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Spin-orbit-locked hyperbolic polariton vortices carrying reconfigurable topological charges

eLight 2022年第1期2卷 143-153页

作者： Mingsong Wang Guangwei Hu Saroj Chand Michele Cotrufo Yohannes Abate Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gabriele Grosso Cheng‑Wei Qiu Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew York CityNY 10031USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 116083Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305‑0044Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaIbaraki 305‑0044Japan Physics Program Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10016USA

The topological features of optical vortices have been opening opportunities for free-space and on-chip photonic technologies,e.g.,for multiplexed optical communications and robust information *** a parallel but disjoint effort,polar anisotropic van der Waals nanomaterials supporting hyperbolic phonon polaritons(HP2s)have been leveraged to drastically boost light-matter *** far HP2 studies have been mainly focusing on the control of their amplitude and scale *** we report the generation and observation of mid-infrared hyperbolic polariton vortices(HP2Vs)associated with reconfigurable topological ***-shaped gold disks coated with a flake of hexagonal boron nitride are exploited to tailor spin-orbit interactions and realise deeply subwavelength *** complex interplay between excitation spin,spiral geometry and HP2 dispersion enables robust reconfigurability of the associated topological *** results reveal unique opportunities to extend the application of HP2s into topological photonics,quantum information processing by integrating these phenomena with single-photon emitters,robust on-chip optical applications,sensing and nanoparticle manipulation.

关键词： Hyperbolic polariton vortex Light-matter interactions Spin-orbit interaction Topological charge Reconfigurability

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Effect of Ultrasound and Mixing of Folate and Trastuzumab Liposomes on DOX Release and Cellular Uptake

Effect of Ultrasound and Mixing of Folate and Trastuzumab Li...

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IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and engineering (NANOMED)

作者： Nour M. AlSawaftah Willian G. Pitt Ghaleb A. Husseini Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Brigham Young University Provo Utah United States Chemical and Biological Engineering Department College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9798331516994

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517007

This study explores the potential of physically mixing individually targeted Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded liposomes functionalized with folic acid (FA) and trastuzumab (TRA), combined with ultrasound (US) triggering, to enhance targeted breast cancer therapy. This research focused on synthesizing, characterizing, and evaluating DOX release, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity of FA-PEG and TRA-PEG-modified liposomes mixed at different volume fractions. Low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) were employed to trigger DOX release. The study demonstrated that the sonicated-physically-mixed liposomes showed superior release performance (specifically the M75 group) and increased cellular uptake (specifically the M25 group) compared to individually targeted liposomes, highlighting their combined potential in breast cancer treatment.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging Medical treatment Breast cancer Drug delivery

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Machine Learning for Identifying Grain Boundaries in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Images of Nanoparticle Superlattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Paruchuri, Aanish Thrasher, Carl Hart, A.J. Macfarlane, Robert Jayaraman, Arthi Science in Data Science Program University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy St NewarkDE19713 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States Data Science Institute University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States

Nanoparticle superlattices consisting of ordered arrangements of nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, magnetic, and electronic properties arising from nanoparticle characteristics as well as their collective behaviors. Understanding how processing conditions influence the nanoscale arrangement and microstructure is critical for engineering materials with desired macroscopic properties. Microstructural features such as grain boundaries, lattice defects, and pores significantly affect these properties but are challenging to quantify using traditional manual analyses as they are labor-intensive and prone to errors. In this work, we present a machine learning workflow for automating grain segmentation in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of nanoparticle superlattices. This workflow integrates signal processing techniques, such as Radon transforms, with unsupervised learning methods like agglomerative hierarchical clustering to identify and segment grains without requiring manually annotated data. In the workflow we transform the raw pixel data into explainable numerical representation of superlattice orientations for clustering. Benchmarking results demonstrate the workflow's robustness against noisy images and edge cases, with a processing speed of four images per minute on standard computational hardware. This efficiency makes the workflow scalable to large datasets and makes it a valuable tool for integrating data-driven models into decision-making processes for material design and analysis. For example, one can use this workflow to quantify grain size distributions at varying processing conditions like temperature and pressure and using that knowledge adjust processing conditions to achieve desired superlattice orientations and grain sizes. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Computational inverse design of acoustoplasmonic metasurfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Holland, Julia E. Boechler, Nicholas Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering UC La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0021 United States Program in Materials Science & Engineering UC La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0021 United States

Optical and acoustic metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength elements that locally modulate or phase shift incident waves. Acoustoplasmonic metasurfaces combine the physics of light and sound, producing acoustic wavefronts in response to optical stimuli. Herein, we present a computational inverse acoustoplasmonic metasurface design algorithm for desired optically-generated acoustic wave fields. We consider gold nanoparticles producing spherical acoustic waves in water, and the resulting acoustic wave propagation along the plane containing the nanoparticle array. We demonstrate how our algorithm can be used to design metasurfaces that can be used to achieve complex acoustic wave fields. This includes the design of a single metasurface that produces acoustic wave fields mimicking two different Morse code patterns upon stimulation with two orthogonal polarization states of light. This work provides a new tool for the design of complex optically generated acoustic wavefronts, enabling functionality beyond what would be achievable with off-optical-resonance optoacoustic excitation. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic wave propagation

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Uncertainty and Irreproducibility of Triboelectricity Based on Interface Mechanochemistry

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第16期131卷 166201-166201页

作者： Giulio Fatti Hyunseung Kim Changwan Sohn Minah Park Yeong-won Lim Zhuohan Li Kwi-Il Park Izabela Szlufarska Hyunseok Ko Chang Kyu Jeong Sung Beom Cho Center of Materials Digitalization Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology (KICET) Jinju Gyeongsangnam-do 52851 Republic of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering of Graduate School and Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706-1595 USA Department of JBNU-KIST Industry-Academia Convergence Research Jeonbuk National University Jeonju Jeonbuk 54896 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ajou University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16499 Republic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16499 Republic of Korea

Triboelectrification mechanism is still not understood, despite centuries of investigations. Here, we propose a model showing that mechanochemistry is key to elucidate triboelectrification fundamental properties. Studying contact between gold and silicate glasses, we observe that the experimental triboelectric output is subject to large variations and polarity inversions. First principles analysis shows that electronic transfer is activated by mechanochemistry and the tribopolarity is determined by the termination exposed to contact, depending on the material composition, which can result in different charging at the macroscale. The electron transfer mechanism is driven by the interface barrier dynamics, regulated by mechanical forces. The model provides a unified framework to explain several experimental observations, including the systematic variations in the triboelectric output and the mixed positive-negative “mosaic” charging patterns, and paves the way to the theoretical prediction of the triboelectric properties.

关键词： Composition Pressure effects Surface & interfacial phenomena Tribology Dielectrics Solid-solid interfaces Density functional theory First-principles calculations

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Effect of an antiferromagnetic order on tailoring Dzyaloshinskii- Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/IrMn trilayer

Effect of an antiferromagnetic order on tailoring Dzyaloshin...

引用

Magnetic Conference - Short Papers (INTERMAG Short Papers), IEEE International

作者： Sheng-Huai Chen Chao-Yao Yang Chih-Huang Lai Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Antiferromagnet (AFM) has currently participated in the spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) technolopgy due to its great potential to be applied to the field-free SOT switching and promote the thermal stability of MRAM. However, effect of the introduction of AFM into the basic structure of SOT-MRAM composed of a heavy metal/ferromagnet (FM) bilayer was still not comprehensively understood. This work reports the effect of how an antiferromagnetic (AFM) order modifies the strength of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in a heavy metal (Pt)/FM (Co)/AFM (IrMn) trilayer, studied by SOT switching and loop-shift method. Increasing the AFM order reflected on exchange bias (H ex ) through increasing the thickness of IrMn appears to significantly reduce the DMI strength of the trilayer, which leads to the reduction of the external field for yielding a complete SOT switching. The reduced DMI strength may ascribe to the Hex-hosted uni-directional anisotropy suppressing the neighboring spin canting in the FM layer. This stabilization for the magnetic moments via the H ex -hosted uni-directional anisotropy also improved the stability of SOT switching on the random read/write characterization, in which the strong AFM order would promote the memristivity for neuromorphic application and the weak AFM order would give rise to the stochasticity for the purpose of physically unclonable functionality. This work demonstrates the significance of an intrinsic tuning over the AFM order would serve as a switch to turn the SOT device into a stochastic/memristive cell to bridge probabilistic and neuromorphic computing.

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Detailed dynamics of a moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in MnSi observed using small-angle neutron scattering under an alternating electric current flow

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Physical Review B 2024年第1期110卷 014431-014431页

作者： D. Okuyama M. Bleuel Q. Ye J. Krzywon N. Nagaosa A. Kikkawa Y. Taguchi Y. Tokura J. D. Reim Y. Nambu T. J. Sato Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Institute of Materials Structure Science (IMSS) National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg Maryland 20899-8562 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering (CEMS) Wako 351-0198 Japan Fundamental Quantum Science Program TRIP Headquarters RIKEN Wako 351-0198 Japan Tokyo College and Department of Applied Physics (IMR) Organization for Advanced Studies FOREST

Lattice formation of swirling textures is ubiquitous in solid-state materials, such as a magnetic skyrmion lattice in chiral magnets. In the magnetic skyrmion lattices, their moving states and dynamics under external perturbations are still unrevealed, although a detailed understanding of the dynamics is crucial to realizing spintronic applications, such as magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory [Parkin et al., science 320, 190 (2008); Fert et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 8, 152 (2013)]. Here, we report in detail on the transient state of a moving magnetic skyrmion lattice in bulk single-crystalline MnSi under alternating current (AC) using small-angle neutron scattering. A rotation and concomitant broadening of the spot width in the azimuthal direction of the magnetic skyrmion reflections originating from the plastic deformation of the magnetic skyrmion lattice were found only at low AC frequencies [Okuyama et al., Commun. Phys. 2, 79 (2019)], whereas above the threshold AC frequency (ft∼0.12Hz) the rotation was not observed, and the spot width becomes sharper. The observed complex response of the magnetic skyrmion reflections can be explained by the change in dislocation density in the magnetic skyrmion lattice. At frequencies higher than ft, the magnetic skyrmions oscillate removing the dislocations, indicating that the dislocation density is controlled by the AC frequency.

关键词： Magnetic texture Topological defects Chiral magnets Neutron diffraction

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Stiffness of In-Situ Formed Interleaving Polymeric Nanofiber-Epoxy Nanocomposites

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Open Journal of Composite materials 2024年第4期14卷 147-157页

作者： Farzin Javanshour Kaan Bilge Abdul Bari Abdul Raheman Melih Papila VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Tampere Finland Insight Technology Development and Consultancy Kozyata Istanbul Trkiye Materials Science & Nano Engineering Program Sabanci University Istanbul Trkiye Department of Mechanical Engineering California State University Northridge Northridge USA

This study proposes a facile, but precise method to back-calculate the effective modulus of nanocomposite interleaving plies. Adaptation of a conventional dry-reinforcement resin film infusion (RFI) approach allows interleaving neat epoxy layers (NE) with the epoxy-infused nanofibrous plies (XE) of constant thickness. The final cured nanocomposite laminate thus has the form (NE/XE)n, where “n” denotes the number of the repeats and enables clear distinction of the nanocomposite interlayers through the thickness. Mechanical testing of neat epoxy and laminated nanocomposite specimens can be coupled with the classical lamination theory for back-calculating in-plane elastic modulus of the individual epoxy-infused nanofibrous plies (EXE). Finite element analysis (FEA) and testing the laminated nanocomposite subject to flexural loading (3-point bending) are proposed to validate the analytically back-calculated EXE. It is shown that the FEA prediction incorporating EXE and testing for flexural modulus of (NE/XE)20 laminated nanocomposites correlate well and the results are within 5%. This finding suggests that the back-calculation scheme reported herein would be attractive for accurately determining the properties of an individual nanocomposite building block layer. The proposed framework is beneficial for modelling laminated structural composites incorporating XE-like nanocomposite interlayers.

关键词： Lamination Theory Resin Film Infusion Electrospun Nanofibers Mechanical Properties

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The effects of growth environments on WS2 in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 2024年 185卷

作者： Chang, Yung-Huang Huang, Chien-Sheng Chen, Yuan-Tsung Chiang, Chia-Yu Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) recently have attracted much attention because of their outstanding catalytic activity, low cost, and earth abundance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Among these TMDs, MoS2 and WS2 are recognized as promising HER electrocatalysts and have been explored to be one of the candidates for replacing precious metals. In this work, the electrocatalytic activity of WS2 grown in Ar-only, Ar + H2, and ambient environments were studied, where the WS2 was synthesized by thermolysis from (NH4)2WS4 precursor. Different surface morphologies are shown under the different growth atmospheres. The structures of pure WS2, WS2 and WO3 mixed, and almost WO3 were prepared in different growth atmospheres of Ar-only, Ar + H2, and ambient environment, respectively. All the materials prepared in these different environments exhibit high crystalline characteristic. Especially, the pure WS2 grown in an Ar-only environment presents the preferred (103) lattice plane. The pure WS2 performs the best H2 evolution efficiency, indicating that high crystallinity and preferred (103) lattice plane could be relative to the electrocatalytic activity. The studies provide fundamental insight for further design and preparation of electrocatalysts, useful in the development of clean energy. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Electrocatalysts

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Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging for Radiotherapy Treatment Monitoring in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging for Radiotherapy Treatment Mon...

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CLEO: Applications and Technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Chakraborty, Debamitra Mills, Bradley N. Cheng, Jing Komissarov, Ivan Gerber, Scott Sobolewski, Roman Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester RochesterNY14623-1299 United States Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center RochesterNY14642 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627-0231 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

Terahertz time-domain imaging was performed of stereotactic body radiotherapy-treated murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with a high spatial resolution. To generate 2D maps of the tissue samples, the refractive index and absorption coefficient were used as imaging markers extracted with the maximum a-posteriori probability (MAP) estimation algorithm. The results were then compared with the terahertz maps of untreated murine PDAC tissue samples and demonstrated that terahertz imaging can probe physical changes with high sensitivity in the tissue post treatment. © Optica Publishing Group 2024, © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Tissue

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