Methods that link genetic variation to steady-state gene expression levels, such as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), are widely used to functionally annotate trait-associated variants, but they are limited ...
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Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is a plant virus with potent anti-tumor efficacy. Intratumoral CPMV, but not cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), reprograms the tumor microenvironment priming durable, systemic anti-tumor ...
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Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is a plant virus with potent anti-tumor efficacy. Intratumoral CPMV, but not cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), reprograms the tumor microenvironment priming durable, systemic anti-tumor immunity. Here, we performed a side-by-side mechanism of action comparison between CPMV and CCMV. Through immune-multiplexing and trafficking studies we observed that CPMV and CCMV are taken up by innate immune cells at similar rates but are processed differently. While CCMV induces proinflammatory interleukins 22, 23, and 27, CPMV is a strong inducer of type I, II, and III interferons, which contribute to the activation and enhancement of immune cell function. We observed that CPMV RNAs activate Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 upon delivery—and not CCMV RNAs; CPMV RNAs persist longer within cells compared with CCMV. Taken together, this work identifies determinants for CPMV’s unique mechanism for intratumoral immunotherapy. It also broadens our understanding of the utility of plant viruses for biomedical applications.
Iterative Bleaching Extends multipleXity (IBEX) is a versatile method for highly multiplexed imaging of diverse tissues. Based on open science principles, we created the IBEX Knowledge-Base, a resource for reagents, p...
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The advancement of biomedical named entity recognition (BNER) and biomedical relation extraction (BRE) researches promotes the development of text mining in biological domains. As a cornerstone of BRE, robust BNER sys...
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