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arXiv 2019年

作者： Haghi, H. Sojahrood, A.J. Kolios, Michael C. Department of Physics Ryerson University TorontoON Canada Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Science Technology A Partnership between Ryerson University and St. MichaelâǍŹs Hospital Toronto Canada Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St MichaelâǍŹs Hospital Toronto Canada

Exploiting the full potential of MBs for applications requires a good understanding of their complex dynamics. Improved understanding of MB oscillations can lead to further enhancement in optimizing their efficacy in many applications and also invent new ones. Previous studies have predominantly addressed the behavior of a single isolated MB in an infinite liquid domain, whereas most applications employ MBs in clusters. Oscillating MBs have been shown to generate secondary pressure waves that modify the dynamics of the MBs in their proximity. A modified Keller-Miksis equation is used to account for inter-bubble interactions. The oscillatory dynamics of each MB within clusters was computed by numerically solving the resulting system of coupled nonlinear second order differential equations. Frequency response analysis and bifurcation diagrams were employed to track the dynamics of interacting MBs. Here we investigate the dynamics of polydisperse MB clusters over a wide range of acoustic and geometric parameters. An emergent collective behavior within bubble clusters was observed whereby individual dynamics of smaller bubbles were suppressed resulting in a collective behavior dominated by the dynamics of the largest MB within the cluster. The emergent dynamics of smaller MBs within bubble clusters can be characterized by constructive and destructive inter-bubble interactions. In constructive interactions, the radial oscillations of smaller bubbles matched those of the largest MB and their oscillations are amplified. In destructive interactions, the oscillations of smaller bubbles are suppressed so that their oscillations match those of the largest MB. Furthermore, a special case of constructive interactions is presented where dominant MB (largest) can force smaller MBs into period doubling and subharmonic oscillations. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamics

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Effects of gold core size on regulating the performance of doxorubicin-conjugated gold nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2018年第6期11卷 3396-3410页

作者： Dongyan Wu Huaisong Wang Xiaoshuang Hou Huan Chen Yu Ma Yanglong Hou Jin Hong Ya Ding State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China Department of Biochemistry School of Life Science and Technology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China Beijing Key Laboratory for Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices (BKLMMD) Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology (BIC-ESAT) Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Sciences China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China

Studies on the influence of one critical parameter （e.g., size）, targeting a specific disease, while keeping other factors unchanged, are important for improving understanding and application of the molecular design of biomedical nanomaterials. In this study, we used doxorubicin （Dox）-conjugated gold nanoparticles （GNPs） to investigate the effects of the size of the gold core （10, 20, or 60 nm） on the performance of their conjugates. We found that all three conjugates differed slightly in their physicochemical properties, facilitating a direct and accurate assessment of the size effects of GNP-Dox conjugates on their in vitro and in vivo performance. The cytological properties （the cell penetration rate and efficiency, as well as the cytotoxicity） and antitumor performance （the intratumoral penetration, treatment efficacy, and biodistribution） were highly correlated to the size of the inorganic core. Among all test groups, although the conjugate with a 60-nm gold core had the highest drug loading and release efficiency, the conjugate with a 10-nm gold core displayed the best antitumor efficacy toward the liver cancer models. This was because it showed the deepest tumor permeability and the highest tumor cell-killing ability of Dox transported by the relatively small GNPs. This study provides important evidence for better understanding the effect of size on in vitro and in vivo properties of potential therapeutic nanosystems and their structure design.

关键词： size effect doxorubicin-conjugated gold nanoparticles antitumor efficacy tumor penetration liver cancer

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Nanoscale Poroelasticity of the Tectorial Membrane Determines Hair Bundle Deflections

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Physical Review Letters 2019年第2期122卷 028101-028101页

作者： Jonathan B. Sellon Mojtaba Azadi Ramin Oftadeh Hadi Tavakoli Nia Roozbeh Ghaffari Alan J. Grodzinsky Dennis M. Freeman Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA School of Engineering College of Science and Engineering San Francisco State University San Francisco California 94132 USA Center for Biomedical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02114 USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA

Stereociliary imprints in the tectorial membrane (TM) have been taken as evidence that outer hair cells are sensitive to shearing displacements of the TM, which plays a key role in shaping cochlear sensitivity and frequency selectivity via resonance and traveling wave mechanisms. However, the TM is highly hydrated (97% water by weight), suggesting that the TM may be flexible even at the level of single hair cells. Here we show that nanoscale oscillatory displacements of microscale spherical probes in contact with the TM are resisted by frequency-dependent forces that are in phase with TM displacement at low and high frequencies, but are in phase with TM velocity at transition frequencies. The phase lead can be as much as a quarter of a cycle, thereby contributing to frequency selectivity and stability of cochlear amplification.

关键词： Biomechanics Flows in porous media Hearing Nanofluidics Sound discrimination Auditory system Cochlea Porous materials Atomic force microscopy

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Biomechanical characterization of mouse sclera in myopia

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MCB Molecular and Cellular Biomechanics 2019年 16卷 61-63页

作者： Ethier, C. Ross Brown, Dillon M. Landis, Erica Pardue, MacHelle T. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Emory University AtlantaGA30332 United States Department of Neuroscience Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center AtlantaGA30329 United States

Myopia, or near-sightedness, is a common ocular condition in which the eye elongates excessively. Development of myopia is associated with, and thought to be facilitated by, changes in the biomechanical properties of the sclera (the white part of the eye). We characterized scleral biomechanics in a mouse model of myopia using unconfirmed compression testing and biphasic theory to extract scleral permeability, in- plane scleral tensile modulus, and through-plane scleral compressive modulus. We find that myopia reduces in-plane tensile modulus and permeability, consistent with scleral tissue remodeling. Such biomechanical outcome measures may offer advantages over more traditional assessments of myopia-associated changes in the small mouse eye. © 2019 Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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Metabolomics analysis reveals changes related to pseudocyst formation induced by iron depletion in Trichomonas vaginalis

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Parasites & vectors 2023年第1期16卷 226页

作者： Wei-Hung Cheng Po-Jung Huang Chi-Ching Lee Yuan-Ming Yeh Seow-Chin Ong Rose Lin Fu-Man Ku Cheng-Hsun Chiu Petrus Tang Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. Department of Parasitology College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan. Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City Taiwan. Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering College of Engineering Chang Gung University Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan. Department of Parasitology College of Medicine Chang Gung University Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City Taiwan. Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan. Department of Parasitology College of Medicine Chang Gung University Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City Taiwan. petang@mail.cgu.edu.tw. Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan. petang@mail.cgu.edu.tw.

BACKGROUND:Iron is an essential element for cellular functions, such as energy metabolism. Trichomonas vaginalis, a human urogenital tract pathogen, is capable of surviving in the environment without sufficient iron supplementation. Pseudocysts (cyst-like structures) are an environmentally tolerated stage of this parasite while encountering undesired conditions, including iron deficiency. We previously demonstrated that iron deficiency induces more active glycolysis but a drastic downregulation of hydrogenosomal energy metabolic enzymes. Therefore, the metabolic direction of the end product of glycolysis is still controversial. METHODS:In the present work, we conducted an LC‒MS-based metabolomics analysis to obtain accurate insights into the enzymatic events of T. vaginalis under iron-depleted (ID) conditions. RESULTS:First, we showed the possible digestion of glycogen, cellulose polymerization, and accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). Second, a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA), capric acid, was elevated, whereas most detected C18 fatty acids were reduced significantly. Third, amino acids were mostly reduced, especially alanine, glutamate, and serine. Thirty-three dipeptides showed significant accumulation in ID cells, which was probably associated with the decrease in amino acids. Our results indicated that glycogen was metabolized as the carbon source, and the structural component cellulose was synthesized at same time. The decrease in C18 fatty acids implied possible incorporation in the membranous compartment for pseudocyst formation. The decrease in amino acids accompanied by an increase in dipeptides implied incomplete proteolysis. These enzymatic reactions (alanine dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and threonine dehydratase) were likely involved in ammonia release. CONCLUSION:These findings highlighted the possible glycogen utilization, cellulose biosynthesis, and fatty acid incorporation in pseudocyst formation as well as NO precurso

关键词： Amino acids Ammonia Cellulose Dipeptides Fatty acids Glycogen Iron deficiency Metabolomics analysis Trichomonas vaginalis

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Author Correction: Predicting the efficiency of prime editing guide RNAs in human cells

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Nature biotechnology 2024年第3期42卷 529页

作者： Hui Kwon Kim Goosang Yu Jinman Park Seonwoo Min Sungtae Lee Sungroh Yoon Hyongbum Henry Kim Department of Pharmacology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea. Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea. Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Graduate School of Data Science Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Pharmacology Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac. Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac. Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac. Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac. Severance Biomedical Science Institute Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac. Graduate Program of NanoScience and Technology Yonsei University Seoul Republic of Korea. hkim1@yuhs.ac.

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Cocreation of Massive Open Online Courses to Improve Digital Health Literacy in Diabetes: Pilot Mixed Methods Study

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JMIR Diabetes 2021年第4期6卷 e30603页

作者： Alvarez-Perez, Yolanda Perestelo-Perez, Lilisbeth Rivero-Santana, Amado Wagner, Ana M. Torres-Castaño, Alezandra Toledo-Chávarri, Ana Duarte-Díaz, Andrea Alvarado-Martel, Dácil Piccini, Barbara van den Broucke, Stephan Vandenbosch, Jessica González-González, Carina Perello, Michelle Serrano-Aguilar, Pedro Canary Islands Health Research Institute Foundation (FIISC) Tenerife Spain Evaluation Unit (SESCS) Canary Islands Health Service (SCS) Tenerife Spain Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC) Tenerife Spain Center for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands (CIBICAN) Tenerife Spain Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition University Hospital Insular Materno-Infantil Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain Diabetology Unit Meyer University Children’s Hospital Florence Italy Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain Belgium Interaction Technology and Education Research Group Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of La Laguna La Laguna Spain Consulta Europa Projects and Innovation Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain

Background: Self-management education is a fundamental aspect in the health care of people with diabetes to develop the necessary skills for the improvement of health outcomes. Patients are required to have the competencies to manage electronic information resources—that is, an appropriate level of digital health literacy. The European project IC-Health aimed to improve digital health literacy among people with diabetes through the cocreation of massive open online courses (MOOCs). Objective: We report the preliminary results obtained in 3 participating countries in the IC-Health project (Italy, Spain, and Sweden) regarding (1) experience of the participants during the cocreation process of MOOCs, (2) perceived changes in their digital health literacy level after using MOOCs, and (3) a preliminary assessment of the acceptability of MOOCs. Methods: The cocreation of the MOOCs included focus groups with adults and adolescents with diabetes and the creation of independent communities of practice for type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes participants aimed to co-design the MOOCs. Quantitative measures of the acceptability of MOOCs, experience in the cocreation process, and increase in digital health literacy (dimensions of finding, understanding, and appraisal) were assessed. Results: A total of 28 participants with diabetes participated in focus groups. Adults and adolescents agreed that the internet is a secondary source of health-related information. A total of 149 participants comprised the diabetes communities of practice. A total of 9 MOOCs were developed. Acceptability of the MOOCs and the cocreation experience were positively valued. There was a significant improvement in digital health literacy in both adults and adolescents after using MOOCs (P<.001). Conclusions: Although the results presented on self-perceived digital health literacy are preliminary and exploratory, this pilot study suggests that IC-Health MOOCs represent a promising tool for the medical care

关键词： Diabetes Digital health literacy Health education MOOC

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Periodic bouncing of a plasmonic bubble in a binary liquid by competing solutal and thermal Marangoni forces

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zeng, Binglin Chong, Kai Leong Wang, Yuliang Diddens, Christian Li, Xiaolai Detert, Marvin Zandvliet, Harold J.W. Lohse, Detlef Physics of Fluids Group Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics MESA+ Institute J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics University of Twente P.O. Box 217 Enschede7500AE Netherlands School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University 37 Xueyuan Rd Haidian District Beijing China Physics of Interfaces and Nanomaterials MESA+ Institute University of Twente P.O. Box 217 Enschede7500 AE Netherlands Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University 37 Xueyuan Rd Haidian District Beijing China Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Am Fassberg 17 Göttingen37077 Germany

The physicochemical hydrodynamics of bubbles and droplets out of equilibrium, in particular with phase transitions, displays surprisingly rich and often counterintuitive phenomena. Here we experimentally and theoretically study the nucleation and early evolution of plasmonic bubbles in a binary liquid consisting of water and ethanol. Remarkably, the submillimeter plasmonic bubble is found to be periodically attracted to and repelled from the nanoparticle-decorated substrate, with frequencies of around a few kHz. We identify the competition between solutal and thermal Marangoni forces as origin of the periodic bouncing. The former arises due to the selective vaporization of ethanol at the substrate's side of the bubble, leading to a solutal Marangoni flow towards the hot substrate, which pushes the bubble away. The latter arises due to the temperature gradient across the bubble, leading to a thermal Marangoni flow away from the substrate which sucks the bubble towards it. We study the dependence of the frequency of the bouncing phenomenon from the control parameters of the system, namely the ethanol fraction and the laser power for the plasmonic heating. Our findings can be generalized to boiling and electrolytically or catalytically generated bubbles in multicomponent *** Codes 76-05. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Liquids

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Multi-stage domain adversarial style reconstruction for cytopathological image stain normalization

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chen, Xihao Yu, Jingya Chen, Li Zeng, Shaoqun Liu, Xiuli Cheng, Shenghua Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei430074 China MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics School of Engineering Sciences Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei430074 China Department of Clinical Laboratory Tongji Hospital Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei430030 China

The different stain styles of cytopathological images have a negative effect on the generalization ability of automated image analysis algorithms. This article proposes a new framework that normalizes the stain style for cytopathological images through a stain removal module and a multi-stage domain adversarial style reconstruction module. We convert colorful images into grayscale images with a color-encoding mask. Using the mask, reconstructed images retain their basic color without red and blue mixing, which is important for cytopathological image interpretation. The style reconstruction module consists of per-pixel regression with intra-domain adversarial learning, inter-domain adversarial learning, and optional task-based refining. Per-pixel regression with intra-domain adversarial learning establishes the generative network from the decolorized input to the reconstructed output. The inter-domain adversarial learning further reduces the difference in stain style. The generation network can be optimized by combining it with the task network. Experimental results show that the proposed techniques help to optimize the generation network. The average accuracy increases from 75.41% to 84.79% after the intra-domain adversarial learning, and to 87.00% after inter-domain adversarial learning. Under the guidance of the task network, the average accuracy rate reaches 89.58%. The proposed method achieves unsupervised stain normalization of cytopathological images, while preserving the cell structure, texture structure, and cell color properties of the image. This method overcomes the problem of generalizing the task models between different stain styles of cytopathological images. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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NIMG-67. MULTI-PARAMETRIC MRI-BASED MACHINE LEARNING ANALYSIS FOR PREDICTION OF NEOPLASTIC INFILTRATION AND RECURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA: UPDATES FROM THE MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL RESPOND CONSORTIUM

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Neuro-Oncology 2022年第SUPPLEMENT_7期24卷 vii179–vii180页

作者： Akbari, Hamed Mohan, Suyash Garcia, Jose Kazerooni, Anahita Fathi Sako, Chiharu Bakas, Spyridon Bilello, Michel Bagley, Stephen Baid, Ujjwal Brem, Steven Lustig, Robert Nasrallah, MacLean O'Rourke, Donald Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill Badve, Chaitra Sloan, Andrew Jain, Rajan Lee, Matthew Chakravarti, Arnab Palmer, Joshua Taylor, William Cepeda, Santiago Dicker, Adam Flanders, Adam Shi, Wenyin Shukla, Gaurav Calabrese, Evan Rudie, Jeffrey Villanueva-Meyer, Javier LaMontagne, Pamela Marcus, Daniel Balana, Carmen Capellades, Jaume Puig, Josep Ak, Murat Colen, Rivka Ahn, Sung Soo Chang, Jong Hee Choi, Yoon Seong Lee, Seung-Koo Griffith, Brent Poisson, Laila Rogers, Lisa Booth, Thomas Mahajan, Abhishek Wiestler, Benedikt Davatzikos, Christos University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics and Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics Department of Radiology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology and Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD USA Department of Radiology Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Cleveland USA Department of Pathology and Department of Neurosurgery Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Seidman Cancer Center and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Cleveland USA Department of Radiology NYU Grossman School of Medicine New York NY USA Department of Radiation Oncology Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA The Department of Radiation Oncology The James Cancer Hospital Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA The Ohio State University Columbus USA University Hospital Río Hortega Valladolid Spain Department of Radiation Oncology Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA Department of Radiology Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA Department of Radiation Oncology Thomas Jefferson University Hospita

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