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Ethane integration project—a study for Egyptian NGLs plants and their economics

Journal of engineering and Applied science 2024年第1期71卷 169页

作者： Elzohairy, Hamdy R. Ahmed, Tamer S. El-Marsafy, Sahar M. Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza12613 Egypt New Cairo Egypt Environmental Engineering Program Zewail City of Science and Technology 6th of October City Giza12578 Egypt

For Egypt, ethane is a vital chemical precursor, with the potential to significantly attract financial resources and drive economic growth. Enhancing its added value necessitates efficient recovery of ethane before it enters the national grid without processing. This research investigates the technical and economic feasibility of integrating natural gas liquids (NGLs) from three Egyptian NGLs plants—South Western Desert NGLs (SWD NGLs), North Western Desert NGLs (NWD NGLs), and East Mediterranean NGLs (EMD NGLs)—to improve ethane recovery from natural gas fields. The study focuses on revamping these NGLs plants using various NGLs recovery techniques, conducting a comprehensive comparison to identify the most effective methods for processing rich feed gas. Detailed design of the NGLs recovery processes was developed using HYSYS V.14 simulation software and supplementary calculation sheets. The design criteria encompass both technical and economic parameters to ensure a holistic approach in meeting project requirements. Results indicate a significant increase in ethane recovery: 16% for SWD NGLs, 10% for NWD NGLs (A, B, C), and 85% for EMD NGLs. This improvement will boost ethane feedstock for petrochemical companies from 2000 ton/day to 3500 ton/day, enabling increased polyethylene production. Economic analysis for the base case shows an expected internal rate of return (IRR) of 26%, a net present value (NPV) of USD 73 million, and a payback period of approximately 3 years. Sensitivity analysis on product prices, feed gas prices, and total capital investment confirms the project’s economic viability, with all cases showing feasibility (IRR ≥ 15%) except when product prices fall below USD 225/ton for propane, USD 215/ton for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and USD 25/bbl for condensate. This study highlights the potential for enhanced ethane recovery, offering substantial economic benefits and supporting the growth of Egypt’s petrochemical industry. © The Author(s) 202

关键词： Ethane

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Phased LSTM-Based MPC for Modeling and Control of Nonlinear Systems Using Asynchronous and Delayed Measurement Data 63

Phased LSTM-Based MPC for Modeling and Control of Nonlinear ...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Wu, Wanlu Wang, Yujia Zhang, Ming-Qing Chiu, Min-Sen Wu, Zhe National University of Singapore Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Singapore Beijing University of Chemical Technology College of Information Science & Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

In this work, we develop novel machine learning modeling and predictive control techniques for nonlinear chemical systems with asynchronous and delayed measurements in both offline and online data collection. Specifically, Phased Long Short-Term Memory (PLSTM) network is used to learn the process dynamics amidst the irregularities in the data, during the offline training process. The generalization performance of PLSTM is theoretically studied on the basis of statistical machine learning theory to better understand the capabilities of PLSTM models. The PLSTM model is employed to forecast the evolution of states for a Lyapunov-based Model Predictive Controller (LMPC) that is designed to account for data loss and delays in real-time implementation. Finally, an application to a benchmark chemical process is adopted to show the effectiveness of PLSTM modeling and predictive control methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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NH_(4)Cl-assisted preparation of single Ni sites anchored carbon nanosheet catalysts for highly efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2023年第11期142卷 1-9页

作者： Dan Ping Feng Yi Guiwei Zhang Shide Wu Shaoming Fang Kailong Hu Ben Bin Xu Junna Ren Zhanhu Guo Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface&Interface Science Henan Engineering Research Center of Chemical Engineering Separation Process IntensificationSchool of Material and Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUK College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Integrated Composites Lab(ICL)University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Single-atomic transition metal-nitrogen codoped carbon(M-N-C)are efficient substitute catalysts for noble metals to catalyze the electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,the uncontrolled aggregations of metal and serious loss of nitrogen species constituting the M-N_(x) active sites are frequently observed in the commonly used pyrolysis ***,single-atomic nickel(Ni)-based sheet-like electrocatalysts with abundant Ni-N_(4) active sites were created by using a novel ammonium chloride(NH_(4)Cl)-assited pyrolysis *** aberration correction electron microscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure analysis clearly revealed that Ni species are atomically dispersed and anchored by N in Ni-N_(4) *** addition of NH_(4)Cl optimized the mesopore size to 7-10 nm and increased the concentrations of pyridinic N(3.54 wt%)and Ni-N_(4)(3.33 wt%)*** synergistic catalytic effect derived from Ni-N_(4) active sites and pyridinic N species achieved an outstanding CO_(2) RR performance,presenting a high CO Faradaic efficiency(FE_(CO))up to 98% and a large CO partial current density of 8.5 mA cm^(-2) at a low potential of-0.62 V ***,the FE_(CO) maintains above 80% within a large potential range from -0.43 to -0.73 V *** work provides a practical and feasible approach to building highly active single-atomic catalysts for CO_(2) conversion systems.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction Electrocatalyst Single-atomic ni NH_(4)Cl Pyridinic N

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Interface catalytic reduction of alumina by nickle for the aluminum nanowire growth: Dynamics observed by in situ TEM

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1225-1231页

作者： Zichun Wang Dan Wang Ang Li Lizhuo Wang Xiaodong Han Yijiao Jiang Jianfeng Chen Jun Huang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Catalysis Engineering School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of SydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100024China Department of Engineering Macquarie UniversitySydneyNew South Wales 2109Australia

Metal nanowires show promise in a broad range of applications and can be fabricated via a number of methods,such as vapor–liquid–solid process and template-based ***,the synthesis of Al nanowires(NWs)is still challenging from the stable alumina *** this work,the Ni-catalyzed fabrication of Al NWs has been realized using various Al_(2)O_(3) *** growth dynamics of Al NWs on Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) was studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The effect of alumina structures,compositions,and growth temperature were *** growth of Al NWs correlates with the Na addition to the alumina *** no eutectic mixture of nickel aluminide was formed,a mechanism of Ni-catalyzed reduction of Al_(2)O_(3) for Al NWs growth has been proposed instead of the vapor–liquid–solid *** key insights reported here are not restricted to Ni-catalyzed Al NWs growth but can be extended to understanding the dynamic change and catalytic performance of Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) under working conditions.

关键词： in situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM) Al nanowires alumina reduction nanowire growth

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Harnessing mechanochemical fluorescence toward autonomous damage-reporting coatings

RSC Applied Polymers

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RSC Applied Polymers 2025年第3期3卷 592-597页

作者： Wang, Zeyu Zhou, Junfeng Ling, Zichen Zhou, Qixin Wang, Junpeng School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Akron 44325 OH United States Department of Chemical Biomolecular and Corrosion Engineering The University of Akron Akron 44325 OH United States

Protective coatings are essential for shielding engineering materials from environmental and mechanical damage. A significant endeavor in this regard is detecting the damage in coatings and implementing necessary repairs. However, conventional detection methods often require specialized equipment and expertise, rendering them impractical for real-time monitoring. This work introduces an autonomous damage-reporting coating system based on a stress-responsive polymer network containing a Diels-Alder adduct mechanophore. When subjected to mechanical damage, the mechanophore undergoes a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, liberating a fluorescent π-extended anthracene moiety. The mechanically triggered “off-to-on” optical signal allows for highly sensitive detection of material damage preceding failure. A quantitative relationship between the extent of impact damage and the mechanochemically generated fluorescence is established, facilitating the prediction of material failure. Remarkably, the damage-reporting functionality is maintained even after incorporating pigments into the coating formulation, thereby broadening the applicability of this smart coating system in real-world scenarios. © 2025 RSC.

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Postmortem ^(7)Li NMR analysis for assessing the reversibility of lithium metal electrodes in lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 430-440页

作者： Jaewon Baek Sunha Kim Hee-Tak Kim Oc Hee Han Department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Metropolitan Seoul Center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul 03759Republic of Korea Graduate School of Analytical Science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Despite the proficiency of lithium(Li)-7 NMR spectroscopy in delineating the physical and chemical states of Li metal electrodes,challenges in specimen preparation and interpretation impede its *** this study,we conducted a comprehensive postmortem analysis utilizing ^(7)Li NMR,employing a stan-dard magic angle spinning probe to examine protective-layer coated Li metal electrodes and LiAg alloy electrodes against bare Li metal electrodes within Li metal batteries(LMBs).Our investigation explores the effects of sample burrs,alignment with the magnetic field,the existence of liquid electrolytes,and precycling on the ^(7)Li NMR *** contrasting NMR spectra before and after cycling,we identi-fied alterations in Li^(0) and Li^(+) signals attributable to the degradation of the Li metal *** NMR analyses decisively demonstrate the efficacy of the protective layer in mitigating dendrite and solid elec-trolyte interphase ***,we noted that Li*ions near the Li metal surface exhibit magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,revealing a novel approach to studying diamagnetic species on Li metal elec-trodes in *** study provides valuable insights and practical guidelines for characterizing distinct lithium states within LMBs.

关键词： NMR spectroscopy Lithium-7 Lithium metal battery Electrolyte Electrode-protective layer Solid electrolyte interface Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy Lithium-metal NMR signal Diamagnetic^(7)Li NMR signal

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Practical operating flexibility of a bifunctional freestanding membrane for efficient anion exchange membrane water electrolysis across all current ranges

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Carbon Energy 2024年第9期6卷 306-324页

作者： Hong-Jin Son Jeemin Hwang Min Young Choi Seung Hee Park Jae Hyuk Jang Byungchan Han Sung Hoon Ahn Department of Bio-Chemical Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea Fuel Cell Research and Demonstration Center Hydrogen Energy Research DivisionKorea Institute of Energy Research(KIER)Buan-gunJeollabuk-doRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteDaejeonRepublic of Korea

This study explores a symmetric configuration approach in anion exchange membrane(AEM)water electrolysis,focusing on overcoming adaptability challenges in dynamic ***,a rapid and mild synthesis technique for fabricating fibrous membrane-type catalyst electrodes is *** method leverages the contrasting oxidation states between the sulfur-doped NiFe(OH)_(2) shell and the metallic Ni core,as revealed by electron energy loss *** evaluations confirm that the S–NiFe(OH)_(2) active sites optimize free energy for alkaline water electrolysis *** technique bypasses traditional energy-intensive processes,achieving superior bifunctional activity beyond current *** symmetric AEM water electrolyzer demonstrates a current density of 2 A cm^(-2) at 1.78 V at 60℃ in 1 M KOH electrolyte and also sustains ampere-scale water electrolysis below 2.0 V for 140 h even in ambient *** results highlight the system's operational flexibility and structural stability,marking a significant advance-ment in AEM water electrolysis technology.

关键词： AEM water electrolysis fibrous membrane iR correction free operational stability symmetric configuration

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Bifunctionally Hydrophobic MOF-Supported Platinum Catalyst for the Removal of Ultralow Concentration Hydrogen Isotope

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2025年第2期8卷 140-150页

作者： Huiryung Heo Jeong-un Jang Euna Jeong Hyung-Ju Kim Young Jin Kim Chan Woo Park Jungseob So Dong-Yeun Koh Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Korea Decommissioning Technology Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 34057Korea Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea CO_(2)&Energy Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Korea Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO_(2)Management Center Daejeon 34141Korea

Water often presents significant challenges in catalysts by deactivating active sites,poisoning the reaction,and even degrading composite *** challenges are amplified when the water participates as a reactant and is fed as a liquid phase,such as trickle bed-type reactors in a hydrogen-water isotope exchange(HIE)*** key balance in such multiphase reactions is the precise control of catalyst design to repel bulk liquid water while diffusing water ***,a platinum-incorporated metal-organic framework(MIL-101)based bifunctional hydrophobic catalyst functionalized with long alkyl chains(C_(12),dodecylamine)and further manufactured with poly(vinylidene fluoride),Pt@MIL-101-12/PVDF,has been developed which can show dramatically improved catalytic activity under multi-phase reactions involving hydrogen gas and liquid ***@MIL-101-12/PVDF demonstrates enhanced macroscopic water-blocking properties,with a notable reduction of over 65%in water adsorption capacity and newly introduced liquid water *** exhibiting a negligible increase in mass transfer resistance,i.e.,bifunctional *** catalytic activity,evaluated via HIE reaction,and its durability underscore the impact of bifunctional *** situ DRIFTS analysis elucidates water adsorption/desorption dynamics within the catalyst composite,highlighting reinforced water diffusion at the microscopic level,affirming the catalyst's bifunctionality in different length *** demonstrated radiation resistance,Pt@MIL-101-12/PVDF emerges as a promising candidate for isotope exchange reactions.

关键词： bifunctional hydrophobiccatalyst hydrogen-waterisotopeexchange hydrophobic modification metal-organic framework tritiumremoval

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Carbon Dioxide Conversion To Advanced Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon Dioxide Conversion To Advanced Carbon Nanotubes

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2024 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, ADIPEC 2024

作者： Wattana, P. Thivasasith, A. Nunthakitgoson, W. Rodaum, C. Wattanakit, C. PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering School of Energy Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025498

The conversion of CO2 into valuable substances is a topic of great interest for *** them, the CO2 conversion to advanced materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has emerged as promising CO2 *** this work, we have successfully developed catalysts and process to convert CO2 to *** developed catalysts by loading active transition metals on to hierarchical zeolite for CNT synthesis using CO2 as raw *** synthesis of CNTs from CO2 over the developed catalysts was carried out via a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) *** quantity and quality of the resulting carbon nanotubes were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman *** synthesized CNTs were also evaluated for their current response using cyclic voltammetry (V ***/AgCl) *** optimizing metal type, metal loading, zeolite topologies and pore structures (hierarchically porous or conventionally microporous), we successfully converted CO2 to CNTs over the metal-loaded hierarchical zeolite *** CNTs produced using the 25wt.% Fe on hierarchical FAU zeolite provided the most promising result with a high CNTs yield of 15.4%, an average CNTs diameter size of 23.1 nm, and ID/IG ratio of 0.56 indicating high quality *** synthesized CNTs were tested and exhibited higher current response compared to commercial *** enhanced performance highlights the significant contribution of the small diameter and superior quality of our synthesized pure *** metals play a crucial role as catalysts in the decomposition of CO2 during the CNTs ***, well-distribution of metal nanoparticles on the hierarchical zeolite contributes to enhanced catalytic activity, consequently resulting in more favorable CNTs synthesis *** work demonstrates conversion of CO2 towards highly conductive CNTs-based materials, which have many potential applicat

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

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Utilisation of CO2 to Carbon Nanotubes

Utilisation of CO2 to Carbon Nanotubes

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2024 SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, APOGCE 2024

作者： Wattana, P.A. Thivasasith, A. Nunthakitgoson, W. Rodaum, C. Wattanakit, C. PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering School of Energy Science and Engineering Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology Rayong Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025269

Capturing and converting CO2 into value-added chemicals and materials is of great interest for decarbonization. Among them, the CO2 conversion to advanced materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a promising CO2 utilization. CNTs can be used in many applications, owing to its exceptional properties of high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high tensile strength, and high surface area. In this work, we have successfully developed catalysts and process to convert CO2 to CNTs. Active transition metal catalysts supported on zeolites were developed for the synthesis of CNTs using CO2 as raw material. The synthesis of CNTs from CO2 over the developed catalyst was carried out via a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The quantity and quality of the carbon nanotubes synthesized from CO2 were determined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. A comparison between the current response of the synthesized CNTs and commercial CNTs were performed using cyclic voltammetry (V vs. Ag/AgCl) method. By optimizing metal type, metal loading, zeolite topologies and pore structures (hierarchically porous or conventionally microporous), the best CNTs were obtained over the 25wt%Fe on hierarchical FAU catalyst. The qualification and quantification of resulting CNTs were based on an average diameter size of 23.1 nm, a high yield of 15.4%, and ID/IG ratio (CNTs quality) of 0.56 as characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The synthesized CNTs demonstrated improved performance in terms of current response compared to commercial CNTs when evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (V vs. Ag/AgCl) with a 0.5 M H2SO4 supporting electrolyte. This enhanced performance can be attributed to the small diameter and high quality of the synthesized CNTs. This work demonstrates the industrially relevant

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

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