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Physical Characteristics of Ultrafine Particles Emitted from Different Gas Cooking Methods

Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024年第1期6卷 82-92页

作者： See, Siao Wei Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Division of Environmental Science and Engineering

Gas cooking is a significant source of airborne particles indoors. In order to assess health risk due to exposure from indoor particulate air pollution and to identify effective control strategies, data on size-differentiated aerosol particles released from different cooking methods are critically needed. In this study, controlled experiments were carried out in a domestic kitchen using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) to investigate the size distribution of ultrafine particles emitted from cooking. Five different cooking methods were studied: steaming, boiling, stir-frying, pan-frying, and deep-frying. During the course of these experiments, the amount and type of food, and the heat setting on the gas stove were kept constant. Results showed that deep-frying caused the largest increase (a 24-fold increase) in particle number concentration to 6.0 x 105 cm−3 compared to a background concentration of 2.5 x 104 cm−3 and contained the highest proportion of nanoparticles (90%). This increase was then followed by pan-frying (1.1 x 105 cm−3, 78%), stir-frying (9.3 x 104 cm−3, 69%), boiling (6.9 x 104 cm−3, 62%), and steaming (5.4 x 104 cm−3, 55%), implying that cooking with oil produced more particles than cooking with water. It was also observed that steaming and boiling produced a peak in the number concentration of particles at < 10 nm with a second peak at 70 to 80 nm which can be attributed to condensation of water vapor on pre-existing particles. Particle distribution profiles obtained during frying operations were less-distinct compared to steaming and boiling, and demonstrated a modal diameter between 10 and 25 nm. Overall, this study provided comprehensive data on the physical characteristics of particles emitted from cooking, and could be used to evaluate the potential health impacts resulting from exposure to particles indoors.

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Temperature-dependent microstructural evolution in a compositionally complex solid electrolyte:The role of a grain boundary transition

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第3期14卷 163-176页

作者： Shu-Ting Ko Chaojie Du Huiming Guo Hasti Vahidi Jenna L.Wardini Tom Lee Yi Liu Jingjing Yang Francisco Guzman Timothy J.Rupert William J.Bowman Shen J.Dillon Xiaoqing Pan Jian Luo Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California IrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Irvine Materials Research Institute University of California IrvineIrvineCalifornia 92697USA

Compositionally complex solid electrolyte(Li_(0.375)Sr_(0.4375))(Ta_(0.375)Nb_(0.375)Zr_(0.125)Hf_(0.125))O_(3)(LSTNZH)samples are synthesized using different sintering temperatures,durations,and cooling conditions(furnace cooling(FC)*** quenching(AQ)).The temperature-dependent grain growth has been examined to investigate the microstructural evolution and the origin of exaggerated(abnormal)grain *** moderate temperatures,the grain growth of LSTNZH follows a cubic root growth model with an Arrhenius temperature *** increasing temperature,bimodal microstructures develop,and the Arrhenius temperature dependence breaks ***,increasing the temperature induces increased Nb segregation at general grain boundaries(GBs),in contrast to classical GB segregation models but suggesting premelting-like GB disordering,which can explain the observed abnormal grain growth(AGG).In addition,the large grains become faceted with increasing temperature,which occurs concurrently with the temperature-induced transitions in GB segregation and grain growth,thereby further supporting the occurrence of a GB phase-like(complexion)*** impacts on the densification,ionic conductivity,and hardness are also *** work provides a new insight into the fundamental understanding of the grain growth mechanisms of the emergent class of medium-and high-entropy compositionally complex ceramics(CCCs),which is essential for tailoring microstructures and material properties.

关键词： compositionally complex ceramics(CCCs) solid electrolytes perovskite grain growth grain boundary(GB) electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)

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光催化CO_(2)还原多原子催化剂的设计与制备进展

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science China Materials 2024年第2期67卷 397-423页

作者：汪忠浩邹国军 Jong Hyeok Park 张侃 School of Materials Science and Engineering and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul120-749Republic of Korea Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou 515031China

光催化CO_(2)还原合成太阳能燃料对缓解CO_(2)排放引起的全球变暖和降低化石燃料消耗具有重要意义.然而,目前的光催化剂仍然存在反应动力学缓慢和选择性不理想的问题,特别是对于C_(2+)产物的生成,极大地限制了光催化的工业化进程.过去... 详细信息

光催化CO_(2)还原合成太阳能燃料对缓解CO_(2)排放引起的全球变暖和降低化石燃料消耗具有重要意义.然而,目前的光催化剂仍然存在反应动力学缓慢和选择性不理想的问题,特别是对于C_(2+)产物的生成,极大地限制了光催化的工业化进程.过去几十年中,关于太阳能驱动的CO_(2)还原的研究展示出鼓舞人心的结果,包括活性位点的构建.本综述重点介绍了通过构建活性位点制备原子级分散催化剂在光催化CO_(2)还原中的最新进展,包括两个独立的活性位点、成对双活性位点和基于活性位点构型的纳米团簇.此外,详细讨论了CO_(2)在活性位点上的活化机制和表征方法.特别是考虑到实验研究与实际应用之间的差距,整合实验和理论的结果,以实现潜在的结构-活性关系和高目标产物选择性发展.最后,概述了该领域存在的挑战,并展望了活性位点的合理设计和机理研究.

关键词： photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction precise engineering multiple active sites structure-activity relationships mechanistic investigation

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Insightful analysis of physical properties, kinetics, absorption capacity, and regeneration heat duty of monoethanolamine and N-methyl-4-piperidinol blended solvent in post-combustion carbon capture

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Environmental science and Pollution Research 2024年第40期31卷 52868-52885页

作者： Apaiyakul, Rattanaporn Khuenkaew, Wachiramon Sirirathomsud, Ornicha Boonprasop, Sutthichai Liu, Heilei Gao, Hongxia Liang, Zhiwu Tontiwachwuthikul, Paitoon Sema, Teerawat Petrochemistry and Polymer Science Program Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73170 Thailand Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Cost-Effective Utilization of Fossil Fuel Aimed at Reducing CO₂ Emissions College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha410082 China Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 0A2 Canada Department of Chemical Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Pathumwan Bangkok10330 Thailand

In this study, the high potential tertiary N-methyl-4-piperidinol or MPDL (0.25–1.00 M) was blended with 5 M monoethanolamine (MEA) to formulate 5.25–6.00 M MEA-MPDL solvent and compare with the benchmark 5 M MEA. It was found that the density and the Henry’s constant slightly decreased, while the viscosity increased as the MPDL concentration in the blend increased. Even though the equilibrium CO2-loaded viscosity considerably increased (by 34.3–40.2%) as the MPDL content increased, it was still in a great operating region of less than 10 mPa.s. Experimental overall reaction kinetics constant (kov) was well corresponding with the zwitterion mechanism of MEA and the base-catalyze hydration mechanism of MPDL based absorption kinetics model, with %AAD of 0.56%. Interestingly, an addition of MPDL into 5 M MEA slightly enhanced kov (1.2–3.3% increment) and considerably favored absorption capacity (13–31% elevation), and regeneration heat duty (28–47% reduction), respecting 5 M MEA. The proposed strategic blending can maintain the overall solvent reactivity at the same level of the benchmark, while obviously increase the absorption capacity and largely reduce the regeneration heat duty. This highly favors a solvent upgrading for the existing 5 M MEA based CO2 capture plant. According to the recent data, 5 M MEA + 1.00 M MPDL was suggested. Since the blend was formulated at high concentration, its corrosiveness should also be considered. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Carbon capture and utilization

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Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： Xiang Lyu Runming Tao Tianyu Zhang Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value *** results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury *** is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water ***,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was *** facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

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Electroconductivity,a regenerative engineering approach to reverse rotator cuff muscle degeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 1693-1712页

作者： Nikoo Saveh-Shemshaki Mohammed A.Barajaa Takayoshi Otsuka Elnaz S.Mirdamadi Lakshmi S.Nair Cato T.Laurencin The Cato T.Laurencin Institute for Regenerative Engineering University of ConnecticutFarmingtonCT 06030USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31451Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06030USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Inhalation-administrated drugs remain an interesting possibility of addressing pulmonary *** drug delivery to the lungs allows one to obtain high concentration in the site of action with limited systemic distribution,leading to a more effective therapy with reduced required doses and side *** the other hand,there are several difficulties in obtaining a formulation that would meet all the criteria related to physicochemical,aerodynamic and biological properties,which is the reason why only very few of the investigated systems can reach the clinical trial phase and proceed to everyday use as a ***,we focused on powders consisting of polysaccharides,lipids,proteins or natural and synthetic polymers in the form of microparticles that are delivered by inhalation to the lungs as drug *** summarized the most common trends in research today to provide the best dry powders in the right fraction for inhalation that would be able to release the drug before being removed by natural *** review article addresses the most common manufacturing methods with novel modifications,pros and cons of different materials,drug loading capacities with release profiles,and biological properties such as cytocompatibility,bactericidal or anticancer properties.

关键词： pulmonary therapies drug delivery systems to lungs microparticles inhalers dry powder inhalers

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Smart polymeric hydrogels

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SmartMat 2024年第2期5卷 1-3页

作者： Wei Lu Feng Zhou Ximin He Jie Zheng Tao Chen Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of AkronAkronOhioUSA

In nature,most biological tissues exist in a quasi-solid hydrogel state,adapting their properties in response to environmental changes via natural *** by these natural hydrogels,significant research efforts over the past two decades have been devoted to creating their synthetic counterparts,known as smart polymeric hydrogels(SPHs).Nowadays,SPHs have attracted a global research focus due to their unique and adaptable properties;however,creating SPHs that meet specific demands remains one of the major scientific challenges.

关键词： polymeric hydrogel evolution.

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Thermally Drawn Multi‑material Fibers Based on Polymer Nanocomposite for Continuous Temperature Sensing

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第5期5卷 1712-1724页

作者： Woo Mi Ryu Yunheum Lee Yeonzu Son Geonho Park Seongjun Park Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea Program of Brain and Cognitive Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea KAIST Institute for NanoCentury Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea

With increasing personalized healthcare,fiber-based wearable temperature sensors that can be incorporated into textiles have attracted more attention in the field of wearable ***,we present a flexible,well-passivated,polymer–nanocomposite–based fiber temperature sensor fabricated by a thermal drawing process of multiple *** engineered a preform to optimize material processability and sensor performance by considering the rheological and functional properties of the preform *** fiber temperature sensor consisted of a temperature-sensing core made from a conductive polymer composite of thermoplastic polylactic acid,a conductive carbon filler,reduced graphene oxide,and a highly flexible linear low-density polyethylene passivation *** fiber temperature sensor exhibited adequate sensitivity(−0.285%/℃)within a temperature range of 25–45℃with rapid response and recovery times of 11.6 and 14.8 s,*** addition,it demonstrated a consistent and reliable temperature response under repeated mechanical and chemical stresses,which satisfied the requirements for the long-term application of wearable fiber ***,the fiber temperature sensor sewn onto a daily cloth and hand glove exhibited a highly stable performance in response to body temperature changes and temperature detection by *** results indicate the great potential of this sensor for applications in wearable,electronic skin,and other biomedical devices.

关键词： Fiber temperature sensor Wearable device Thermal drawing process Multi-material thermal drawing conductive polymer composite

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Reverse Electron Transfer: A Novel Anaerobic Methanogenesis Pathway Regulated Through Exogenous Co2 Synergized with Biochar

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Qiu, Yang Zhang, Jingxin Tong, Yen Wah He, Yiliang Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering School of Environmental Science and Engineering

To direct thermodynamically unfavorable redox reactions that occur during acetogenesis, syntrophic consortia may employ reverse electron transfer (RET). This study examines the regulatory mechanisms by which exogenous CO2 affects RET and demonstrates that biochar maximizes CO2 solubility at 25.76 mmol/L. CO2 synergized with biochar significantly increases cumulative methane production and propionate degradation rate. From the Gibbs free energy perspective, exogenous CO2 decreases energy level to a maximum of -87.36 kJ/mol, enhancing the thermodynamic viability of propionate methanogenesis. The metagenomic analysis and key functional enzyme results provide evidence for RET involvement, with an increase in formate dehydrogenase abundance. Certain H2/formate-producing bacteria and Methanospirillum hungatei were enriched, with some proven to have RET. Isotope tracing illustrates that the 13C-labeled inorganic carbon formed 13CH4 as 4.86% of the total CH4. The methane contribution result further shows that CO2 can efficiently convert to methane with biochar, through the possibility of stimulating electron donor production. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Degradation

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Ultra-transparent nanostructured coatings via flow-induced one-step coassembly

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Nano Materials science 2022年第2期4卷 97-103页

作者： Jingjing Liu Sonia E.Chavez Hao Ding Maria M.Farooqui Zaili Hou Sharon Lin Thomas D.D'Auria Julia M.Kennedy Anna Marie LaChance Luyi Sun Polymer Program Institute of Materials ScienceUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269United States Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269United States

Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/laponite(LP)nanocomposite coatings were fabricated via a facile one-step coassembly *** formed nanocoatings contain a high concentration of LP nanosheets,which can be well aligned along the substrate surface during the coassembly *** to the highly orientated structure,the flexible nanocoatings exhibit ultra-high transparency and superior mechanical properties,and can also act as excellent gas *** nanocoatings can be exceptional candidates for a variety of applications,such as food packaging.

关键词： Nanocoating Coassembly Polyvinyl alcohol Laponite

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