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Unavoidable multilevel biaxial symmetry breaking in chiral hybrid liquid crystals

Physical Review E 2025年第4期111卷 045410-045410页

作者： Jin-Sheng Wu Marina Torres Lázaro Souvik Ghosh Haridas Mundoor Henricus H. Wensink Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Laboratoire de Physique des Solides–UMR 8502 Université Paris-Saclay and CNRS 91405 Orsay France International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Chiral nematic or cholesteric liquid crystals (LCs) are fluid mesophases with long-ranged orientational order featuring a quasilayered periodicity imparted by a helical director configuration but lacking long-range positional order. Doping molecular cholesteric LCs with strongly anisotropic uniaxial colloidal particles adds another level of complexity because of the interplay between weak surface-anchoring boundary conditions and bulk-based elastic distortions near the particle-LC interface. Using cylindrical colloidal disks and rods with different geometric shapes and surface conditions, we demonstrate that these colloidal inclusions generically exhibit biaxial orientational probability distributions which may impart anomalously strong local biaxiality onto the hybrid cholesteric LC structure. Unlike nonchiral hybrid molecular-colloidal LCs, where biaxial order emerges only at critical colloid volume fractions exceeding some uniaxial-biaxial transition value, the orientational probability of the colloidal inclusions immersed in chiral nematic hosts is unambiguously biaxial even at infinite dilution. We demonstrate that the colloids induce local biaxial perturbations within the molecular orientational order of the LC host medium which strongly enhances the weak but native biaxial order of chiral nematic LC induced by the chiral symmetry breaking of the director field. With the help of analytical modeling and computer simulations based on the Landau–de Gennes free energy of the host LC around the colloids, we rationalize the observed multilevel biaxial order and conclude that it is not only unavoidable but also strongly enhanced compared to both achiral hybrid LCs and purely molecular cholesteric LCs.

关键词： Cholesteric liquid crystals

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Critical review on the abatement of endocrine disrupting chemicals using synthesized iron-based materials in persulfate systems: Reactive species, reaction mechanisms, and perspectives

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chemical engineering Journal 2025年 511卷

作者： Sun, Ye Huang, Ying Zheng, Shujie Chen, Haojia Pei, Jianchuan Yang, Yan Ji, Hongbing Han, Changseok School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou310024 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology Guangxi University Nanning530004 China Synergy Innovation Institute of Guangdong University of Technology Shantou515041 China School of Environment and Resources Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou311300 China Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering of INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes have emerged as promising technologies for mitigating endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in wastewater treatment. Economically viable Fe-based materials with tailored properties have demonstrated significant efficacy in activating persulfate for the decomposition of EDCs through both radical routes (∙OH, SO4∙−, and O2∙−) and non-radical routes (1O2, surface activated PS complex, and high-valent Fe species). This review summarized the latest advancements in the persulfate activation mechanisms mediated by Fe-based materials, categorized by Fe valence states and the types of reactive species. Furthermore, it critically assesses the influence of active sites of Fe-based catalysts on persulfate activation pathways and summarizes the selective reaction of reactive species towards EDCs. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist in non-radical route-dominated persulfate activation, particularly regarding the impact of Fe-Fe distance on the reactive species and the catalytic role of Fe-based materials for reactions between inorganic ions and persulfate. This review proposes prospective research directions, provides design strategies, and expands the application of Fe-based materials in PS activation for effective EDC abatement in real situations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： chemical activation

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Unassisted Switchable Dual-Photoelectrode Devices Utilizing p-n Carbon Quantum Dots as “Semiconductor Electrolytes”: Optimization Between H₂O₂ and Solar Electricity Production

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Advanced science 2025年 e17204页

作者： Duan, Hui-Min Li, Chen-Guang Mo, Liu-Meng Dang, Jing-Shuang Jia, Xiao-Hui Yu, Jia-Cheng Mei, Yu-Hang Thapper, Anders Wang, Hong-Yan Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory Uppsala University P.O. Box 523 Uppsala 75120 Sweden Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China

Switchable self-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices are developed to boost H2O2 or electricity generation under visible-light illumination, in which p-n type carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) is applied as conceptual... 详细信息

Switchable self-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices are developed to boost H₂O₂ or electricity generation under visible-light illumination, in which p-n type carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) is applied as conceptually-new “semiconductor electrolytes”. The N-CQDs contains N-dopants, and both negatively- and positively-charged surface groups. This allows N-CQDs to act as the electrolyte and to interact with both a BiVO₄ photoanode and a Cu₂O photocathode. In a two-compartment cell with a separating membrane, N-CQDs can dynamically form p-n heterojunctions with the photoanode or the photocathode, facilitating charge separation. In this setup, the fine-tuned electronic structure of N-CQDs promotes the two-electron reactions with water or O₂ to produce H₂O₂, achieving a rate of 28 µm min⁻¹ and Faradic efficiency exceeding 80%. Switching into a one-compartment cell, N-CQDs promotes four-electron charge transfer and stabilizes the photoelectrodes, giving electricity output for over 120 h. This control over electron transfer, selectivity, and durability cannot be achieved using traditional electrolytes. © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： dual-photoelectrode electricity production electrolyte optimization H2O2 production p-n carbon dots

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Self-assembly and pH-Responsive Properties of Poly(L-glutamic acid-r-Lleucine) and Poly(L-glutamic acid-r-L-leucine)-b-Polysarcosine

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2015年第8期33卷 1186-1195页

作者： Ce Tian 凌君 You-qing Shen MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University

Polypeptides and polypeptoids were widely used as biomedical materials because of their good biocompatibility. In this work we reported a series of pH-responsive copolypeptides and polypeptide-polypeptoid block copolymers, i.e. random copolymers of L-glutamic acid （Glu） with L-leucine （Leu） [poly（Glu-r-Leu）s], as well as their block copolymers with polysarcosine （polySar）. Well-defined poly（Glu-r-Leu）s with predictable compositions and molecular weights were synthesized by ring opening polymerization of corresponding N-carboxyanhydride monomers. We investigated the relationship between hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity transition and copolymer composition. With increasing Leu fraction, both the pH value of cloud point and the micellar size increased. Poly（Glu-r-Leu） with 60% Leu exhibited a cloud point at the pH of 5.0 to 6.0 the same as that in endosome and lysosome. Poly（Glu-r-Leu）-b-polySars assembled in phosphate buffer and performed pH-responsive morphology change from orbicular micelles at high pH to worm-like micelles at low pH. They were potential pH-responsive carriers for drug and gene delivery to enhance cargo release in cellules.

关键词： α-Amino acid NCA Random/block copolypeptide pH-Responsive Hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity transition.

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Ruthenium (II)-Coordinated Supramolecular Drug Self-Assembly for Efficient Combination Chemotherapy

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ma, Haonan Jin, Yifan Li, Jintao Xiao, Xuedong Liu, Chengfei Tian, Wei Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory of Hybrid Luminescent Materials and Photonic Device MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710072 China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon 999077 Hong Kong

Combination chemotherapy has been considered a crucial approach in cancer treatment to address the limitations of traditional single-drug therapy. However, the common strategies that encapsulate therapeutic agents with different mechanisms into a single"package"often lead to unsatisfactory anticancer activity because of the relatively low loading capacities, inconsistent reproducibility, and unpredictable release kinetics. In this study, we reported the construction of ruthenium (II)-coordinated supramolecular drug self-delivery systems. These systems are proposed to provide a stable and efficient transport platform for delivering drugs, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy. Ruthenium (II)-coordinated supramolecular polymer (RuSP) was first formed through host-guest interaction between Β-cyclodextrin (Β-CD) units grafted onto a hyaluronic acid chain (HA-CD) and (Benzene)Ru(curcuminato)Cl (Ru-Cur). The obtained RuSP then further self-assembled into ruthenium (II)-coordinated supramolecular drug self-assemblies (RuSDSAs). Upon internalization into cancer cells, RuSDSAs could be effectively degraded in acidic tumor microenvironment as for the smart dissociation of host-guest interaction, allowing for the controlled release of Ru-Cur and enhancing the efficacy of combination chemotherapy. Biological evaluation demonstrated that RuSDSAs achieved good anticancer effects and are biologically safe. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ruthenium compounds

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Zeolite functionalized with metal ions: A dual strategy for water purification − removal of sertraline hydrochloride and pathogenic bacteria

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Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 2025年 23卷

作者： Beltran, Laiza Bergamasco Ribeiro, Anna Carla Vidovix, Taynara Basso Wernke, Gessica Cusioli, Luis Fernando Palazzo de Mello, João Carlos de Abreu Filho, Benício Alves Bergamasco, Rosângela Salcedo Vieira, Angélica Marquetotti State University of Maringá Postgraduate Program in Food Science Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Biotechnology Genetics and Cell Biology Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Chemical Engineering Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Department of Food Engineering Paraná Maringá Brazil State University of Maringá Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Paraná Maringá Brazil

Sertraline hydrochloride (SER) is widely used to treat depression, anxiety, and other disorders, but its presence in global water bodies underscores the need for innovative water treatment solutions. This study introduces a novel adsorbent developed through a sustainable approach, where natural zeolites were functionalized with copper oxide nanoparticles (NZ_NPCuO) to enhance SER removal from contaminated water. Copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a green method using Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) stem bark extract. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), leaching tests, and zeta potential measurements validated the successful formation and chemical stability of the nanoparticles. SER adsorption tests revealed a maximum capacity (q_max) of 25.19 mg/g at 298 K, achieving equilibrium within 960 min. The Elovich and Langmuir models were determined to best describe the kinetic and isothermal data, respectively. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the adsorption process is exothermic, spontaneous, and reversible. Potential adsorption mechanisms included hydrogen bonding, π-interactions, and electrostatic attraction. We also evaluated the antibacterial properties of NZ_NPCuO using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resulting in inhibition zones of 26 mm, 7.5 mm, and 14 mm, respectively. Thus, the proposed composite shows great potential for SER removal from wastewater and offers a promising alternative for developing effective antimicrobial agents for different proposals, particularly for microbiological water treatment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Adsorption Antibacterial activity Copper oxide nanoparticles Green synthesis Sertraline hydrochloride Water treatment

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Increased corrosion resistance of steel substrates coated with epoxy resin/ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 obtained from electric arc furnace dust recovery

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Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9462-9472页

作者： Mário Andrean Macedo Castro Tanara Caroline Nunes Nicácio Antonio Carlos do Nascimento Santos José Eudes Lima Santos Luis David Loor-Urgilés Antonio Eduardo Martinelli Fabiana Villela da Motta Mauricio Bomio LSQM–Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Materials Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN P.O. Box 1524 Natal RN Brazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 Natal RN Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-900 Natal RN Brazil

The sustainable management of metal-rich industrial wastes, such as electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), remains a critical challenge for the steel industry. Although previous studies have investigated metal recovery routes and their application in functional materials, few have explored the reuse of these wastes as active components in anticorrosive coatings. This work proposes an innovative approach for valorizing EAFD, recovering iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and zinc (ZnO) oxides through acid leaching, basic precipitation, and heat treatment. After recovery, mixed ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 oxides were prepared in different proportions and incorporated as nanofillers in an epoxy matrix, creating a hybrid coating aimed at protecting carbon steel against corrosion. The obtained materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis, while the mechanical and anticorrosive properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness tests, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. After 240 h of immersion in saline solution and 360 h of Salt-spray test, the coating with the highest Fe 2 O 3 content demonstrated superior performance, reducing the corrosion rate by up to 100 times and increasing the load transfer resistance by up to 80 times. The contribution of this study lies in both the proposal of a new cycle for reusing steel waste and in demonstrating a viable route for developing high-performance anticorrosive coatings with potential for industrial application in sectors such as oil and gas. The combination of waste recovery and functional improvement of the material positions this study as a technologically and environmentally relevant solution.

关键词： EAFD ZnO Fe 2 O 3 Epoxy resin Anti-corrosive coatings

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Electric Field-Induced Thermal Conductivity Switching in Low-Temperature Hybrid Perovskites via Crystal Symmetry Reduction

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Small 2025年 e2500407页

作者： Yu, Yuting Yang, Jin Jain, Ankit Chen, Min Li, Hanying Ong, Wee-Liat ZJU-UIUC Institute College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang Jiaxing Haining 314400 China Mechanical Engineering Department IIT Bombay Mumbai 400076 India MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization International Research Center for X Polymers Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou 310027 China

Using reversible external fields to modulate and study properties of materials has yielded new scientific insights and improves device performances. In this work, the effect of an external electric field on the thermal transport of methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI₃) under different temperatures is investigated, discovering different electric field-triggered thermal conductivity behavior and their associated governing mechanisms. At a temperature of 350 K, the thermal conductivity of cubic-MAPbI₃ is independent of the electric field. However, for an orthorhombic-MAPbI₃ at 100 K, its thermal conductivity decreases by 44.5% under an electric field of 0.35 V Å⁻¹. In the latter case, the electric field imparts sufficient energy to overcome the MA rotation energy barrier and reorientate the MA cations, resulting in a lower symmetry crystal and weaker interatomic bonding strength. Using the phonon Wigner transport equation, it is revealed that the electric field lowers the population-channel thermal conductivity but leaves the coherence-channel unaffected. In the cubic-MAPbI₃ at 350 K, although the electric field aligns the orientation of the MA cations and reduces their dynamic disorder, its thermal conductivity remains unaffected. Comparing the thermal conductivity changes with those from other typical perovskites, the orthorhombic-MAPbI₃ at 100 K exhibits the largest reported thermal conductivity decrease under an electric field. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： MAPbI3 molecular dynamics orthorhombic phonon wigner transport equation

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Micrometer-scale poly(ethylene glycol) with enhanced mechanical performance

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-8页

作者： Zheng, Letian Liang, Heyi Tang, Jin Zheng, Qiang Chen, Fang Wang, Lian Li, Qi Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago Chicago IL United States Chemistry Instrumentation Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Strong and lightweight materials are highly desired. Here we report the emergence of a compressive strength exceeding 2 GPa in a directly printed poly(ethylene glycol) micropillar. This strong and highly crosslinked micropillar is not brittle, instead, it behaves like rubber under compression. Experimental results show that the micropillar sustains a strain approaching 70%, absorbs energy up to 310 MJ/m³, and displays an almost 100% recovery after cyclic loading. Simple micro-lattices (e.g., honeycombs) of poly(ethylene glycol) also display high strength at low structural densities. By combining a series of control experiments, computational simulations and in situ characterization, we find that the key to achieving such mechanical performance lies in the fabrication of a highly homogeneous structure with suppressed defect formation. Our discovery unveils a generalizable approach for achieving a performance leap in polymeric materials and provides a complementary approach to enhance the mechanical performance of low-density latticed structures. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Evaluation of reusing alum sludge for the coagulation of industrial wastewater containing mixed anionic surfactants

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第4期23卷 587-594页

作者： Siriprapha Jangkorn Sinchai Kuhakaew Suwapee Theantanoo Harit Klinla-or Tongchai Sriwiriyarat Environmental Science Program Faculty of Science Burapha University Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Burapha University

A coagulation-flocculation process is typically employed to treat the industrial wastewater generated by the consumer products industry manufacturing detergents, soaps, and others. The expenditure of chemicals including coagulants and chemicals for pH adjustment is costly for treating this wastewater. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of reusing the aluminum sulfate (alum) sludge as a coagulant or as a coagulation aid so that the fresh alum dosage can be minimized or the removal efficiency can be enhanced. The experiments were conducted in a jar-test apparatus simulating the coagulation-flocculation process for simultaneous removals of organic matters, anionic surfactants, suspended solids, and turbidity. At the optimum initial pH value of 10 and the fresh alum concentration of 400 mg/L, the total suspended solids (TSS), total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), total anionic surfactants, and turbidity removal efficiencies were 71.5%, 76.4%, 95.4%, and 98.2%, respectively. The addition of alum sludge as a coagulant alone without any fresh alum addition could significantly remove the turbidity, TCOD, and anionic surfactants. The TSS was left in the supernatants after the settling period, but would subsequently be removed by adding the fresh alum. The TSS, TCOD, and turbidity removal efficiencies were also enhanced when both the alum sludge and the fresh alum were employed. The TCOD removal efficiency over 80% has been accomplished, which has never fulfilled by using the fresh alum alone. It is concluded that the alum sludge could be reused for the treatment of industrial wastewater generated by the consumer products industry.

关键词： alum sludge coagulation anionic surfactants consumer products

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