harvesting applications. GA can be applied in solar cells applications as an absorption material and as a catalyst for fuel cells. GA is characterized by its extraordinary electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, in addition to a large surface and a low density. The electrical, mechanical, thermal, and absorption characteristics of GA can be tuned depending on the manufacturing process. Hence, GA is utilized in a multitude of applications such as: supercapacitors, air purification, oil and dye absorption from water, and water waste treatment. GA is also an excellent candidate for superior electrodes. In addition, GA are environmentally friendly materials since they are 100% recyclable and do not produce any ozone-depleting compounds. In this paper, GA is synthesized, characterized, and assessed for solar energy harvesting applications with the aid of absorption and Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. Results show that GA has immense potential in solar application due to its low band gap and outstanding optical and electrochemical properties. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Wave propagation in meta-sandwich beams 16

Wave propagation in meta-sandwich beams

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Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems XVI 2022

作者： Joubaneh, Eshagh Farzaneh Ma, Jihong Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States Materials Science Program University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781510649729

ISBN: (纸本)9781510649712

Acoustoelastic metamaterials are widely used as composite cores in sandwich beams. However, discussions on the application of metamaterials in face sheets have been sporadic. In this work, we parametrically explore the dynamic behaviors of sandwich beams with metamaterials as face sheets. In addition to the capability of phonon dispersion modulation using periodic face sheets, the relative positions of top and bottom face sheets can further break their spatial symmetry and thus opens more bandgaps that are not achievable with one-dimensional periodic beams. Our study has implications for the design of sandwich beams to mitigate damages induced by vibrations in various engineering and industrial applications. © 2022 SPIE

关键词： Metamaterials

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Photonic Crystals with Split Ring Unit Cells for Subwavelength Light Confinement

Photonic Crystals with Split Ring Unit Cells for Subwaveleng...

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Arnold, Kellen P. Halimi, Sami I. Allen, Joshua A. Hu, Shuren Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

We report a split ring photonic crystal that demonstrates an order of magnitude larger peak energy density compared to traditional photonic crystals. The split ring offers highly focused optical energy in an accessibl...

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

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Photoresponse of Thermally Evaporated Copper Oxide-Based Solar Cells 1

Photoresponse of Thermally Evaporated Copper Oxide-Based Sol...

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1st Middle East and North Africa Solar Conference, MENA-SC 2023

作者： Alami, Abdul Hai Ayoub, Mohamad Alashkar, Adnan Alasad, Shamma Mdallal, Ayman Khuri, Siren Aljaghoub, Haya University of Sharjah Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Mechancial Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates University of Sharjah Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre Sharjah United Arab Emirates University of Sharjah Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491464

This study reports on the fabrication and characterization of a copper oxide (CuO)-based photoactive cell. Copper was thermally evaporated onto two substrates and post-treated using chemical and thermal treatments to obtain different semiconducting types of CuO. Absorption measurements were conducted to obtain the bandgaps of CuO, which were found to be 1.51 eV and 1.21 eV, for the chemically and thermally treated CuO, respectively. Finally, a chronoamperometry test was conducted to confirm the photoresponse of the cell, which showed a doubling of output current values under light conditions compared to dark conditions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Copper oxides

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Low-loss and high-sensitivity surface plasmon resonance sensor composed of microstructured optical fibers for wide visible-to-infrared and refractive index ranges

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Optik 2023年 295卷

作者： Luo, Xingdi Liu, Wei Lv, Jingwei Yang, Lin Liu, Qiang He, Jie Liu, Meiqi Chu, Paul K. Liu, Chao School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163318 China Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong

Objective: Optical fiber sensing technology develops rapidly and is widely used. In order to design a SPR sensor with better performance and easy production, a new type D-MOF sensor with low loss, high sensitivity and simple structure is proposed. Methods: The full vector finite element method (FEM) was used to optimize the structure parameters by using the multi-physics analysis software COMSOL, and the performance of the structure was systematically analyzed. Results: The sensor operational wavelength spans the visible and infrared range (430 nm to 7200 nm). The refractive index detection range of 1.00–1.42, the maximum wavelength sensitivity and the optimal resolution are 60,000 nm/RIU and 1.67 × 10−6 RIU−1, respectively, and the maximum limiting loss peak is 64.99 dB/cm. In addition, MOF-SPR sensors have large tolerance and low sensitivity of structural parameters in actual manufacturing. It has great application potential in biosensing and other fields. © 2023

关键词： Refractive index

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Switchable mode-locking regimes in a Tm-doped fiber laser with fixed anomalous dispersion

Switchable mode-locking regimes in a Tm-doped fiber laser wi...

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Xu, Shutao Zeng, Junjie Sander, Michelle Y. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BU Photonics Center Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston University BrooklineMA02446 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

We report a thulium-doped all-fiber mode-locked laser that can be switched between stable conventional and dissipative soliton regimes. Periodic soliton explosions with oscillatory recovery dynamics are observed in th... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Solitons

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Polymersome-mediated cytosolic delivery of cyclic dinucleotide STING agonist enhances tumor immunotherapy

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Bioactive materials 2022年第10期7卷 1-11页

作者： Huan Zheng Beibei Guo Xinyun Qiu Yifeng Xia Yan Qu Liang Cheng Fenghua Meng Zhiyuan Zhong Biomedical Polymers Laboratory College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials Scienceand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123PR China Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123PR China

Cyclic dinucleotides(CDNs)as stimulator of interferon genes(STING)agonists capable of inducing strong antitumor innate immune response are highly promising for tumor *** efficacy of these CDNs is,however,reduced greatly by their fast clearance,poor cell uptake and inefficient cytosolic ***,we report that reduction-responsive biodegradable chimaeric polymersomes(CPs)markedly enhance tumor retention and cytosolic delivery of a synthetic CDN,ADU-S100,and bolster STING pathway activation in the tumor microenvironment and tumor draining lymph nodes,giving significantly better tumor repression and survival of B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice compared with free CDN *** superiority of CPs-mediated CDN delivery is further verified in combination therapy with low-dose fractionated radiation,which brings about clearly stronger and longer-term immunotherapeutic effects and protection against tumor *** development of nano-STING agonists that are able to overcome the delivery barriers of CDNs represents an effective strategy to potentiate cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Polymersomes STING agonists Cyclic dinucleotide Immunotherapy Radiotherapy

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Insights into the Structural and Thermodynamic Instability of Ni-Rich NMC Cathode

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ACS Sustainable Chemistry and engineering 2023年第18期11卷 6978-6987页

作者： Tran, Ngoc Thanh Thuy Lin, Che-An Lin, Shih-Kang Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

The Ni-rich LiNi1-x-yMnxCoyO2 (NMC) layered oxides have been promising materials to replace the LiCoO2 commercial cathode due to their high operation voltages, low cost, and enhanced capacity. However, structural instability is the main drawback of the Ni-rich NMC system, leading to capacity fading, which prevents its commerce application. While numerous efforts have been made to comprehend and overcome this issue, there remains a lack of systematic phase stability analysis which is an essential factor to be addressed. Herein, systematic first-principles calculations were performed in this study to reveal the structural, oxidation, and phase stability of Ni-rich NMC during delithiation. This is the first report on competing phases of Ni-rich NMC at various states of charge (SoCs). The compounds with the spinel and rock salt structures formed during delithiation and oxygen evolution takes place at highly delithiation cases, which are likely the origins of capacity fading and crack formation at the surface. This work also outlined the thermodynamic foundation of doping and oxidation state gradient-based core-shell strategies for resolving the instability and enhancing the capacity retention of Ni-rich NMC layered oxides as cathode materials in Li-ion batteries. © 2023 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Cathodes

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MYTHS OF NUCLEAR GRAPHITE IN WORLD WAR II, WITH ORIGINAL TRANSLATIONS

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Patrick J. Herzele, Sebastian Koeth, Timothy W. Program on Science and Global Security Princeton University United States College of Polymer Engineering HTL Bregenz Austria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park United States

We re-examine a common narrative that experimental errors by Walther Bothe in 1941 led Germany to abandon graphite as a reactor moderator during World War II. Using document-based nuclear archaeology, we first show that both American and German scientists used an incorrect carbon scattering cross section, thereby undermining the accuracy of all wartime data, including their conclusions on carbon’s absorption. Moreover, we argue that the availability of exceptionally pure petroleum coke in the United States, rather than any academic breakthrough, decisively enabled their production of nuclear-grade graphite. In contrast, Bothe’s Siemens electrographite had more boron contamination than any graphites considered in Fermi’s experiments, rendering it genuinely impractical as a moderator. By reframing the decision to eschew graphite as a deliberate decision rather than a mere experimental oversight, we believe the German decision was a rational consequence of a complex interplay between material constraints and wartime priorities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bombing

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Dual-resonant-peak single-mode fiber surface plasmon resonance gas sensor with V-groove for methane detection

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Optik 2023年 292卷

作者： Li, Xianli Liu, Meiqi Liu, Wei Fu, Haihao Wang, Jianxin Yang, Lin Lv, Jingwei Liu, Qiang Chu, Paul K. Liu, Chao School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163318 China Department of Physics Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong

Objective: The simple structure of single-mode fibers as a sensing platform circumvents the technical bottlenecks associated with manufacturing difficulties. Meanwhile, compared to photonic crystal fibers, they have lower manufacturing costs and can achieve similar performance to other types of fibers, providing greater possibilities for mass production. The V-groove in the SMF destroys the original symmetry of the fiber and renders the core mode energy leak controllable, consequently enhancing the sensitivity and confinement loss (CL) intensity of the core mode as well as the resolution. The composite nanolayer (gold gas-sensitive film) combines the advantages of both the materials and mutual gain to strengthen the detection ability and continuously outputs high-quality free electrons to promote mode coupling. Methods: A dual-resonant-peak single-mode fiber (SMF) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) gas sensor with a V-groove is designed for the sensitive detection of methane and analyzed by the full-vector finite element method (FEM). Results: By optimizing the structural parameters and polarization states, the SPR sensor can be operated in the concentration range between 0 % and 3.5 %, which can be spread across two transmission bands simultaneously with the maximum wavelength sensitivities being 12 nm/% and 8 nm/% and the corresponding resolution being 0.0083 % and 0.013 %, respectively. The tolerance of the structural parameters of the sensor is below 0.88 nm/μm to make manufacturing easier compared to conventional products. This sensor has good prospects and application potential in areas such as gas leakage diagnostics and environmental safety. © 2023

关键词： Optical properties

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