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The role of input imaging combination and ADC threshold on segmentation of acute ischemic stroke lesion using U-Net

European Radiology 2023年第9期33卷 6157-6167页

作者： Li, Ya-Hui Lin, Shao-Chieh Chung, Hsiao-Wen Chang, Chia-Ching Peng, Hsu-Hsia Huang, Teng-Yi Shen, Wu-Chung Tsai, Chon-Haw Lo, Yu-Chien Lee, Tung-Yang Juan, Cheng-Hsuan Juan, Cheng-En Chang, Hing-Chiu Liu, Yi-Jui Juan, Chun-Jung Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital No. 199 Sec. 1 Xinglong Rd. Zhubei City Hsinchu County 302 Hsinchu Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Management Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Neurology China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Cheng Ching Hospital Taichung Taiwan Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung 40724 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong ERB1112 11/F William M.W. Mong Engineering Building N.T Shatin Hong Kong Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center The Chinese University of Hong Kong N.T Shatin Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Background: To evaluate the effect of the weighting of input imaging combo and ADC threshold on the performance of the U-Net and to find an optimized input imaging combo and ADC threshold in segmenting acute ischemic stroke (AIS) lesion. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled a total of 212 patients having AIS. Four combos, including ADC-ADC-ADC (AAA), DWI-ADC-ADC (DAA), DWI-DWI-ADC (DDA), and DWI-DWI-DWI (DDD), were used as input images, respectively. Three ADC thresholds including 0.6, 0.8 and 1.8 × 10^–3 mm²/s were applied. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to evaluate the segmentation performance of U-Nets. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis test with Tukey–Kramer post-hoc tests were used for comparison. A p <.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The DSC significantly varied among different combos of images and different ADC thresholds. Hybrid U-Nets outperformed uniform U-Nets at ADC thresholds of 0.6 × 10^–3 mm²/s and 0.8 × 10^–3 mm²/s (p <.001). The U-Net with imaging combo of DDD had segmentation performance similar to hybrid U-Nets at an ADC threshold of 1.8 × 10^–3 mm²/s (p =.062 to 1). The U-Net using the imaging combo of DAA at the ADC threshold of 0.6 × 10^–3 mm²/s achieved the highest DSC in the segmentation of AIS lesion. Conclusions: The segmentation performance of U-Net for AIS varies among the input imaging combos and ADC thresholds. The U-Net is optimized by choosing the imaging combo of DAA at an ADC threshold of 0.6 × 10^–3 mm²/s in segmentating AIS lesion with highest DSC. Key Points: • Segmentation performance of U-Net for AIS differs among input imaging combos. • Segmentation performance of U-Net for AIS differs among ADC thresholds. • U-Net is optimized using DAA with ADC = 0.6 × 10^–3mm²/s. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society of Radiology.

关键词： Deep Learning Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ischemic Stroke Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Study

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High-Resolution Imaging of Human Cancer Proteins Using Microprocessor Materials

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ChemBioChem 2022年第17期23卷 e202200310-e202200310页

作者： Solares, Maria J. Jonaid, G.M. Luqiu, William Y. Berry, Samantha Khadela, Janki Liang, Yanping Evans, Madison C. Pridham, Kevin J. Dearnaley, William J. Sheng, Zhi Kelly, Deborah F. Molecular Cellular and Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States Center for Structural Oncology Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham 27708 NC United States Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC Virginia Tech Roanoke 24016 VA United States

Mutations in tumor suppressor genes, such as Tumor Protein 53 (TP53), are heavily implicated in aggressive cancers giving rise to gain- and loss-of-function phenotypes. While individual domains of the p53 protein have been studied extensively, structural information for full-length p53 remains incomplete. Functionalized microprocessor chips (microchips) with properties amenable to electron microscopy permitted us to visualize complete p53 assemblies for the first time. The new structures revealed p53 in an inactive dimeric state independent of DNA binding. Residues located at the protein-protein interface corresponded with modification sites in cancer-related hot spots. Changes in these regions may amplify the toxic effects of clinical mutations. Taken together, these results contribute advances in technology and imaging approaches to decode native protein models in different states of activation. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： cancer electron microscopy microchips p53, molecular modeling

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The recency and geographical origins of the bat viruses ancestral to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

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Cell 2025年

作者： Pekar, Jonathan E. Lytras, Spyros Ghafari, Mahan Magee, Andrew F. Parker, Edyth Wang, Yu Ji, Xiang Havens, Jennifer L. Katzourakis, Aris Vasylyeva, Tetyana I. Suchard, Marc A. Hughes, Alice C. Hughes, Joseph Rambaut, Andrew Robertson, David L. Dellicour, Simon Worobey, Michael Wertheim, Joel O. Lemey, Philippe Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Biomedical Informatics University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Medicine University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Division of Systems Virology Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Medical Research Council University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Biology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles 90095 CA United States Department of Immunology and Microbiology The Scripps Research Institute La Jolla 92037 CA United States Institute of Genomics and Global Health Redeemer's University Osun State Ede Nigeria Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Department of Mathematics School of Science and Engineering Tulane University New Orleans LA United States Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention University of California Irvine Irvine 92617 CA United States Department of Biostatistics Fielding School of Public Health University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles 90095 CA United States Department of Computational Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles 90095 CA United States School of Biological Sciences University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong China Biodiversity Green Development Foundation Beijing China Spatial Epidemiology Lab (SpELL) Université Libre de Bruxelles CP160/12 50 av. FD Roosevelt Bruxelles 1050 Belgium Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation Rega Institute

The emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002 and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 led to increased sampling of sarbecoviruses circulating in horseshoe bats. Employing phylogenetic inference while accounting for recombination of bat sarbecoviruses, we find that the closest-inferred bat virus ancestors of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 existed less than a decade prior to their emergence in humans. Phylogeographic analyses show bat sarbecoviruses traveled at rates approximating their horseshoe bat hosts and circulated in Asia for millennia. We find that the direct ancestors of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are unlikely to have reached their respective sites of emergence via dispersal in the bat reservoir alone, supporting interactions with intermediate hosts through wildlife trade playing a role in zoonotic spillover. These results can guide future sampling efforts and demonstrate that viral genomic regions extremely closely related to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were circulating in horseshoe bats, confirming their importance as the reservoir species for SARS viruses. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： molecular epidemiology phylogeography sarbecoviruses virus evolution

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Resolving p53 to Create Clinically-Relevant Mutation Models

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1087-1090页

作者： Solares, Maria J. Jonaid, G.M. Kelly, Deborah F. Molecular Cellular Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Center for Structural Oncology Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Bioinformatics and Genomics Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States

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WARMING EFFECT of BLANKETS with HIGH FAR-INFRARED EMISSIVITY on SKIN MICROCIRCULATION in TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

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biomedical engineering - Applications, Basis and Communications 2020年第6期32卷

作者： Bau, Jian-Guo Yang, Chun-Pai Huang, Bo-Wen Lin, Yung-Sheng Wu, Ming-Feng Hungkuang University Department of Biomedical of Engineering Taichung Taiwan Department of Neurology Kuang Tien General Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Nutrition Hungkuang University Taichung Taiwan Feng Chia University Master's Program of Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering Taichung Taiwan National United University Department of Chemical Engineering Miaoli Taiwan Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit Kuang Tien General Hospital Taichung Taiwan

Vascular complications are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Effective strategies to improve circulation appear to be another important issue in addition to the interventions of blood glucose control. Previous studies have shown that the biological effects on humans after using the materials containing ceramic particles emits far infrared radiation (FIR). The present study is to investigate the warming effect of the fabrics containing specified metals in diabetic patients. A total of 28 diabetic patients were blinded and randomly assigned to treatment group (N = 18) and control group (N = 10), respectively. The subjects of treatment group were ministered with the blankets with fibers containing the specified metals, while the subjects of control group were provided with blankets of ordinary material. The skin temperature and microcirculatory perfusion were monitored before and after 20-min use of the blankets at shoulder and bilateral calves. After warming with blankets, the treatment group revealed a higher increased ratio of skin perfusion than control (p © 2020 National Taiwan University.

关键词： Infrared radiation

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Peer Teaching as bioinformatics Training Strategy: Incentives, Challenges, and Benefits

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Medical Reference Services Quarterly 2022年第1期41卷 13-25页

作者： Rahman, Nur-Taz Meyer, Caitlin Thakral, Durga Cai, Wesley L. Chen, Ann T. Obaid, Razib Garcia-Milian, Rolando Bioinformatics Support Program Research and Education Services Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library Yale University New Haven CT United States Department of Dermatology Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Department of Pathology Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT United States RARAF Radiological Research Accelerator Facility Nevis Laboratory Columbia University Irvington NY United States

bioinformatics is essential for basic and clinical research. Peer-to-peer (P2P) teaching was used to respond to the bioinformatics training needs at a research-intensive institution. In addition to the data collected from the workshops, personal experiences of the teachers were used to understand incentives, challenges, and benefits of P2P teaching. Developing communication skills such as confidence in teaching, explaining complex concepts, and better understanding of topics benefited P2P teachers. Lack of time and classroom management were identified as major challenges. Hence, P2P teaching can be beneficial not only for bioinformatics trainees but also as a professional development opportunity for peer teachers. © 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： bioinformatics computational biology data education peer teaching training

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A structural haplotype in the 17q21.31 MAPT region is associated with increased risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy endophenotypes

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Cell Reports Medicine 2025年第5期6卷 102084-102084页

作者： Han, Xudong Zhang, Yichi Petrosky, Jillian N. Bald, Sarah Sherva, Richard M. Labadorf, Adam Cherry, Jonathan D. Chung, Jaeyoon Farrell, Kurt Abdolmohammadi, Bobak Durape, Shruti Martin, Brett M. Palmisano, Joseph N. Farrell, John J. Alvarez, Victor E. Huber, Bertrand R. Dwyer, Brigid Daneshvar, Daniel H. Jun, Gyungah R. Lunetta, Kathryn L. Goldstein, Lee E. Katz, Douglas I. Cantu, Robert C. Shenton, Martha E. Cummings, Jeffrey L. Reiman, Eric M. Stern, Robert A. Alosco, Michael L. Tripodis, Yorghos Farrer, Lindsay A. Stein, Thor D. Crary, John F. McKee, Ann C. Mez, Jesse Bioinformatics Graduate Program Boston University Boston MA United States Section of Biomedical Genetics Department of Medicine Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA United States Department of Neurology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA United States Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA United States Boston VA Healthcare System Boston MA United States Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center Boston University Boston MA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA United States Departments of Pathology Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence & Human Health Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE Friedman Brain Institute Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA United States Bedford VA Healthcare System Bedford MA United States Braintree Rehabilitation Hospital Braintree MA United States Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance Brain Injury Research Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Department of Biostatistics Boston University School of Public Health Boston MA United States Department of Ophthalmology Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston MA United States Departments of Biomedical Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University College of Engineering Boston MA United States Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry Boston University Chobanian & Avedisia

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impact (RHI) exposure. Genetic variation in the 17q21.31 region, containing microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), has been implicated in tauopathies but has not been investigated in CTE. The region includes a megabase-long inversion (H1/H2) and copy-number variations, including α, β, and γ segments, which can be characterized as nine segregating structural haplotypes. We leveraged array SNP data and a reference panel across the 17q21.31 region to impute structural haplotypes and test their association with CTE endophenotypes in 447 European ancestry brain donors with RHI exposure. The H1β1γ1 haplotype was significantly associated with dementia and semi-quantitative tau burden in multiple cortical and medial temporal regions commonly affected in CTE. H1β1γ1 differential expression analyses in dorsolateral frontal cortex implicated cis-acting genes and inflammatory pathways. Taken together, the H1β1γ1 haplotype may help explain CTE heterogeneity among those with similar RHI exposure. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： 17q21.31 chronic traumatic encephalopathy dementia differential gene expression immune system MAPT repetitive head impacts structural haplotypes tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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Combining Hierarchical Inference in Ontologies with Heterogeneous Data Sources Improves Gene Function Prediction

Combining Hierarchical Inference in Ontologies with Heteroge...

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IEEE International Conference on bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Xiaoyu Jiang Naoki Nariai Martin Steffen Simon Kasif David Gold Eric D. Kolaczyk Department of Mathematics and Statistics Boston University Boston MA USA Bioinformatics Program Boston University Boston MA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA Boston University Boston MA US

The study of gene function is critical in various genomic and proteomic fields. Due to the availability of tremendous amounts of different types of protein data, integrating these datasets to predict function has become a significant opportunity in computational biology. In this paper, to predict protein function we (i) develop a novel Bayesian framework combining relational,hierarchical and structural information with improvement in data usage efficiency over similar methods, and (ii) propose to use it in conjunction with an integrative protein-protein association network, STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of INteracting Genes/proteins), which combines information from seven different sources. At the heart of our work is accomplishing protein data integration in a concerted fashion with respect to algorithm and data source. Method performance is assessed by a 5-fold cross-validation in yeast on selected terms from the Molecular Function ontology in the Gene Ontology database. Results show that our combined use of the proposed computational framework and the protein network from STRING offers substantial improvements in prediction. The benefits of using an aggressively integrative network, such as STRING, may derive from the fact that although it is likely that the ultimate gene interaction matrix (including but not limited to protein-protein, genetic, or regulatory interactions) will be sparse, presently it is still known only incompletely in most organisms, and thus the use of multiple distinct data sources is rewarded.

关键词： Ontologies Protein engineering Genomics bioinformatics Proteomics Computational biology Bayesian methods Information retrieval Heart Fungi

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Donor Selection for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Using Cost-Sensitive SVM

Donor Selection for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Using...

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International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)

作者： Adarsh Sivasankaran Vladimir Cherkassky Mark Albrecht Eric Williams Martin Maiers Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A. Bioinformatics Research National Marrow Donor Program Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A.

ISBN: (纸本)9781509002887

Donor selection for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant often requires physicians to manually select 3 to 5 donors from a list of 100s of genetically compatible donors as identified by HLA-based matching algorithms. The decision process is complicated by a lack of strict guidelines governing a "secondary" selection process, which is based upon non-HLA donor attributes. Our research is aimed at modeling this "secondary" decision process which can help physicians choose the right donors, based on donor attributes and historical choice behavior. Proposed black box models will help in improving selection consistency.

关键词： Medical services Support vector machines Data models Stem cells Mathematical model Numerical models Training

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Mechanical forces mediate localized topological change in epithelia

Mechanical forces mediate localized topological change in ep...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Yingzi Li Hammad Naveed Sema Kachalo Lisa X. Xu Jie Liang Department of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Bioinformatics Program Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL USA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Center of Systems Biomedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

Regulation of cell growth and proliferation has a fundamental role in tissue development, organogenesis, and disease progression. Conserved distribution of the number of sides of cells with a mean value of six was found in a variety of proliferating epithelia. Previous studies have shown that clones of proliferating cells bounded by quiescent cells have fewer sides than normal epithelia. However, the mechanisms for mediating such localized topological change remain poorly understood. In this study, we use a two-dimensional vertex model with consideration of mechanical forces to investigate how differential proliferation and forces can influence cell shape and tissue morphogenesis, and how they may lead to distorted topological change. We find that differential proliferation alone is insufficient to affect the topology of boundary proliferating cells. Rather, increased surface tension on the boundary, in addition to differential proliferation, can significantly decrease the average number of cell sides. Our results are consistent with experimental observations. We conclude that mechanical forces in addition to localized differential proliferation are required to produce the distorted topological change which significantly impacts the overall cell shape and tissue morphogenesis.

关键词： Biological system modeling Shape Topology Educational institutions Force Surface tension Stress

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