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ACS Electrochemistry 2024年第3期1卷 328-337页

作者： Yousef A. Alsunni Abdulaziz W. Alherz Charles B. Musgrave Chemical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia；Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Petroleum Kuwait University Safat 13060 Kuwait Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States；Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States；Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States

Grand canonical density functional theory (GC-DFT) was employed to model the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2(CO2R) to CO by single titanium atom nitrogen-doped graphene, referred to as Ti@4N-Gr. Previous GC-DFT thermodynamic investigations have identified Ti@4N-Gr as a promising CO2R catalyst; however, no in-depth studies have examined it. In this study, we analyze activation energies of the elementary steps at various applied potentials in addition to thermodynamics of CO2R to CO catalyzed by Ti@xN-Gr defects. Reaction intermediates are predicted to be destabilized when Ti is coordinated to fewer N atoms. Based on reaction thermodynamics, Ti@4N-Gr and all defect configurations are predicted to be potentially promising catalysts for CO2R to CO at an applied potential of −0.7 VSHEwhile at −0.3 and −1.2 VSHEthe reaction is predicted to be hindered by relatively large grand free energy differences between intermediates. We propose a criterion to identify optimum applied potentials for CO2R to CO based on the potential of zero charge (PZC) of the reaction intermediates and the contention that the optimum applied potential for CO2R to CO lies in the rangePZC*CO

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Water Distillation-Advances, Challenges & Future Directions: A Brief Review

Water Distillation-Advances, Challenges & Future Directions:...

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Remilekun R. Elewa Temitayo S. Ogedengbe Olawale Charles Ogunnigbo Sunday A. Afolalu Moses E. Emetere Adediran A.A Oluwatoyin Augustine Ojo Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Nile University of Nigeria Abuja Department of Mechanical Science University Johannesburg South Africa Physics Program. Bowen University Iwo Osun State Nigeria Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Federal University Ekiti Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

Every human being has the basic need for clean drinking water, however 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have access to it. While there are other methods for purifying water, including filtration, reverse osmosis, UV light, and carbon absorption, but distillation and boiling are the most dependable. Distillation is a vital method of purifying water, particularly in areas where tap water or water resources are unfit for human consumption without chemical or heating treatment. This review discusses the recent advances in water distillation. The techniques employed and challenges involved have also been discussed. Finally, the future direction of technology in this regard has been reviewed.

关键词： Humanities Heat treatment Reviews Purification Filtration Water heating Production Reverse osmosis Water resources Chemicals

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Highly Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor at Extremely High-Temperature Range Using Ultrawide-Bandgap III-N Thin Films

Highly Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor at Extremely H...

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IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Nam-In Kim Miad Yarali Muhammad Aqib Jae-Hyun Ryou Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Center for Superconductivity at UH Advanced Manufacturing Institute University of Houston USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston USA

Pressure monitoring in extreme conditions, such as in industrial, aerospace, and radioactive atmosphere, is crucial. Our focus is on developing and researching piezoelectric sensors that are highly flexible for detecting gas pressures at extremely high temperatures. We develop the flexible device using epitaxial III -nitride film, which is single-crystalline, by layer-transfer method. The sensor shows a sensitive and stable operation for extended periods. We use software simulation and relevant formulas to support our experimental findings.

关键词： Temperature sensors Pressure sensors X-ray scattering Sensor phenomena and characterization Software Semiconductor process modeling III-V semiconductor materials

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Cutting corners to suppress high-order modes in Mie resonator arrays

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Haddadin, Zaid Khan, Shahrose Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering UC San Diego United States Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering UC San Diego United States Materials Science & Engineering Program UC San Diego United States

Mie resonators as lattice resonant metasurfaces have the capability to produce structural colour. However, design criteria for these metasurfaces are still being investigated. In this work, we numerically examine how the two-dimensional nanostructure shape in a lattice array affects the colorimetric response of the metasurface under linearly polarised light excitation. First, the transformation from a square-shaped to rectangle-shaped nanostructure array resulted in polarisation-sensitive metasurfaces with colorimetric outputs bound along a line on the CIE 1931 2-degree Standard Observer colour space. The bounds of the colorimetry line were tuneable to any desired chromatic range. Second, the removal of the corners in square- or rectangle-shaped nanostructures to create t-shaped nanostructure arrays displayed a dampening effect on the high-order resonance. Finally, we analytically determined that the colour saturation could increase when moving from rectangle-shaped to t-shaped nanostructure arrays. From these results, we present two design guidelines for lattice resonant metasurfaces: (1) Constructing the nanostructure to support fundamental resonances at different wavelengths enables two-colour-bound movement when excited by successive angles of linearly polarised light;(2) Removing portions of the nanostructure that only support high-order resonances dampens these modes while maintaining support for fundamental resonances. These results present first-principles guidelines for engineering nanoparticles in lattice resonant metasurfaces, offering a new toolbox for polarised-light sensing and colorimetric applications. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanostructures

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Perspective on descriptors of mechanical behavior of cubic transition-metal carbides and nitrides

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kindlund, Hanna Ciobanu, Theodora Kodambaka, Suneel Ciobanu, Cristian V. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University BlacksburgVA24061 United States University of Notre Dame College of Arts and Letters Notre DameIN46556 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States

Cubic rocksalt structured transition-metal carbides, nitrides (TMC/Ns), and related alloys, are attractive for a wide variety of applications, notably as hard, wear-resistant materials. To-date, valence electron concentration (VEC) is used as a good indicator of stability and mechanical properties of these refractory compounds. In this perspective, we argue for the need of electronic descriptors beyond VEC to explain and predict the mechanical behavior of the cubic TMC/Ns. As such, we point out that descriptors that highlight differences between constituents, along with semi-empirical models of mechanical properties, have been underused. Additionally, it appears promising to partition VEC into contribution to ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds and we suggest that such partition could provide more insights into predicting mechanical properties in the future. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nitrides

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Process Optimization and Scaling of Molybdenum and Tungsten in Additive Manufacturing Techniques

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Islam, Zahabul Kunkel, William Hatler, Caleb Thoma, Dan J. Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Program School of Engineering Bowling Green State University Bowling GreenOH43403 United States Alloy Design and Development Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin MadisonWI53706 United States

Metal additive manufacturing processes pose a daunting challenge in defining optimal process parameters that yield porosity defect-free, dense parts. This is particularly true in refractory metals, where high melting temperatures limit process parameter windows. This present study investigates a dimensionless number analysis that has been derived through the Buckingham-PI theorem and demonstrates a robust correlation between process parameters and the density of the fabricated components. The introduction of this dimensionless number enables the initial estimation of process parameters without extensive modeling or experimentation. Additionally, a universal scaling law is proposed to enhance the translation of predicting process parameters for achieving an optimal density in as-built parts between different processing techniques. A combination of this proposed dimensionless number and scaling law offers process maps for tungsten and molybdenum with previously unknown process parameters. The universality of the proposed dimensionless number also demonstrates transferability, enabling the prediction of process parameters both for laser powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition systems. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printing

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Diving into COVID-19: Visualizing SARS-CoV-2 Patient Proteins using Liquid-Electron Microscopy

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 662-664页

作者： Berry, Samantha DiCecco, Liza-Anastasia Gray, Jennifer Boylan, Jack Solares, Maria Kelly, Deborah F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Materials Research Institute Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Molecular Cellular Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States

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A review on material extrusion additive manufacturing of polycarbonate-based blends and composites: Process-structure–property relationships

SPE Polymers

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SPE Polymers 2025年第2期6卷

作者： Rashidi Mehrabadi, Nima Pircheraghi, Gholamreza Ghasemkhani, Ali Hosseinpour Sanati, Parsa Shahidizadeh, Alireza Kaviani, Alireza Sinha Ray, Suprakas Polymeric Materials Research Group (PMRG) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Ceramic and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Council for Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR Pretoria South Africa Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

Polycarbonate (PC) is a valuable engineering polymer with numerous technical characteristics like desirable mechanical properties, high heat resistance, chemical resistance, optical clarity, and electrical insulation capabilities. Therefore, it finds extensive use in aerospace, automotive, consumer goods, optics, medical devices, and electronics. materials extrusion additive manufacturing offers several advantages, such as customized geometry, minimal material waste, cost-effectiveness, and ease of material modification. Accordingly, PC has recently emerged as a robust and durable additive manufacturing material. This review aims to investigate how printing parameters in materials extrusion additive manufacturing affect the properties of PC and PC-based materials, with a specific emphasis on mechanical properties. The main drawbacks associated with pure PC filaments, like high print temperatures, warping tendencies, and a propensity to retract during printing, are also discussed. Considering the significant demand for developing PC blends and composites tailored for application in material-extrusion additive manufacturing, the influence of different types of fillers, including polymeric, metallic, and ceramic, on improving the mechanical behavior is then reviewed. This paper explores the diverse applications of additively manufactured PC parts, especially within advanced areas like aerospace, electrical engineering, and medicine. Lastly, prospects and challenges are presented in the review. Highlights: PC is a key engineering polymer for extrusion 3D printing. Printing parameters affect the quality and strength of polycarbonate parts. Various fillers adjust polycarbonate-based composites' mechanical properties. High temperatures, warping, and retraction are major 3D printing challenges. 3D-printed PC composites can be used in a variety of applications. © 2025 The Author(s). SPE Polymers published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Plastics Engineers.

关键词： additive manufacturing material extrusion mechanical properties polycarbonate process parameters

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Inclusive STEAM education in diverse disciplines of sustainable energy and AI

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Energy and AI 2022年第1期7卷 43-47页

作者： Michelle Skowronek Renée M.Gilberti Michael Petro Christopher Sancomb Stacy Maddern Jasna Jankovic Urban and Community Studies University of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States McNair Scholars Program Center for Academic ProgramsInstitute for Student SuccessUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation Institute for Student SuccessUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Industrial Design Department of Art and Art HistorySchool of Fine ArtsUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Materials Science and Engineering Department Center for Clean Energy Engineering and Institute for Materials ScienceUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States

This perspective article explores challenges of traditional education in science,technology,engineering and math(STEM)as it relates to emerging sustainable energy and artificial intelligence development.A special perspective is given for education of underrepresented and minority students in *** discuss the existing issues and suggest that,for an equitable sustainable education in the area of energy,artificial intelligence and sustainable society in general,science and technology knowledge should be acquired in conjunction with humanities and arts,through a multidisciplinary STEM+Art(STEAM)approach and special programming that supports inclusion of diverse professional,socio-economical,racial and gender *** underscore that infusing technical training with social sciences,arts,ethics,and business prepares future leaders to creatively participate in solving identifiable barriers towards a sustainable *** these are challenges caused by climate change,social tensions,or systematic inequalities,such holistic and sustainable education has the power to ease complex global crises,empower and dignify all people,as well as interrupt environmental degradation.

关键词： STEM STEAM Sustainability Energy AI

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Approach to nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) melt: Effect of gamma-ray

SPE Polymers

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SPE Polymers 2021年第1期2卷 50-61页

作者： Chang, Yuan-Hsiang Zhang, Yulin Chiang, Donyau Yang, Fuqian Lee, Sanboh Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Materials Program Department of Chemical and Materials Program University of Kentucky Lexington KY United States Taiwan Instrument Research Institute National Applied Research Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan

Understanding the effect of gamma-ray irradiation on the nonisothermal crystallization of polymer during cooling is of practical importance for the applications and manufacturing of crystallized polymer. In this work, we expose poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP) to gamma-ray with different irradiation doses and study the crystallization of the gamma-ray irradiated PMPs. All the PMPs exhibit a doublet peak in the differential scanning calorimeter thermograms for the cooling rates in a range of 2.5–20°C/min. We use linear superposition of two inverse Gaussian functions to decompose the doublet peak into two individual peaks and analyze the crystallization kinetics of the crystallization processes associated with individual peaks. The Avrami exponent decreases with the decrease of the crystallization temperature and is in a range of 0.96–2.43 for the crystallization near the melting point and a range of 0.72–1.68 for the crystallization away the melting temperature. The activation energy for the crystallization near the melting temperature decreases with the increase of the irradiation dose. For the crystallization away from the melting temperature, the activation energy for the PMPs without gamma-ray irradiation is smallest. © 2021 The Authors. SPE Polymers published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of Society of Plastics Engineers.

关键词： activation energy crystallization doublet peak gamma-ray irradiation poly(4-methyl-1-pentene)

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