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Reducing Student Resistance to Active Learning: Strategies for Instructors

Journal of College science Teaching 2018年第5期47卷 80-91页

作者： Finelli, Cynthia J. Nguyen, Kevin DeMonbrun, Matthew Borrego, Maura Prince, Michael Husman, Jenefer Henderson, Charles Shekhar, Prateek Waters, Cynthia K. Engineering Education Research Program Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science School of Education University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States STEM education University of Texas at Austin United States School of Education University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Center for Engineering Education Department of Mechanical Engineering STEM education University of Texas at Austin United States Chemical Engineering Department Bucknell University in Lewisburg PA United States University of Oregon in Eugene United States Mallinson Institute for Science Education Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan in Ann Arbor United States Department of Mechanical Engineering North Carolina A and T State University in Greensboro United States

In spite of considerable evidence of the effectiveness of active learning and other contemporary teaching methods, barriers to adoption of those methods, such as possible student resistance, continue to exist. This study addresses student resistance by analyzing data from 1,051 students who completed our Student Response to Instructional Practices (StRIP) instrument in 18 introductory engineering courses where active learning was implemented. Through descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and hierarchical linear regression modeling, we demonstrate that students ‘perceptions of their instructors’ use of explanation and facilitation strategies can have a significant impact on student resistance. This study provides a more complete picture of the relative efficacy of these strategies to reduce resistance and confirms that students ‘perceptions of their instructors’ use of these strategies can influence both how students engage with active learning and how students evaluate the course and instructor. We provide evidencebased advice for both new and experienced instructors to reduce student resistance to active learning and other contemporary teaching methods. © 2018 National science Teaching Association.

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In vitro and in vivo models for assessing the host response to biomaterials

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Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models 2017年 24卷 13-21页

作者： Saleh, Leila S. Bryant, Stephanie J. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado 3415 Colorado Avenue Boulder 80309 CO United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado 3415 Colorado Avenue Boulder 80309 CO United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado 3415 Colorado Avenue Boulder 80309 CO United States

The foreign body response (FBR) occurs ubiquitously to essentially all non-biological materials that are implanted into higher organisms. The FBR is characterized by inflammation followed by fibrosis and is mediated largely by macrophages. While many current medical devices tolerate the FBR, the FBR is responsible for many asceptic device failures and is hindering advancements of new devices that rely on device-host communication to function. To this end, in vitro and in vivo models are critical to studying how a biomaterial, via its chemistry and properties, affect the FBR. This short review highlights the main in vitro and in vivo models that are used to study the FBR. In vitro models that capture macrophage interrogation of a biomaterial and evaluation of macrophage attachment, polarization and fusion are described. In vivo models using rodents, which provide a relatively simple model of the complex FBR process, and human-relevant nonhuman primate models are described. Collectively, the combination of in vitro and in vivo models will help advance our fundmental understanding of the FBR and enable new biomaterials to be developed that can effectively modulate the FBR to achieve a desire device-host outcome. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biomaterial Foreign Body Response In vitro models In vivo models Macrophage

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ZnO-CuO core-shell heterostructure for improving the efficiency of ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells

ZnO-CuO core-shell heterostructure for improving the efficie...

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MRS Advances

作者： Jung, Kichang Lim, Taehoon Li, Yaqiong Martinez-Morales, Alfredo A. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California RiversideCA92507 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92507 United States Southern California Research Initiative for Solar Energy University of California RiversideCA92507 United States

In this work, the integration of ZnO-CuO core-shell nanostructures shows improvement in the conversion efficiency of ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This is due to CuO acting as a secondary absorption layer that allows the absorption of near-infrared (NIR) light increasing the generated photocurrent in the device, and as a blocking layer that reduces electron-hole recombination. The ZnO core and encapsulating CuO shell are synthesized through chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and thermal oxidation of a Cu seed layer, respectively. The crystallinity of the synthesized ZnO and CuO is analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show the change in morphology through the steps of Cu seed layer deposition and thermal oxidation of this layer. To determine optical properties of CuO on ZnO nanorods, UV-Vis-NIR photospectrocopy is used. The comparison of conversion efficiency of DSSCs using two different photoelectrodes (i.e. ZnO nanorods versus ZnO-CuO core-shell nanostructure) is performed by I-V measurements. Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017.

关键词： Copper oxides

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Intricate modulation of interlayer coupling at GO/MoSe2 interface: application in time-dependent optics and device transport

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Maji, Tuhin Kumar Vaibhav, Kumar Pal, Samir Kumar Majumdar, Kausik Adarsh, K.V. Karmakar, Debjani Department of Chemical Biological and Macromolecular Sciences S.N. Bose National Centre for Basics Sciences Salt Lake Sector 3 Kolkata700106 India Computer Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay400085 India Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India Department of Physics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal462066 India Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay400085 India

In GO/MoSe2 semiconductor heterostructure, we have demonstrated a subtle control on the doping dynamics by modulating interlayer coupling through the combination of strain-reducing relative rotation of the constituting layers and variation of ligand type and concentration. By first-principles calculations incorporating spin-orbital coupling, we have investigated the impact of variable interlayer coupling in introducing non-collinear magnetic behaviour in the heterostructure. The outcome of varying carrier type and their respective concentrations are investigated by static as well as time dependent density functional calculations, which indicates presence of optical anisotropy and time-dependent optical phenomena like exciton quenching and band-gap renormalization. Performance of such heterostructures as channel material in devices with top and edge metal contacts is analyzed. Our self-consistent quantum transport calculations have evinced that the nature of interface-induced variation in doping is extrapolated for devices only in the case of top contacts. The edge contact, although exhibits a better transmission, are inefficient for sensing the ligand-induced doping modulation introduced via vertical inter-layer charge transfer. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ligands

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Polybenzimidazole membranes with nanophase-separated structure induced by non-ionic hydrophilic side chains for vanadium flow batteries

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2017年第9期6卷 3895-3905页

作者： Sangshan Peng Xuemei Wu Xiaoming Yan Li Gao Yangzhi Zhu Daishuang Zhang Jie Li Qian Wang Gaohong He State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Panjin China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Materials Science Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes with nanophase-separated structure induced by non-ionic hydrophilic side chain are designed and fabricated for vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). The designed PBI membranes are prepared by grafting non-ionic hydrophilic side chains via an N-substitution reaction. This molecular modification induces nanophase separation and formation of hydrophilic clusters, which act as effective proton transfer pathways, hence dramatically improving the proton conductivity. Meanwhile, the vanadium permeability is inappreciable due to the appropriate size of hydrophilic clusters and Donnan exclusion of protonated grafted-PBI membranes (GPBI). Free from ion exchange groups, GPBI membranes maintain the good chemical stability of the pristine PBI membrane. As a result, the designed membrane exhibits an impressive performance, combining ultrahigh proton conductivity, ion selectivity and chemical stability. The GPBI-based VFB exhibits a coulombic efficiency of over 99% and an energy efficiency of 84% at 120 mA cm⁻², the highest reported for dense PBI membranes for VFB applications. The decent stability of GPBI membranes is demonstrated by the stable performance over 200 charge–discharge cycles and the ex situ immersion test. This work provides a new insight into the design of high-performance PBI membranes for VFB applications.

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Corrigendum to High Keratin 8/18 Ratio Predicts Aggressive Hepatocellular Cancer Phenotype12 [Translational Oncology Volume 12, Issue 2, February 2019, Pages 256-268]

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Translational oncology 2020年第2期13卷 490-492页

作者： N Golob-Schwarzl K Bettermann A K Mehta S M Kessler J Unterluggauer S Krassnig K Kojima X Chen Y Hoshida N M Bardeesy H Müller V Svendova M G Schimek C Diwoky A Lipfert V Mahajan C Stumptner A Thüringer L F Fröhlich T Stojakovic K P R Nilsson T Kolbe T Rülicke T M Magin P Strnad A K Kiemer R Moriggl Johannes Haybaeck Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine Graz Austria. Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria. Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Avenue Boston MA 02215 USA. Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biology Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany. Liver Tumor Translational Research Program University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas USA. Center for Cancer Research Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA. Institute for Medical Informatics Statistics and Documentation Medical University of Graz Graz Austria. Institute of Medical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz Graz Austria. Institute of Medical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria. AG VABOS Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery Univerity of Muenster Germany. Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics Medical University of Graz Graz Austria. Department of Chemistry Linköping University Linköping Sweden. Biomodels Austria (Biat) University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria Department IFA-Tulln University for Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna Vienna Austria. Institute of Laboratory Animal Science University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria. Institute of Biology University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany. Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany. Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine Graz Austria. Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna Austria Ludwig Bolzmann Institute of Cancer Research Vienna Austria Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria. Department of Pathology Medical Faculty Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany. Electronic address: Johannes.haybaeck@med.ovgu.de.

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Relevance of packing to colloidal self-assembly

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Cersonsky, Rose van Anders, Greg Dodd, Paul M. Glotzer, Sharon C. Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Since the 1920s, packing arguments have been used to rationalize crystal structures in systems ranging from atomic mixtures to colloidal crystals. Packing arguments have recently been applied to complex nanoparticle structures, where they often, but not always, work. We examine when, if ever, packing is a causal mechanism in hard particle approximations of colloidal crystals. We investigate three crystal structures comprised of their ideal packing shapes. We show that, contrary to expectations, the ordering mechanism cannot be packing, even when the thermodynamically self-assembled structure is the same as that of the densest packing. We also show that the best particle shapes for hard particle colloidal crystals in the infinite pressure limit are imperfect versions of the ideal packing shape. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crystal atomic structure

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A New Data-Driven Sparse-Learning Approach to Study chemical Reaction Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Harirchi, Farshad Kim, Doohyun Khalil, Omar Liu, Sijia Elvati, Paolo Hero, Alfred Violi, Angela Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2125 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2125 United States Biophysics Program Departments of Chemical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-2125 United States

chemical kinetic mechanisms can be represented by sets of elementary reactions that are easily translated into mathematical terms using physicochemical relationships. The schematic representation of reactions captures the interactions between reacting species and products. Determining the minimal chemical interactions underlying the dynamic behavior of systems is a major task. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for the identification of the inuential reactions in chemical reaction networks for combustion applications, using a data-driven sparse-learning technique. The proposed approach identifies a set of inuential reactions using species concentrations and reaction rates, with minimal computational cost without requiring additional data or simulations. The new approach is applied to analyze the combustion chemistry of H2andC3H8in a constant-volume homogeneous reactor. The inuential reactions identified by the sparse-learning method are consistent with the current kinetics knowledge of chemical mechanisms. Additionally, we show that a reduced version of the parent mechanism can be generated as a combination of the inuential reactions identified at different times and conditions and that for both H2andC3H8this reduced mechanism performs closely to the parent mechanism as a function of ignition delay over a wide range of conditions. Our results demonstrate the potential of the sparse-learning approach as an effective and efficient tool for mechanism analysis and mechanism reduction. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning systems

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Corrigendum to "Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for high-level astaxanthin production with high productivity" [Metab. Eng. 49 (2018) 105-115]

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Metabolic engineering 2019年 54卷 285页

作者： Seon Young Park Robert M Binkley Won Jun Kim Mun Hee Lee Sang Yup Lee Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 plus program) Institute for the BioCentury Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Republic of Korea Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory KAIST Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 plus program) Institute for the BioCentury Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 34141 Daejeon Republic of Korea. Systems Metabolic Engineering and Systems Healthcare Cross-Generation Collaborative Laboratory KAIST Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea BioProcess Engineering Research Center and BioInformatics Research Center KAIST 34141 Daejeon Republic of Korea. Electronic address: leesy@kaist.ac.kr.

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Graphene-carbon nanotube hybrids for energy and environmental applications /

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2017年

作者： Fan Wei

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