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Breaking boundaries in optical manipulation:beyond Nobel-Prize-winning tweezers

Photonics Insights 2023年第2期2卷 1-2页

作者： Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara Yuebing Zheng Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinUSA Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinUSA

Richard Feynman’s famous 1959 lecture“There is plenty of room at the bottom”inspired scientists and engineers to focus on manipulating matter at the nanoscale[1].Optical tweezers,groundbreaking tools that use light to trap and move small particles with nanoscale precision,have revolutionized many fields such as materials science,biology,physics,and nanotechnology[2,3].For example,optical tweezers have enabled researchers to investigate the mechanical properties of biological molecules,study the behavior of colloidal suspensions,explore the movement of motor proteins,and investigate the directed assembly of nanoscale structures[4–6].

关键词： plenty breaking optical

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Mechanical and radiation shielding properties of Philippine natural zeolite-mixed concrete

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Radiation Physics and Chemistry 2025年 236卷

作者： Rosero, Maria Cecilia SB. Grande, Marianna Lourdes Marie L. Inocencio, Eric M. Gili, Mon Bryan Z. Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics – University of the Philippines Manila Ermita Manila1000 Philippines Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Nuclear Research Institute Commonwealth Avenue Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Medical Imaging Department Las Piñas General Hospital and Satellite Trauma Center Las Piñas City1742 Philippines Materials Science and Engineering Program College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines

This study investigated the mechanical and radiation shielding properties of Philippine natural zeolite (PNZ)-mixed concrete as a potential sustainable alternative to traditional cement in radiation shielding applications. Concrete mixtures with 0 %, 20 %, and 40 % PNZ replacement were tested for compressive strength, split tensile strength, and radiation shielding efficiency against X-ray and gamma radiation. The specific density of the control sample (pure concrete) is 1.75 g/cm3 while the concrete with 20 % and 40 % cement replacements were 1.62 and 1.61 g/cm3, respectively. Results showed that the 40 % PNZ mixture exhibited the highest mechanical strength, with a 400 % increase in the average compressive strength from the pure concrete mixture, attributed to the pozzolanic reaction between zeolite and calcium hydroxide. The 20 % PNZ mixture demonstrated the best radiation shielding performance, achieving the highest linear attenuation coefficients of 0.623, 0.433, 0.421, and 0.167 cm−1 at 65, 100, 118, and 662 keV, respectively. As a result, the concrete with 20 % cement replacement also exhibited the highest mass attenuation coefficients at these energies. The total atomic cross-section followed the trend 0 % > 20 % > 40 %, with the control sample having the lowest mean free path (MFP) and half-value layer (HVL) at lower energies. Experimental and simulation results confirmed that the 20 % PNZ mixture offers an optimal balance between mechanical strength and radiation shielding while promoting sustainability by reducing cement usage. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Reactor shielding

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Subwavelength-Engineered Antislot Photonic Crystals in a Silicon Photonics Foundry for On-chip Communications

Subwavelength-Engineered Antislot Photonic Crystals in a Sil...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Kellen P. Arnold Joshua A. Allen Sami I. Halimi Landen D. Ryder Francis O. Afzal Yusheng Bian Abdelsalam Aboketaf Takako Hirokawa Kevin Dezfulian Michal Rakowski Rod Augur Karen Nummy Sharon M. Weiss Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD US GlobalFoundries Malta NY USA

We report scalable foundry fabrication and characterization of photonic crystal nanobeam waveguides incorporating subwavelength-scale dielectric antislot unit cells. This work enables enhanced light-matter interaction... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Mach-Zehnder interferometers Optical device fabrication Photonic crystals Waveguide lasers Lasers and electrooptics Electro-optic modulators Silicon photonics Foundries System-on-chip Electro-optical waveguides

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Performance comparison of InGaN-based 40–80 μm micro-LEDs fabricated with and without plasma etching

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materials Today Advances 2024年 22卷

作者： Lo, Yu-Yun Chen, Yi-Ho Hsu, Yun-Cheng Lee, Tzu-Yi Hung, Yu-Ying Kao, Yu-Cheng Zan, Hsiao-Wen Wuu, Dong- Sing Kuo, Hao-Chung Samukawa, Seiji Horng, Ray-Hua Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The fabrication of InGaN-based blue 4✕4 array micro-LEDs (μLEDs) with 40 μm ✕40 μm chip size and 2✕2 array μLEDs with 80 μm ✕80 μm chip size etching by the inductive coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICPRIE) and defect-free neutral beam etching (NBE) processes was studied in this work. In μLEDs of this size, the influence of defects formation in the sidewalls on EQE was evaluated. There was almost no difference in EQE between μLEDs array etched by the NBE process no matter 40 μm ✕40 μm and 80 μm ✕80 μm, but the dependence was observed in the ICPRIE. Even with this size, it was found that the size effect of EQE is smaller than that in case of using ICPRIE for defect-free neutral beam etching. This impact is substantial since μLED predominantly operated at low current density, around 1–5 A/cm2. Consequently, the reduction of defect density, encompassing both internal and sidewall defects, becomes imperative even in 40–80 μm InGaN-based μLEDs. This not only improves the overall efficiency of μLEDs but also fortifies the brightness stability of μLED displays if process etching by NBE. It was also found that the etching shape had an influence on EQE. It could be attributed to fact that the etching profile angle of NBE was more vertical than that of ICPRIE. Because the different angles of the mesa resulted in different light intensity. The μLEDs emitting with a wavelength of 450 nm, the light extraction efficiency and intensity at a mesa angle 58° of NBE etching μLEDs was about 8% lower than those of an angle (38°) of ICPRIE etching μLEDs by simulation. © The Authors

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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Potential of caffeic acid as an effective natural antioxidant for polypropylene-polyethylene copolymers: A DFT and experimental study

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Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2024年 9卷

作者： Hernández Fernández, Joaquín Alejandro Ortiz Paternina, Katherine Liset López Martínez, Juan Chemistry Program Department of Natural and Exact Sciences University of Cartagena Chemical Engineering Program School of Engineering Universidad Tecnológica de Bolivar Parque Industrial y Tecnológico Carlos Velez Pombo Department of Natural and Exact Science Universidad de la Costa Polytechnical University of Valencia (UPV) Institute of Materials Technology (ITM)

Caffeic acid (CAF) i is a polyphenolic compound commonly found in plants, valued for its ability to act as an antioxidant. This study focused on investigating the impact of a natural antioxidant, specifically caffeic acid (CAF), compared to two synthetic antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), on the thermal stability of propylene/ethylene copolymer (C-PP/PE), Aiming to establish a theoretical framework for the advancement of novel polymeric antioxidant compounds. Theoretical calculations were conducted to determine each compound's thermodynamic properties and antioxidant activity. The phenolic hydroxyl bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) values revealed that BHA had the lowest value (325.6 kJ mol⁻¹), trailed by CAF (328.2 kJ mol⁻¹) and BHT (341.3 kJ mol⁻¹), indicating a higher electron-donating capacity of BHA. Transition energy (TS) calculations indicated that BHA had the lowest TS energy (49.29 kJ mol⁻¹), succeeded by CAF (57.61 kJ mol⁻¹) and then BHT (75.57 kJ mol⁻¹), suggesting greater efficiency in radical scavenging. Additionally, the obtained rate constants showed that CAF had the highest hydrogen abstraction rate (k = 1.05 × 10⁵ M⁻¹ s⁻¹), followed by BHA (k = 1.17 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ s⁻¹), and then BHT (k = 4.2 × 10³ M⁻¹ s⁻¹). These results support the effectiveness of CAF as a potentially more active antioxidant. In the experimental part of this study, it was observed that C-PP/PE with BHA showed a lower melt flow index (MFI) (8.51), indicating more excellent thermal stability. On the other hand, samples containing natural caffeic acid extracts exhibited a gradual decrease in MFI with increasing CAF concentration (MFI of 9.4, 8.82, 7.59, 6.44, and 5.98 for concentrations of 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, and 0.125 ppm, respectively), suggesting a progressive improvement in the thermal stability of C-PP/PE

关键词： Activation energy Antioxidant Bond dissociation energy Caffeic acid MFI Stability

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Intermetallic Compound Formation and Growth Behavior Between Ruthenium and Tin System

Intermetallic Compound Formation and Growth Behavior Between...

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International Conference on Electronics Packaging (ICEP)

作者： Hsiu-mei Yang Tzu-hsuan Huang Yu-hsuan Lin Min-cian Chen Shih-kang Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Program on Semiconductor Packaging and Testing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9784991191190

ISBN: (纸本)9798331514747

This study investigates the liquid/solid reflow process under a vacuum environment of 1 Pa at reflow temperatures of 300°C for different reaction times. The research finds that at the Sn/Ru interface, during 300°C reflow for 24 hours, the RU 3 Sn 7 intermetallic compound was formed. As the reflow time increases, the IMC thickness increases. This study provides a fundamental understanding of the interfacial reactions between Sn and Ru. The mechanisms of the interfacial reactions and the growth kinetics of the intermetallic compounds (IMC) will be revealed through phase diagrams, thermodynamics, and kinetic analysis.

关键词： Thermodynamics Ruthenium Tin Atoms Kinetic theory Intermetallic Compounds Microstructure Substrates Electronics packaging

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Investigation of different membrane porosities on the permeate flux of direct contact membrane distillation 6th

Investigation of different membrane porosities on the permea...

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6th International Conference on Composite materials and Material engineering, ICCMME 2021

作者： Elrasheedy, Asmaa Rabie, Mohammed Elshazly, Ahmed Bassyouni, Mohamed El-Moneim, Ahmed Abd Kady, Marwa El Alexandria21934 Egypt Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Port Said University Port Said42526 Egypt Mechanical Power Engineering Department Mansoura University El-Mansoura35516 Egypt Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria21544 Egypt Materials Science Program Zewail University of Science and Technology City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza12578 Egypt Materials Science and Engineering Department Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology NewBorg El-Arab Alexandria21934 Egypt Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology New Borg El-Arab Alexandria21934 Egypt Borg El-Arab City Alexandria21934 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9783035718195

In the present study the surface morphology of electrospun fibers at different polystyrene (PS) solution concentration was studied by SEM imaging to determine the best PS solution concentration yielding continuous uniform beadles fibers. Contact angle measurements of the optimum fabricated PS-18 membrane confirmed the super hydrophobic property of the membrane that exhibited a static water contact angle of 145o . Numerical investigation of the performance of PS-18 membrane at different membrane thicknesses and porosities on direct contact membrane distillation showed that increasing the membrane porosity increases the permeate flux considerably. © 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Polystyrenes

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Novel Dopamine-Derived Carbon Modified Fe-Based Metal-Organic Framework Enhanced Aptasensor Rendering Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Oxytetracycline

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Song, Jialing Fan, Xiaoxuan Ee, Liang Ying Lin, Xuanhao Li, Sam Fong Yau Huang, Manhong Singapore Donghua University China Shanghai University College of Science Department of Chemistry International Joint Laboratory Catalyst Chemistry Shanghai200444 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry Donghua University Shanghai201620 China National University of Singapore Department of Chemistry 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore117543 Singapore Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute T Lab Building 5A Engineering Drive 1 Singapore117411 Singapore

In the present work, an aptasensor with dual binding sites based on Au NPs modified with self-polymerized polydopamine (PDA) and Fe-MOF is successfully constructed. In terms of standard electron transfer, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis showcases a rate constant (ks) of 96.0 s-1, signifying an exceptional electron transfer rate of oxytetracycline at the sensor interface of Apt/Au@PDA@NH2-MIL-101(Fe)/GCE. Further deepening the investigation into electrochemical kinetics using chronoamperometry (CA), we investigated the electrocatalytic parameters (Kcat) of Au@PDA@NH2-MIL-101(Fe) in relation to oxytetracycline. The results divulged an impressive average Kcat value of 3.06×105 M-1 S-1. This evidence robustly suggests the superior electrocatalytic activity of Au@PDA@NH2-MIL-101(Fe) when it comes to oxytetracycline oxidation. A custom-designed portable rapid detection platform was developed, achieving detection limits of 6.88 nM under static water flow conditions and 5.56 nM under dynamic conditions. Remarkably, the self-polymerization of PDA on Au NPs not only refines their size but also boosts their interaction with biomolecules, thereby promising excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, the abundance of -COOH groups and unsaturated Fe3+ sites on the NH2-MIL-101(Fe) surface furnishes a considerable number of grafting sites for the aptamer. More importantly, the redox interplay between Au@PDA and NH2-MIL-101(Fe) accelerates electron movement, thus amplifying the electrochemical signal and the detection sensitivity for oxytetracycline. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rate constants

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Galvanic replacement reaction for in situ fabrication of litchi-shaped heterogeneous liquid metal-Au nano-composite for radio-photothermal cancer therapy

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Bioactive materials 2021年第3期6卷 602-612页

作者： Zhenhu Guo Jingsong Lu Dan Wang Wensheng Xie Yongjie Chi Jianzhong Xu Nonaka Takuya Junxin Zhang Wanling Xu Fei Gao Hong Wu Lingyun Zhao State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Powder Metallurgy Research InstituteCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410083China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Research Center of Magnetic and Electronic Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouZhejiang310014China Department of Nanoengineering Chemical Engineering Programand Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA92093United States The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xi'anShanxi712046China

With tremendous research advances in biomedical application,liquid metals(LM)also offer fantastic chemistry for synthesis of novel ***,as a pioneering trial,litchi-shaped heterogeneous eutectic gallium indium-Au nanoparticles(EGaIn-Au NPs),served as effective radiosensitizer and photothermal agent for radio-photothermal cancer therapy,have been successfully prepared using in situ interfacial galvanic replacement *** enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency and boosted radio-sensitization effect could be achieved with the reduction of Au nanodots onto the eutectic gallium indium(EGaIn)NPs *** importantly,the growth of tumor could be effectively inhibited under the combined radio-photothermal therapy mediated by EGaIn-Au *** by this approach,in situ interfacial galvanic replacement reaction may open a novel strategy to fabricate LM-based nano-composite with advanced multi-functionalities.

关键词： Au nanodots Gallium Galvanic replacement reaction Indium Radio-photothermal therapy

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A Damage-Based Uniaxial Fatigue Life Prediction Method for Metallic materials

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Parareda, Sergi Casellas, Daniel Mares, Marc Mateo, Antonio Eurecat Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya Unit of Metallic and Ceramic Materials Manresa08243 Spain Luleå University of Technology Division of Solid Mechanics Luleå971 87 Sweden CIEFMA Department of Materials Science and Engineering EEBE Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech Barcelona08019 Spain

Determining the fatigue behaviour of metallic materials using standardised testing methods is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, several methods have been proposed to shorten the testing time and improve the fatigue optimisation of materials and components. This work presents a new fatigue testing method based on fatigue damage monitoring that allows determining the fatigue resistance in a short time, with few specimens and using conventional experimental techniques. The presented method, named as the stiffness method, monitors the inelastic strains as an indicator of fatigue damage evolution. Strain measurements were carried out by digital image correlation techniques and showed to effectively follow damage evolution during fatigue tests. Results are convincing and more evident to obtain and discuss than other monitoring techniques, like temperature dissipation. In addition, the method overcomes the main limitations of the existing fast testing methods by avoiding the utilisation of complex apparatus, like infrared cameras or acoustic emission sensors. The approach has been validated in ten different metallic materials. The estimated fatigue limit was compared with values obtained following standardised tests, showing excellent agreement. Results allow pointing out the stiffness method as an efficient and effective tool for rapidly determining the fatigue behaviour of metallic materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fatigue damage

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