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SSRN 2023年

作者： Shivakumar, Sashank Song, Keqi Wang, Chunyang Lei, Tianjiao Xin, Huolin L. Rupert, Timothy J. Luo, Jian Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

Activated sintering of refractory metals represents a classical phenomenon in powder metallurgy. This study discovers that Ni addition can enhance sintering of MoNbTaW both above and below the bulk solidus composition at 1800 °C, thereby demonstrating the first example of activated sintering of a high-entropy alloy. To probe the underlying mechanism, experiments reveal complete grain boundary (GB) wetting above the bulk solidus composition, which logically infers the stabilization of a liquid-like interfacial phase (GB complexion) in a prewetting region below the bulk solidus composition. Furthermore, bulk CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagram) methods have been extended to model GBs in Ni-doped MoNbTaW to compute a GB "phase" diagram to forecast high-temperature GB disordering in the prewetting region and rationalize the observed Ni activated sintering of MoNbTaW. Only weak GB segregation of Ni is found in furnace-cooled specimens, which suggests GB "drying" during cooling, consistent with the observed nanoscale precipitates along GBs. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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A Case Study: A Comparative Investigation on Hot Corrosion and Oxidation Resistance of Platinum Aluminide Coating and Platinum-Rhodium Aluminide Coating Applied on Different Substrates

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Koochaki-Abkenar, Atieh Malekan, Ahmad Bozorg, Mansour Nematipour, Kourosh Tehran15875-4413 Iran Ceramic Division Materials and Energy Research Center Alborz14155-4777 Iran Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood*** Iran Department of Materials Science and Engineering Saveh Branch Islamic Azad University Saveh Iran

Precious metal Aluminide diffusion coatings are enormously used in high-temperature components to enhance hot corrosion and oxidation resistance. In this case study, hot corrosion and isothermal oxidation behavior of modified diffusion aluminide coatings including platinum aluminide (Pt-aluminide) coating deposited on nickel-base Inconel 738LC alloy and platinum-rhodium aluminide (Pt-Rh-aluminide) coating deposited on cobalt-base FSX-414 alloy were analyzed. The coatings were prepared by Pt and Rh electroplating, diffusion heat treatment, and above-pack aluminizing respectively. The substrate microstructure, coating morphology, and chemical composition of the coatings were studied and dual-phase coating including PtAl2+ β-(Ni-Pt)Al phases on nickel-base substrate and PtAl2+CoAl phases on cobalt-base substrate were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Type I Hot corrosion was conducted in the presence of 75%Na2SO4+25%NaCl salts at 900 °C for 100 hours. The oxidation behavior of the coatings was studied at 1050 °C for both coatings for 200 hours. The weight change vs time graph of hot corrosion and oxidation tests showed that Pt-Rh-aluminide coating on cobalt-base substrate had better hot corrosion resistance while Pt-aluminide coating on nickel-base substrate had better oxidation resistance. The surface morphology and cross sections of corroded and oxidized samples were also studied by SEM and EDS comparatively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxidation resistance

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Automatic 2D Material Detection in Optical Images using Deep Learning Based Computer Vision 4

Automatic 2D Material Detection in Optical Images using Deep...

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AI and Optical Data sciences IV 2023

作者： Ramezani, Fereshteh Parvez, Sheikh Fix, J. Pierce Battaglin, Arthur Whyte, Seamus Borys, Nicholas J. Whitaker, Bradley Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Montana State University Bozeman United States Department of Physics Montana State University Bozeman United States Materials Science Program Montana State University Bozeman United States Optical Technology Center Montana State University Bozeman United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659810

Computer vision algorithms can quickly analyze numerous images and identify useful information with high accuracy. Recently, computer vision has been used to identify 2D materials in microscope images. 2D materials have important fundamental properties allowing for their use in many potential applications, including many in quantum information science and engineering. In order to use these materials for research and product development, single-layer 2D crystallites must be prepared through an exfoliation procedure and then identified using reflected light optical microscopy. Performing these searches manually is a time-consuming and tedious task. Deploying deep learning-based computer vision algorithms for 2D material search can automate the flake detection task with minimal need for human intervention. In this work, we have implemented a new deep learning pipeline to classify crystallites of 2D materials based on coarse thickness classifications in reflected-light optical micrographs. We have used DetectorRS as the object detector and trained it on 177 images containing hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes of varying thickness. The trained model achieved a high detection accuracy for the rare category of thin flakes ( © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Object detection

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Exploring Nanoscale Photoresponse Mechanisms for Enhanced Photothermoelectric Effects in van der Waals Interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Da Liu, Qiushi Liang, Boqun Yu, Ning Ma, Xuezhi Xu, Yaodong Taniguchi, Takashi Lake, Roger K. Yan, Ruoxue Liu, Ming Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

Integrated photodetectors are crucial for their high speed, sensitivity, and efficient power consumption. In these devices, photocurrent generation is primarily attributed to the photovoltaic (PV) effect, driven by electron-hole separations, and the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect, which results from temperature gradients via the Seebeck effect. As devices shrink, the overlap of these mechanisms—both dependent on the Fermi level and band structure—complicates their separate evaluation at the nanoscale. This study introduces a novel 3D photocurrent nano-imaging technique specifically designed to distinctly map these mechanisms in a Schottky barrier photodiode featuring a molybdenum disulfide and gold (MoS2-Au) interface. We uncover a significant PTE-dominated region extending several hundred nanometers from the electrode edge, a characteristic facilitated by the weak electrostatic forces typical in 2D materials. Unexpectedly, we find that incorporating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), known for its high thermal conductivity, markedly enhances the PTE response. This counterintuitive enhancement stems from an optimal overlap between thermal and Seebeck profiles, presenting a new pathway to boost device performance. Our findings highlight the capability of this imaging technique to not only advance optoelectronic applications but also to deepen our understanding of light-matter interactions within low-dimensional systems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Silicon Oxycarbide-Derived Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanoparticles with Tunable Pore Structure for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Sung Eun Kim, Min Ji Park, Jin-Sung Lee, Jin Woong Yoon, Do Woong Kim, Youngsin Kim, Jung Hyun Kang, Yun Chan Jung, Dae Soo Energy Storage Materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Soho-ro Gyeongnam-do Jinju-si52851 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Anam-ro Seongbukgu Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Most lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have limited practical commercialization owing to extremely low S loading, insufficient cycle stability, and poor rate capability despite their high theoretical capacity. Herein, Li-S batteries with outstanding electrochemical performance under high S loading mass are achieved from hierarchical porous carbon nanoparticles (hPCNs) prepared via a scalable spray pyrolysis process. HPCNs are synthesized from organosilanol precursors, which contains phenyl and hydroxyl groups attached to silicon facilitating SiOxCy, SiO4, and carbon nanonetwork formations. SiOxCy and SiO4 phases can produce abundant micro- and mesopores, respectively, using template method. Consequently, hPCNs show high surface area (2789 m2 g-1) and pore volume (2.31 cm3 g-1) allowing large amount of sulfur to be accommodated efficiently. When hPCN is applied as a multifunctional sulfur host, micropores can suppress lithium polysulfide dissolution, whereas mesopores can accommodate a large amount of sulfur, improving the energy density of the Li-S battery. In addition, the carbon nanonetworks improve redox kinetics with excellent electrical conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion. Therefore, sulfur-infiltrated hPCNs show a high initial capacity of 1229 mA h g-1 and a capacity retention of 74% after 400 cycles at 1C rate. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spray pyrolysis

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Deep-Learning Recognition of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy: Quantifying and Mitigating the Influence of Gaussian Noises

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hanlei Bai, Jincheng Chen, Xiabo Li, Can Zhong, Chuanjian Fang, Jiye Zhou, Guangwen Advanced Materials Characterization Laboratory Materials Research Center Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65409 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York BinghamtonNY13902 United States Department of Chemistry State University of New York BinghamtonNY13902 United States

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is a powerful tool to reveal the morphologies and structures of materials, thereby attracting intensive interests from the scientific and industrial communities. The outstanding spatial (atomic level) and temporal (ms level) resolutions of the STEM techniques generate fruitful amounts of high-definition data, thereby enabling the high-volume and high-speed analysis of materials. On the other hand, processing of the big dataset generated by STEM is time-consuming and beyond the capability of human-based manual work, which urgently calls for computer-based automation. In this work, we present a deep-learning mask region-based neural network (Mask R-CNN) for the recognition of nanoparticles imaged by STEM, as well as generating the associated dimensional analysis. The Mask R-CNN model was tested on simulated STEM-HAADF results with different Gaussian noises, particle shapes and particle sizes, and the results indicated that Gaussian noise has determining influence on the accuracy of recognition. By applying Gaussian and Non-Local Means filters on the noise-containing STEM-HAADF results, the influences of noises are largely mitigated, and recognition accuracy is significantly improved. This filtering-recognition approach was further applied to experimental STEM-HAADF results, which yields satisfying accuracy compared with the traditional threshold methods. The deep-learning-based method developed in this work has great potentials in analysis of the complicated structures and large data generated by STEM-HAADF. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Gaussian noise (electronic)

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Influence of Fe substitution at Al-site on the microstructure and thermophysical properties of garnet-type (Y0.4Er0.6)3Al5O12 ceramics

引用

ceramics International 2025年

作者： Wang, Xuanli Wang, Jun Xie, Min Wang, Zhigang Zhang, Yonghe Song, Xiwen School of Materials Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Baotou014010 China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramic Material and Devices Baotou014010 China Ministry of Education Baotou014010 China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industry Group Co. Ltd. Baotou014010 China Department of Chemical Engineering Ordos Vocational College Ordos017000 China

In this study, a series of (Y0.4Er0.6)3(Al1-xFex)5O12 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) ceramics were prepared by solid phase synthesis. The effects of Fe doping on the phase structure, lattice occupancy, Raman shift, ionic valence state, micromorphology and thermophysical properties of the ceramics were systematically investigated. The results show that all the (Y0.4Er0.6)3(Al1-xFex)5O12 ceramics exhibit a single Y3Al5O12 phase and the valence state of iron is +3. With the increase of Fe doping concentration, both the lattice constant and cell volume gradually expand, which is attributed to the substitution of Al3+ (smaller ionic radius) by Fe3+ (larger ionic radius). This substitution induces lattice distortion that accelerates the sintering process, resulting in an increase in both ceramic density and grain size. In terms of thermophysical properties, significant improvements were observed compared to pure Y3Al5O12 and (Y0.4Er0.6)3Al5O12 ceramics. Specifically, thermal conductivity decreases, and the thermal expansion coefficient increases with higher Fe doping levels. The (Y0.4Er0.6)3(Al0.2Fe0.8)5O12 ceramic exhibits the lowest thermal conductivity (1.31 W/m·K at 1100 °C), approximately 11.5 % lower than that of (Y0.4Er0.6)3Al5O12 (1.48 W/m·K at 1100 °C). Additionally, (Y0.4Er0.6)3Fe5O12 ceramic demonstrates the highest coefficient of thermal expansion (11 × 10−6 K−1 at 1200 °C), which is around 36.3 % greater than that of (Y0.4Er0.6)3Al5O12 (8.07 × 10−6 K−1 at 1200 °C). © 2025

关键词： Sintering

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The Effect of air carbon arc gouging on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of AISI 316L submerged arc welds 11

The Effect of air carbon arc gouging on the mechanical and e...

引用

11th European Stainless Steel Conference science and Market, ESSC 2022 and 7th European Duplex Stainless Steel Conference and Exhibition, DUPLEX 2022

作者： Campesan, Gabriel Roberto de Bribean Guerra, Ana Paula Koga, Guilherme Yuuki Bolfarini, Claudemiro Federal University of São Carlos Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis São Carlos SP CEP 13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis São Carlos SP CEP 13565-905 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9788898990269

In the maintenance and manufacturing practices of equipment in the petrochemical industry, the air carbon arc gouging-ACG is used in the preparation of carbon steel joints to be repaired or joined by welding. However, the Standards impose several restrictions to the use of this cost-effective process to stainless steels. The main concern is the pick-up of carbon and sensitization of the steels against corrosion. Therefore, this paper aimed to evaluate the effect of ACG of AISI 316L steel on its electrochemical and mechanical properties. The repaired/welded joints were studied in three different situations, namely: i) any type of cleaning, ii) brushing and iii) machining after gouging. The 20-mm-thick plate was submerged arc welded. Different regions on cross-section of welds were inspected to assess the degree of sensitization by double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) method, and the risk of intergranular corrosion by oxalic acid etching tests. The electrochemical techniques and mechanical tests (only welded joints) such as tensile, hardness and impact measurements showed no impairing of such properties with the use of ACG, irrespective to the cleaning method used. © ESSC and DUPLEX 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Welds

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Study of Precipitates Formed During Solidification and Post-solidification Stage in Low-Sc Al-Mg-Sc Alloys

Study of Precipitates Formed During Solidification and Post-...

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Light Metals Symposium held at the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Nunes, Anderson Thadeu Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira Spinelli, José Eduardo Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São CarlosSP 13565-905 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar São CarlosSP 13565-905 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806759

Low-Sc (3Mg2 eutectic was identified in the intercellular/interdendritic regions of the alloys. The β-Al3Mg2 phase was detected in the micrographs of the three Al-Mg-Sc alloys, with more detailed observation in the fracture region of the AlMg3Sc0.1 alloy sample. The Al3Sc phase was identified forming isolated primary clusters during solidification in the AlMg5Sc0.1 and AlMg10Sc0.1 alloys. Nanometric Al3Sc p s with irregular shapes and dimensions smaller than 10 nm were identified in the AlMg5Sc0.1 alloy solidified at 0.7 K/s. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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Manufacturing of PEEK-PDMS Composite materials for Intervertebral Disc Implants

Manufacturing of PEEK-PDMS Composite Materials for Intervert...

引用

International Conference on Electronics Packaging (ICEP)

作者： Heng-ching Mie Yu-chen Liu Jun Mizuno Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Department of Mechanical Engineering National Cheng Kung University

ISBN: (数字)9784991191176

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385908

The current treatment approach for lower back pain caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration involves the use of PEEK (polyether ether ketone) polymer or titanium alloy based spinal cages to replace the degenerated IVD. However, this method not only restricts the natural mobility of the vertebrae but also fails to mimic the structure and function of the human IVD with a single material. Additionally, the use of high-hardness materials may lead to vertebral settling, further contributing to lower back pain. Therefore, this study is dedicated to utilizing high-biocompatibility polymer (PEEK and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)) composites to create an artificial IVD closely mimics the real intervertebral disc. Through adjusting the manufacture parameters, the proportion of PEEK and PDMS, and the porosity we were able to achieve the elastic modulus that is close to those of humans' IVD. Furthermore, the dual-layer structure can better replicate the functions and structure of human intervertebral disc then spinal cage.

关键词： Titanium alloys Pain Spine Implants Back Mechanical factors Manufacturing

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