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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lee, Yong Min Jung, Byung Ku Ahn, Junhyuk Park, Taesung Shin, Chanho Ng, Tse Nga Kim, In Soo Choi, Ji-Hyuk Oh, Soong Ju Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Materials Science Engineering Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Nanophotonics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Converging Science and Technology KHU KIST Seoul02447 Korea Republic of Resources Utilization Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Daejeon34132 Korea Republic of

We introduce an effective surface-doping strategy for CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) by examining the size-dependency of the doping behavior. A CdSe NC thin-film transistor (TFT) is fabricated via a doping process with InCl3 treatment followed by an annealing process. Spectroscopic and electronic device characterization reveal that smaller NCs are more effectively doped than larger NCs at all annealing temperatures. This is attributed to the larger specific surface area, where the dopant can be more readily coordinated. The degenerate behavior of a 3.3-nm CdSe-NC TFT appears at a lower temperature than that of larger NC TFTs. We achieve a high electron mobility and on-to-off current ratio of 1.79 cm2/Vs and 5.2 × 105, respectively, in a low-temperature annealing process (150 °C) with 3.3-nm CdSe NCs. This facilitates the fabrication of a flexible CdSe-NC TFT, which is demonstrated on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate with an Al2O3 dielectric layer using atomic layer deposition. The flexible 3.3-nm CdSe-NC TFT is successfully fabricated even at 150 °C, with a high on-to-off current ratio and low hysteresis at a low operation voltage, which is impossible for larger CdSe-NC TFTs. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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Reconfigurable Assembly of Chiral Metamaterials on Solid Substrates

Reconfigurable Assembly of Chiral Metamaterials on Solid Sub...

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Novel Optical materials and Applications, NOMA 2020

作者： Li, Jingang Zheng, Yuebing Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

We report an all-optical approach to build colloids into active chiral nanostructures on a solid substrate, where the chiroptical response can be tailored on-demand. © 2020 OSA - The Optical Society. All rights r... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580798

关键词： Substrates

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Giant Thermomechanical Bandgap engineering in Quasi-two-dimensional Tellurium

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hussain, Naveed Ahmed, Shehzad Tep, Hüseyin U. Ullah, Kaleem Shahzad, Khurram Wu, Hui Shcherbakov, Maxim R. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Guangdong518060 China Micro and Nano-Technology Program School of Natural and Applied Sciences Middle East Technical University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19711 United States Department of Physics Middle East Technical University Ankara06800 Turkey

Mechanical straining-induced bandgap modulation in two-dimensional (2D) materials has been confined to volatile and narrow modulation due to substrate slippage and poor strain transfer. We report the thermomechanical modulation of the inherent bandgap in quasi-2D tellurium nanoflakes (TeNFs) via non-volatile strain induction during hot-press synthesis. We leveraged the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between TeNFs and growth substrates by maintaining a high-pressure enforced non-slip condition during thermal relaxation (623 to 300K) to achieve the optimal biaxial compressive strain of -4.6 percent in TeNFs/sapphire. This resulted in an enormous bandgap modulation of 2.3 eV, at a rate of up to ~600 meV/%, which is two-fold larger than reported modulation rate. Strained TeNFs display robust band-to-band radiative excitonic blue photoemission with an intrinsic quantum efficiency (IQE) of c.a. 79.9%, making it promising for energy efficient blue LEDs and nanolasers. Computational studies reveal that biaxial compressive strain inhibits exciton-exciton annihilation by evading van-Hove singularities, hence promoting radiative-recombination. Bandgap modulation by such nonvolatile straining is scalable to other 2D semiconductors for on-demand nano(opto)-electronics. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy gap

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Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks/Epoxy Composite Coatings with Superior O2/H2O Resistance for Anticorrosion Applications

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ACS applied materials & interfaces 2024年第31期16卷 41421-41434页

作者： Hao-Hsuan Hsia You-Liang Chen Yu-Ting Tai Hong-Kang Tian Chung-Wei Kung Wei-Ren Liu Department of Chemical Engineering R&D Center for Membrane Technology Research Center for Circular Economy Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan 32023 Taiwan. Department of Graduate Institude of Applied Science and Technology National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City 106335 Taiwan. Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City 70101 Taiwan. Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan. Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan.

Corrosion protection technology plays a crucial role in preserving infrastructure, ensuring safety and reliability, and promoting long-term sustainability. In this study, we combined experiments and various analyses to investigate the mechanism of corrosion occurring on the epoxy-based anticorrosive coating containing the additive of two-dimensional (2D) and water-stable zirconium-based metalorganic frameworks (Zr-MOFs). By using benzoic acid as the modulator for the growth of the MOF, a 2D MOF constructed from hexazirconium clusters and BTB linkers (BTB = 1,3,5-tri(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene) with coordinated benzoate (BA-ZrBTB) can be synthesized. By coating the BA-ZrBTB/epoxy composite film (BA-ZrBTB/EP) on the surface of cold-rolled steel (CRS), we found the lowest coating roughness (RMS) of BA-ZrBTB/EP is 2.83 nm with the highest water contact angle as 99.8°, which represents the hydrophobic coating surface. Notably, the corrosion rate of the BA-ZrBTB/EP coating is 2.28 × 10 mpy, which is 4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the CRS substrate. Moreover, the energy barrier for oxygen diffusion through BA-ZrBTB/EP coating is larger than that for epoxy coating (EP), indicating improved oxygen resistance for adding 2D Zr-MOFs as the additive. These results underscore the high efficiency and potential of BA-ZrBTB as a highly promising agent for corrosion prevention in various commercial applications. Furthermore, this study represents the first instance of applying 2D Zr-MOF materials in anticorrosion applications, opening up new possibilities for advanced corrosion-resistant coatings.

关键词： 2D structure Zr-based MOFs anticorrosion density functional theory epoxy hydrophobic

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A reduced kinetic method for investigating non-local ion heat transport in ideal multi-species plasmas

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mitchell, Nicholas T. Chapman, David A. McDevitt, Christopher J. Read, Martin P. Kagan, Grigory The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom First Light Fusion Ltd. Unit 9/10 Oxford Pioneer Park Mead Road Yarnton Kidlington OX5 1QU United Kingdom Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States

A reduced kinetic method (RKM) with a first-principle collision operator is introduced in a 1D2V planar geometry and implemented in a computationally inexpensive code to investigate non-local ion heat transport in multi-species plasmas. The RKM successfully reproduces local results for multi-species ion systems and the important features expected to arise due to non-local effects on the heat flux are captured. In addition to this, novel features associated with multi-species, as opposed to single species, case are found. Effects of non-locality on the heat flux are investigated in mass and charge symmetric and asymmetric ion mixtures with temperature, pressure, and concentration gradients. In particular, the enthalpy flux associated with diffusion is found to be insensitive to sharp pressure and concentration gradients, increasing its significance in comparison to the conductive heat flux driven by temperature gradients in non-local scenarios. The RKM code can be used for investigating other kinetic and non-local effects in a broader plasma physics context. Due to its relatively low computational cost it can also serve as a practical non-local ion heat flux closure in hydrodynamic simulations or as a training tool for machine learning surrogates. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ions

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Quincke Oscillations of Colloids at Planar Electrodes

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第25期126卷 258001-258001页

作者： Zhengyan Zhang Hang Yuan Yong Dou Monica Olvera de la Cruz Kyle J. M. Bishop Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Dielectric particles in weakly conducting fluids rotate spontaneously when subject to strong electric fields. Such Quincke rotation near a plane electrode leads to particle translation that enables physical models of active matter. In this Letter, we show that Quincke rollers can also exhibit oscillatory dynamics, whereby particles move back and forth about a fixed location. We explain how oscillations arise for micron-scale particles commensurate with the thickness of a field-induced boundary layer in the nonpolar electrolyte. This work enables the design of colloidal oscillators.

关键词： Electrokinetic flows Active matter Self-propelled particles

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Computational modeling of the physical features that influence breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zheng, Yitong Wang, Dong Beeghly, Garrett Fischbach, Claudia Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Benjamin Levich Institute Physics Department City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue strongly influences disease progression and metastasis. The degree of cancer cell invasion into adipose tissue depends on numerous biochemical and physical properties of cancer cells, adipocytes, and other key components of adipose tissue. We model breast cancer invasion into adipose tissue as a physical process by carrying out simulations of active, cohesive spherical particles (cancer cells) invading into confluent packings of deformable polyhedra (adipocytes). We quantify the degree of invasion by calculating the interfacial area At between cancer cells and adipocytes. We determine the long-time value of At versus the activity and strength of the cohesion between cancer cells, as well as mechanical properties of the adipocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM) in which the adipocytes are embedded. We show that the degree of invasion collapses onto a master curve by plotting it versus a dimensionless energy scale Ec, which grows linearly with mean-square fluctuations and persistence time of the cancer cell velocities, is inversely proportional to the pressure of the system, and has an offset that increases with the cancer cell cohesive energy. The condition, Ec 1, indicates that cancer cells will invade the adipose tissue, whereas for Ec 1, the cancer cells and adipocytes remain demixed. We also show that constraints on adipocyte positions by the ECM decrease At relative to that obtained for unconstrained adipocytes. Finally, spatial heterogeneity in structural and mechanical properties of the adipocytes in the presence of ECM impedes invasion relative to adipose tissue with uniform properties. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cancer cells

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Optimal Planning of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems using Curtailed Renewable Energy through Deep Reinforcement Learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Kang, Dongju Kang, Doeun Hwangbo, Sumin Niaz, Haider Lee, Won Bo Liu, J. Jay Na, Jonggeol School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Gwanak-ro 1 Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of

Energy management systems (EMS) are becoming increasingly important in order to utilize the continuously growing curtailed renewable energy. Promising energy storage systems (ESS), such as batteries and green hydrogen should be employed to maximize the efficiency of energy stakeholders. However, optimal decision-making, i.e., planning the leveraging between different strategies, is confronted with the complexity and uncertainties of large-scale problems. Here, we propose a sophisticated deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methodology with a policy-based algorithm to realize the real-time optimal ESS planning under the curtailed renewable energy uncertainty. A quantitative performance comparison proved that the DRL agent outperforms the scenario-based stochastic optimization (SO) algorithm, even with a wide action and observation space. Owing to the uncertainty rejection capability of the DRL, we could confirm a robust performance, under a large uncertainty of the curtailed renewable energy, with a maximizing net profit and stable system. Action-mapping was performed for visually assessing the action taken by the DRL agent according to the state. The corresponding results confirmed that the DRL agent learns the way like what a human expert would do, suggesting reliable application of the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Zwitterionic modified and freeze-thaw reinforced foldable hydrogel as intraocular lens for posterior capsule opacification prevention

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Biomaterials 2024年 309卷 122593-122593页

作者： Yang, Cheng-Jui Huang, Wei-Lun Yang, Yu Kuan, Chen-Hsiang Tseng, Ching-Li Wang, Tzu-Wei Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Cchu Branch Hsinchu Taiwan Interdisciplinary Program of Life Science and Medicine National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Division of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a predominant postoperative complication, often leading to visual impairment due to the aberrant proliferation and adhesion of lens epithelial cells (LECs) and protein precipitates subsequent to intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. To address this clinical issue, a foldable and antifouling sharp-edged IOL implant based on naturally-derived cellulose hydrogel is synthesized. The mechanical strength and transparency of the hydrogel is enhanced via repeated freeze-thaw (FT) cycles. The incorporated zwitterionic modifications can remarkably prevent the incidence of PCO by exhibiting proteins repulsion and cell anti-adhesion properties. The graft of dopamine onto both the haptic and the periphery of the posterior surface ensures the adhesion of the hydrogel to the posterior capsule and impedes the migration of LECs without compromising transparency. In in vivo study, the zwitterionic modified foldable hydrogel exhibits uveal and capsular biocompatibility synchronously with no signs of inflammatory response and prevent PCO formation, better than that of commercialized and PEG-modified IOL. With foldability, endurability, antifouling effect, and adhesive to posterior capsule, the reported hydrogel featuring heterogeneous surface design displays great potential to eradicate PCO and attain post-operative efficacy after cataract surgery. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Hydrogels

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Hybridization of colloidal handlebodies with singular defects and topological solitons in chiral liquid crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lee, Jun-Yong Kumari, Asha Yuan, Ye Tasinkevych, Mykola Smalyukh, Ivan I. International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Department of Physics and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University Clifton Lane NottinghamNG11 8NS United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex topology are rarely considered. On the other hand, singular defects and topological solitons often define the physical behavior of the molecular alignment director fields in liquid crystals. Interestingly, nematic liquid crystalline dispersions of colloidal particles allow for probing the interplay between topologies of surfaces and fields, but only a limited number of such cases have been explored so far. Here, we study the hybridization of topological solitons, singular defects, and topologically nontrivial colloidal particles with the genus of surfaces different from zero in a chiral nematic liquid crystal phase. Hybridization occurs when distortions separately induced by colloidal particles and LC solitons overlap, leading to energy minimization-driven redistribution of director field deformations and defects. As a result, hybrid director configurations emerge, combining topological features from both components. We uncover a host of director field configurations complying with topological theorems, which can be controlled by applying electric fields. Rotational and translational dynamics arise due to the nonreciprocal evolution of the director fields in response to alternating electric fields of different frequencies. These findings help define a platform for controlling topologically hyper-complex colloidal structures and dynamics with electrically reconfigurable singular defects and topological solitons induced by colloidal handlebodies. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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