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Designing the pressure-dependent shear modulus using tessellated granular metamaterials

Physical Review E 2023年第3期108卷 034901-034901页

作者： Jerry Zhang Dong Wang Weiwei Jin Annie Xia Nidhi Pashine Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

Jammed packings of granular materials display complex mechanical response. For example, the ensemble-averaged shear modulus 〈G〉 increases as a power law in pressure p for static packings of soft spherical particles that can rearrange during compression. We seek to design granular materials with shear moduli that can either increase or decrease with pressure without particle rearrangements even in the large-system limit. To do this, we construct tessellated granular metamaterials by joining multiple particle-filled cells together. We focus on cells that contain a small number of bidisperse disks in two dimensions. We first study the mechanical properties of individual disk-filled cells with three types of boundaries: periodic boundary conditions (PBC), fixed-length walls (FXW), and flexible walls (FLW). Hypostatic jammed packings are found for cells with FLW, but not in cells with PBC and FXW, and they are stabilized by quartic modes of the dynamical matrix. The shear modulus of a single cell depends linearly on p. We find that the slope of the shear modulus with pressure λc<0 for all packings in single cells with PBC where the number of particles per cell N≥6. In contrast, single cells with FXW and FLW can possess λc>0, as well as λc<0, for N≤16. We show that we can force the mechanical properties of multicell granular metamaterials to possess those of single cells by constraining the end points of the outer walls and enforcing an affine shear response. These studies demonstrate that tessellated granular metamaterials provide a platform for the design of soft materials with specified mechanical properties.

关键词： Jamming Granular solids Mechanical metamaterials

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6-Methoxyquinoline Immobilized Nylon Sensor for Monitoring Chloride Concentration in Reinforced Concrete

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jeong, Hoseong Jung, Byung Jun Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Kang Su Department of Architectural Engineering and Smart City Interdisciplinary Major Program University of Seoul 163 Seoulsiripdaero Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Seoul 163 Seoulsiripdaero Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of Department of Architectural Engineering University of Seoul 163 Siripdae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul02504 Korea Republic of

An excess in the threshold concentration of chloride in concrete leads to the initiation of reinforcement corrosion, which in turn results in a reduction in the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete(RC) structures. Accordingly, the chloride concentration of RC is periodically investigated via a destructive method, but this process is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. In order to overcome the limitations, this study sought to develop an optical chloride sensor that can be used in structural health monitoring. To this end, nylon was functionalized using formaldehyde and epichlorohydrine, after which 6-methoxy quinoline was covalently immobilized to manufacture a sensor. The developed sensor was found to be capable of measuring chloride concentrations (0~5,000mM) and exhibited rapid responsiveness and reversibility. In addition, the developed sensor also showed a stable response even when exposed to the pH 13.4 environment for three months, and it could detect changes in chloride concentration even inside the mortar. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Opto-thermoelectric microswimmers

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Light(science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 674-685页

作者： Xiaolei Peng Zhihan Chen Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara Yaoran Liu Jie Fang Linhan Lin Yuebing Zheng Materials Science&Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Inspired by the“run-and-tumble”behaviours of Escherichia coli(***)cells,we develop opto-thermoelectric *** microswimmers are based on dielectric-Au Janus particles driven by a self-sustained electrical field that arises from the asymmetric optothermal response of the *** illumination by a defocused laser beam,the Janus particles exhibit an optically generated temperature gradient along the particle surfaces,leading to an opto-thermoelectrical field that propels the *** further discover that the swimming direction is determined by the particle *** enable navigation of the swimmers,we propose a new optomechanical approach to drive the in-plane rotation of Janus particles under a temperature-gradient-induced electrical field using a focused laser *** the rotation laser beam allows us to position the particles at any desired orientation and thus to actively control the swimming direction with high *** incorporating dark-field optical imaging and a feedback control algorithm,we achieve automated propelling and navigation of the *** optothermoelectric microswimmers could find applications in the study of opto-thermoelectrical coupling in dynamic colloidal systems,active matter,biomedical sensing,and targeted drug delivery.

关键词： rotation illumination beam

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Grain boundary complexion modification for interface stability in garnet based solid-state Li batteries

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Journal of Power Sources 2024年 602卷

作者： Wang, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Wei-Chun Chang, Chia-Yu Ihrig, Martin Thuy Tran, Ngoc Thanh Lin, Shih-kang Windmüller, Anna Tsai, Chih-Long Eichel, Rüdiger-A. Chiu, Kuo-Feng Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Institute of Energy and Climate Research Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich52425 Germany Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City106 Taiwan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Semiconductor Packaging and Testing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan

The garnet type solid-state electrolyte (SSE) encounters challenges related to poor interfacial contact with Li metal and dendrite penetration problem. This study addresses these issues by manipulating the surface property of garnet-based LLZTO (Li6.5La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12) SSE. The manipulation is achieved by varying thickness of Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD), followed by sintering. Research results show that the relative density, ionic conductivity, and hardness of LLZTO are improved while electronic conductivity is reduced due to the formation of multiple complexions at grain boundary (GB). The SSE pellets also demonstrate improved wettability with Li metal, leading to stable galvanostatic Li plating/stripping cycling with low polarization, which allows for batter battery performance than pristine one. The concept of modifying SSE through the grain boundary complexion modification by thin ALD coating for enhancing the dendrite tolerance with better electrochemical properties of SSE may open a new direction for solid state battery research. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Tecnological Tests of the Pegamites Residues Extraction at Alto Dois Irmãos/Pb in Borborema Pegmatitic Province/Bpp

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Silva, Gerson Ferreira de Brum, Irineu Cordeiro, Vinícius Becheleni, Emily Araújo, Defsson Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS Postgraduate Program in Mining Engineering Metallurgical and of Materials Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS Department of Metallurgical Engineering Postgraduate Program in Mining Engineering Metallurgical and Materials Brazil Federal University of Campina Grande – UFCG Academic Unity of Mining and Geology Brazil Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri – UFVJM Engineering Institute Science and Technology Brazil Federal University of Campina Grande – IFPB Federal Institute of Science Education and Technology of Paraíba Campus Picuí Brazil

The Borborema Pegmatitic Province – BPP situated between Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte states in Brazilian northeast presents several pegmatites occurrences. In the region of the county of Pedra Lavrada – PB, are observed various mineral occurrences where the pegmatites have been explored with prominence at Alto Dois Irmãos-PB pegmatite, in what quartz, feldspar and mica are extracted. Because an existence of a complex mineralogy of the pegmatites, the understanding about mineral constituent is fundamental to define its industrial employment and also to implement improvements in beneficiation process. The proposal of this research line is the detailed characterization and proof that part of the ore (quartz) considered sterile, presents low poisoning (Fe2O3) and high silica (SiO2) content, to enable its industrial use mainly to nobler purposes. Also will be fundamental to minimize the environmental impact and decrease the grinding energetic consume. Besides that, the obtained results of this research will be used in a future work, as inputs in simulation stage, aiming to optimize the researched beneficiation unity grinding process. To the pegmatite characterization were done density determination tests, mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis by fluorescents X-rays and morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS). Then were done tests to Work Index (WI) calculous. The sterile (quartz extraction) from pegmatite mining in Pedra Lavrada/PB presented medium density of 2,66g/cm3, majority chemical composition of silicon and oxygen and quartz as the mainly mineralogical stage, through X-ray diffractograms and scanning electron microscopy images, what indicates that this material has high purity. The Work Index (WI) was 15,9 kwh/t, showing that this material presents in the pegmatite can be consider resistant to breaking in grinding process. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quartz

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Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging for Radiotherapy Treatment Monitoring in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging for Radiotherapy Treatment Mon...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Debamitra Chakraborty Bradley N. Mills Jing Cheng Ivan Komissarov Scott Gerber Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

Terahertz time-domain imaging was performed of stereotactic body radiotherapy-treated murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with a high spatial resolution. To generate 2D maps of the tissue samples, the refractive index and absorption coefficient were used as imaging markers extracted with the maximum a-posteriori probability (MAP) estimation algorithm. The results were then compared with the terahertz maps of untreated murine PDAC tissue samples and demonstrated that terahertz imaging can probe physical changes with high sensitivity in the tissue post treatment.

关键词： Maximum a posteriori estimation Terahertz wave imaging Laser theory Sensitivity Refractive index Radiation therapy Time-domain analysis Spatial resolution Probes Monitoring

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Multimodal Sensing Algorithm Using Thermoelectric Dynamics for Self-Powered Skin-Like Sensory Devices

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lee, Hyeju Baek, Jong Jin Oh, Jin Young Lee, Tae Il Department of Materials Science and Engineering Gachon University Gyeonggi Seong-Nam13120 Korea Republic of Advanced Development Team Ilji Tech Co. Ltd. Sinsang-ri Jillyang-eup Gyeongsangbuk-do Gyeongsan-si 12103 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical Engineering Integrated Engineering Program Kyung Hee University Yongin17104 Korea Republic of

In the rapidly evolving field of electronic skins (e-skins), the development of self-powered sensors has emerged as a promising solution to providing continuous and reliable power sources for embedded sensors. This study introduces a novel approach that incorporates spike-shaped nickel (Ni) microparticles into a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) matrix, resulting in a thermoelectric material that functions as both an energy harvester and a pressure sensor, and a multimodal sensing algorithm designed to mitigate pressure sensing errors arising from temperature fluctuations in the thermoelectric self-powered pressure sensor. The Ni-SEBS composite, with a sensing mechanism that identifies changes in the Ni particle percolation state induced by compressive strain, exhibited a high sensitivity of 0.6234 kPa-1. Based on this composite, a dual-channel self-powered sensor was fabricated using the proposed algorithm and attached to the skin;the sensor successfully detected various forms of external pressure applied to the skin without errors due to temperature changes. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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Wearable CNT/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/PDMS composite strain sensor with enhanced stability for real-time human healthcare monitoring

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Nano Research 2021年第8期14卷 2875-2883页

作者： Xiaowen Xu Yucheng Chen Pei He Song Wang Kai Ling Longhui Liu Pengfei Lei Xianjun Huang Hu Zhao Jianyun Cao Junliang Yang Hunan Key Laboratory for Super Microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants Department of Orthopedic SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South University87#Xiangya RoadChangsha 410007China College of Electronic Science National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410072China Department of Materials University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester Ml 39PLUK

Strain sensors with good stability are vital to the development of wearable healthcare monitoring ***,the design of strain sensor with both duration stability and environmental stability is still a *** this work,we propose an ultra-stable and washable strain sensor by embedding a coupled composite film of carbon nanotube(CNT)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene into polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)*** composite strain sensor with embedded microstructure and uneven surface makes it conformal to skin,while the CNT/MXene sensing layer exhibits a resistance sensitive to *** sensor shows reliable responses at different frequencies and with long-term cycling durability(over 1,000 cycles).Meanwhile,the CNT/MXene/PDMS composite strain sensor provides the advantages of superior anti-interference to temperature change and water *** results demonstrate less than 10%resistance changes as the temperature rises from-20 to 80℃or after sonication in water for 120 min,*** composite sensor is applied to monitor human joint motions,such as bending of finger,wrist and ***,the simultaneous monitoring of the electrocardiogram(ECG)signal and joint movement while riding a sports bicycle is demonstrated,enabling the great potential of the as-fabricated sensor in real-time human healthcare monitoring.

关键词： strain sensor MXene wearable electronics healthcare monitoring

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Rapid Electronic Transport Channel of Co-P with Mo in a Heterostructure Embedded with P, N Dual Doped Porous Carbon for Electrocatalytic Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution

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ChemNanoMat 2024年第7期10卷

作者： Dey, Tapan Rajput, Anubha Jhaa, Gaurav Matsagar, Babasahab M. Chen, Norman C.-R Kumar, Nitish Salunkhe, Rahul Wu, Kevin C.-W. Chakraborty, Biswarup Dutta, Saikat Electrochemical Energy & Sensor Research Laboratory Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies Amity University Noida India Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi110016 India Chemical Information Sciences Laboratory Department of Chemistry Pondicherry University Kalapet Pondicherry605014 India Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taiwan Materials Research Laboratory Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Jammu Jammu India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Chung-Li Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University No. 200 Zhongbei Rd. Zhongli Dist. Taoyuan City320 Taiwan

We developed a molybdenum (Mo)-doped cobalt (Co)-heterostructure embedded on a phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) dual-doped porous carbon which exhibits an intrinsic electronic transport channel of Co to Mo and P. The P,Mo,O−Co/PNC/NF (NF=Nickel foam) electrode offers 335 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 in OER as compared with PMA-ZIF67-NC/NF and ZIF67-NC/NF electrode with an overpotential of 357 and 373 mV respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) of overall water splitting (OWS) supports that the current density gradually increased at a cell potential of 1.6 V with a maximum of 40 mA with a corresponding cell potential of 1.79 V at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for water adsorption on optimized [111] surface of Co, CoMo, and CoMoP2 with adsorbed H2O and corresponding lattice determine the electron density difference of [111] surface with adsorbed H2O for Eads (eV) 4.23 corresponds to adsorption energy for CoMoP2. XANE-EXAFS spectroscopy of P,Mo,O−Co/PNC at Co K edge and Mo K edge suggests the presence of higher valence of both Cox+ and Mox+ without metallic Co and Mo and Co−P and Mo−P bonds as major structural units due to phosphidation as determined by R-space FT-EXAFS spectra. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Cobalt

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Thermal, Morphological and Structural Characterization Of Cyperus Malaccensis And Graphene Oxide Acting As a Coupling Agent for Future Reinforcement Applications

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SSRN 2023年

作者： de Mendonça Neuba, Lucas Junio, Raí Felipe Pereira Souza, Andressa Teixeira Chaves, Yago Soares Palmeira, Alexandre Alvarenga Tavares, Sheron Lazarus, Benjamin Pereira, Artur Camposo Monteiro, Sergio Neves Military Institute of Engineering - IME Department of Materials Science Praça General Tibúrcio 80 Praia Vermelha Urca RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-270 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rio de Janeiro State Rod. Pres. Dutra Km 298 Polo Industrial Rj Resende27537-000 Brazil Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Military Institute of Engineering Brazil

Natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) are currently receiving exponential concern from researchers on employing them as an engineering material. Particularly, they are being applied as a reinforcement for conventional and biodegradable polymer matrices. Due to the fact that NLFs are a renewable resource, environmentally friendly and require less energy for processing. However, they present drawbacks related to their compatibility with the polymer matrix, caused by the difference in the hydrophilic nature of NLFs and the hydrophobic for polymers. Graphene oxide (GO) is becoming extremely interesting when applied as a coupling agent between the fiber-matrix interface. On account of the amphiphilic nature of the nanomaterial. Therefore, the present work focus on the investigation of the seven- islands sedge (Cyperus malaccensis) coated with GO in 0.1% of the weight of the fiber. Thus, make a comparison with the untreated sedge fibers in terms of their thermal behavior, morphological aspect and structural characterization. Based on the TGA/DTG curves, it was possible to verify that the coating has attained better thermal stability properties. While the DSC thermal curves revealed endothermic and exothermic peaks related to the fiber microstructures. The FTIR spectrum validated the presence of bans associated with the GO structure. XRD affirmed an increase in the crystallite size which improves the interface adhesion. At last, SEM images unveiled the effective GO coating on the surface of the natural fiber. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fibers

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