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Energy Storage: Confined Assembly of Hollow Carbon Spheres in Carbonaceous Nanotube: A Spheres-in-Tube Carbon Nanostructure with Hierarchical Porosity for High-Performance Supercapacitor (Small 19/2018)

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Small 2018年第19期14卷

作者： Ze Chen Sunjie Ye Stephen D. Evans Yuanhang Ge Zhifeng Zhu Yingfeng Tu Xiaoming Yang State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application Department of Polymer Science and Engineering College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK

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All-sky search for continuous gravitational waves from isolated neutron stars in the early O3 LIGO data

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Physical Review D 2021年第8期104卷 082004-082004页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic R. L. Byer L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illi

We report on an all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves in the frequency band 20–2000 Hz and with a frequency time derivative in the range of [−1.0,+0.1]×10−8 Hz/s. Such a signal could be produced by a nearby, spinning and slightly nonaxisymmetric isolated neutron star in our Galaxy. This search uses the LIGO data from the first six months of Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s third observational run, O3. No periodic gravitational wave signals are observed, and 95% confidence-level (C.L.) frequentist upper limits are placed on their strengths. The lowest upper limits on worst-case (linearly polarized) strain amplitude h0 are ∼1.7×10−25 near 200 Hz. For a circularly polarized source (most favorable orientation), the lowest upper limits are ∼6.3×10−26. These strict frequentist upper limits refer to all sky locations and the entire range of frequency derivative values. For a population-averaged ensemble of sky locations and stellar orientations, the lowest 95% C.L. upper limits on the strain amplitude are ∼1.4×10−25. These upper limits improve upon our previously published all-sky results, with the greatest improvement (factor of ∼2) seen at higher frequencies, in part because quantum squeezing has dramatically improved the detector noise level relative to the second observational run, O2. These limits are the most constraining to date over most of the parameter space searched.

关键词： Astrophysical studies of gravity Gravitational wave detection Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves

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Upper limits on the isotropic gravitational-wave background from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo’s third observing run

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Physical Review D 2021年第2期104卷 022004-022004页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo S. Barnum F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic R. L. Byer L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Università di Napoli “Federico II” Complesso Universitario

We report results of a search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background (GWB) using data from Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s third observing run (O3) combined with upper limits from the earlier O1 and O2 runs. Unlike in previous observing runs in the advanced detector era, we include Virgo in the search for the GWB. The results of the search are consistent with uncorrelated noise, and therefore we place upper limits on the strength of the GWB. We find that the dimensionless energy density ΩGW≤5.8×10−9 at the 95% credible level for a flat (frequency-independent) GWB, using a prior which is uniform in the log of the strength of the GWB, with 99% of the sensitivity coming from the band 20–76.6 Hz; ΩGW(f)≤3.4×10−9 at 25 Hz for a power-law GWB with a spectral index of 2/3 (consistent with expectations for compact binary coalescences), in the band 20–90.6 Hz; and ΩGW(f)≤3.9×10−10 at 25 Hz for a spectral index of 3, in the band 20–291.6 Hz. These upper limits improve over our previous results by a factor of 6.0 for a flat GWB, 8.8 for a spectral index of 2/3, and 13.1 for a spectral index of 3. We also search for a GWB arising from scalar and vector modes, which are predicted by alternative theories of gravity; we do not find evidence of these, and place upper limits on the strength of GWBs with these polarizations. We demonstrate that there is no evidence of correlated noise of magnetic origin by performing a Bayesian analysis that allows for the presence of both a GWB and an effective magnetic background arising from geophysical Schumann resonances. We compare our upper limits to a fiducial model for the GWB from the merger of compact binaries, updating the model to use the most recent data-driven population inference from the systems detected during O3a. Finally, we combine our results with observations of individual mergers and show that, at design sensitivity, this joint approach may yield stronger constraints on the merger rate of binary black holes at z≳2

关键词： Gravitational wave detection

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Power-law creep from discrete dislocation dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Keralavarma, Shyam M. Cagin, T. Arsenlis, A. Amine Benzerga, A. Department of Aerospace Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94551 United States

We report two-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics simulations of combined dislocation glide and climb leading to 'power-law' creep in a model aluminum crystal. The approach fully accounts for matter transport due to vacancy diffusion and its coupling with dislocation motion. The existence of quasi-equilibrium or jammed states under the applied creep stresses enables observations of diffusion and climb over time scales relevant to power-law creep. The predictions for the creep rates and stress exponents fall within experimental ranges, indicating that the underlying physics is well captured. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dislocations (crystals)

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Self-assembly and pH-Responsive Properties of Poly(L-glutamic acid-r-Lleucine) and Poly(L-glutamic acid-r-L-leucine)-b-Polysarcosine

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2015年第8期33卷 1186-1195页

作者： Ce Tian 凌君 You-qing Shen MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University

Polypeptides and polypeptoids were widely used as biomedical materials because of their good biocompatibility. In this work we reported a series of pH-responsive copolypeptides and polypeptide-polypeptoid block copolymers, i.e. random copolymers of L-glutamic acid （Glu） with L-leucine （Leu） [poly（Glu-r-Leu）s], as well as their block copolymers with polysarcosine （polySar）. Well-defined poly（Glu-r-Leu）s with predictable compositions and molecular weights were synthesized by ring opening polymerization of corresponding N-carboxyanhydride monomers. We investigated the relationship between hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity transition and copolymer composition. With increasing Leu fraction, both the pH value of cloud point and the micellar size increased. Poly（Glu-r-Leu） with 60% Leu exhibited a cloud point at the pH of 5.0 to 6.0 the same as that in endosome and lysosome. Poly（Glu-r-Leu）-b-polySars assembled in phosphate buffer and performed pH-responsive morphology change from orbicular micelles at high pH to worm-like micelles at low pH. They were potential pH-responsive carriers for drug and gene delivery to enhance cargo release in cellules.

关键词： α-Amino acid NCA Random/block copolypeptide pH-Responsive Hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity transition.

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Self‐Assembly of Wireframe DNA Nanostructures from Junction Motifs

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第35期131卷

作者： Kai Huang Donglei Yang Zhenyu Tan Silian Chen Ye Xiang Yongli Mi Chengde Mao Bryan Wei School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University-Peking University Center for Life Sciences Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM) Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200127 China Present address: Biophysics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Center for Infectious Disease Research Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Beijing Advanced Innvation Center for Structural Biology Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100084 China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Wireframe frameworks have been investigated for the construction of complex nanostructures from a scaffolded DNA origami approach; however, a similar framework is yet to be fully explored in a scaffold‐free “LEGO” approach. Herein, we describe a general design scheme to construct wireframe DNA nanostructures entirely from short synthetic strands. A typical edge of the resulting structures in this study is composed of two parallel duplexes with crossovers on both ends, and three, four, or five edges radiate out from a certain vertex. By using such a self‐assembly scheme, we produced planar lattices and polyhedral objects.

关键词： DNA-Nanostrukturen Drahtgitterstrukturen Selbstorganisation Verzweigungsmotive

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Building a concept inventory for numerical methods: A chronology 123

Building a concept inventory for numerical methods: A chrono...

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123rd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Kaw, Autar K. Lou, Yingyan Scott, Andrew Miller, Ronald L. University of South Florida United States Arizona State University Civil Environmental and Sustainable Engineering Program School of Sustainable Engineering and The Built Environment Engineering United States Alabama A and M University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Huntsville United States Colorado School of Mines Department of Chemical Engineering United States

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Observation of a μs isomer in In8549134: Proton-neutron coupling “southeast” of Sn8250132

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Physical Review C 2019年第1期100卷 011302(R)-011302(R)页

作者： V. H. Phong G. Lorusso T. Davinson A. Estrade O. Hall J. Liu K. Matsui F. Montes S. Nishimura A. Boso P. H. Regan R. Shearman Z. Y. Xu J. Agramunt J. M. Allmond D. S. Ahn A. Algora H. Baba N. T. Brewer C. G. Bruno R. Caballero-Folch F. Calvino M. Wolińska-Cichocka G. Cortes I. Dillmann C. Domingo-Pardo A. Gargano S. Go C. J. Griffin R. K. Grzywacz L. Harkness-Brennan T. Isobe A. Jungclaus D. Kahl L. H. Khiem G. Kiss A. Korgul S. Kubono K. Miernik A. I. Morales N. Nepal M. Piersa Zs. Podolyák B. C. Rasco K. P. Rykaczewski H. Sakurai Y. Shimizu D. W. Stacener T. Sumikama H. Suzuki H. Takeda J. L. Tain A. Tarifeño-Saldivia A. Tolosa-Delgado V. Vaquero P. J. Woods R. Yokoyama C. Yuan RIKEN Nishina Center RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Faculty of Physics VNU University of Science 334 Nguyen Trai Thanh Xuan 120062 Hanoi Vietnam Chemical Medical and Enviromental Science Division National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW110LW United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Edinburgh EH9 3FD Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant Michigan 48859 USA Department of Physics the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Department of Physics University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku 113-0033 Tokyo Japan National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA Department of Physics University of Surrey Guildford GU27XH United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC-Universitat de Valencia) Apartado Correos 22085 E-46071 Valencia Spain Physics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Institute of Nuclear Research MTA ATOMKI Debrecen 4026 Hungary Physics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37830 USA TRIUMF Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 2A3 INTE-ETSEIB Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC) E-08028 Barcelona Spain Heavy Ion Laboratory University of Warsaw PL-02-093 Warsaw Poland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria Victoria Canada BC V8P 5C2 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Department of Physics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZE United Kingdom Instituto de Estructura de la Materia CSIC E-28006 Madrid Spain Institute of Physics Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 10 Dao Tan Ba Dinh 118011 Hanoi Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Techno

We report on the observation of a microsecond isomeric state in the single-proton-hole, three-neutron-particle nucleus In134. The nuclei of interest were produced by in-flight fission of a U238 beam at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. The isomer depopulates through a γ ray of energy 56.7(1) keV and with a half-life of T1/2=3.5(4)μs. Based on the comparison with shell-model calculations, we interpret the isomer as the Iπ=5− member of the π0g9/2−1⊗ν1f7/23 multiplet, decaying to the Iπ=7− ground state with a reduced-transition probability of B(E2;5−→7−)=0.53(6)W.u. Observation of this isomer, and lack of evidence in the current work for a Iπ=5− isomer decay in In132, provides a benchmark of the proton-neutron interaction in the region of the nuclear chart “southeast” of Sn132, where experimental information on excited states is sparse.

关键词： Isomer decays Lifetimes & widths Nuclear structure & decays Rare & new isotopes Shell model 90 ≤ A ≤ 149

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Student perceptions of faculty support: Do class size or institution type matter? 123

Student perceptions of faculty support: Do class size or ins...

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123rd ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Allendoerfer, Cheryl Wilson, Denise Plett, Melani Bates, Rebecca A. Smith, Tamara Floyd Veilleux, Nanette M. University of Washington College of Engineering United States University of Washington Department of Electrical Engineering Seattle United States Seattle Pacific University United States Minnesota State University Department of Integrated Engineering Program Mankato United States Tuskegee University Department of Chemical Engineering United States Simmons College Computer Science and Informatics Program BostonMA United States

In the context of Tinto's Model of Institutional Departure, faculty support is critical to academic integration, which in turn is an essential element of persistence in college. Thus, understanding students' perceptions of faculty support in varied settings can provide insight into student satisfaction, performance, and persistence in engineering programs. In this study, focus groups were conducted with 175 students from five different institutions and a variety of engineering and computer science majors. The institutions in this study included a small women's college, a historically black university, a small private university, a medium size teaching university, and a large public research university. Focus group transcripts were coded and analyzed qualitatively. Findings from this analysis show that in some settings, despite a perceived lack of formal, in-class faculty support, students are still able to find faculty support outside the classroom, while in other settings this informal support is also perceived as lacking. In general, smaller environments with smaller student-to-faculty ratios appear to support stronger perceptions of support, although through different pathways. A small class size does not guarantee that students will perceive greater faculty support in that class. Large class sizes are not automatically detrimental for students, but they can be if students in those classes feel a lack of faculty support or availability both in and out of the classroom. With regard to institution type, the notion that undergraduates perceive lower levels of faculty support at research institutions holds true. This study has not verified whether the level of faculty support is actually less at research institutions, but only that students' self-reported perceptions of that support were lower at the research-focused institution when compared to teaching-focused institutions in this study. Regardless, given the importance of faculty support in persistence and other a

关键词： Class size engineering Faculty support Faculty-student interactions Institution type

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Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Cooling Induced Surface Reconstruction during Synthesis of High‐Ni Layered Oxides (Adv. Energy Mater. 43/2019)

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Advanced Energy Materials 2019年第43期9卷

作者： Ming‐Jian Zhang Xiaobing Hu Maofan Li Yandong Duan Luyi Yang Chong Yin Mingyuan Ge Xianghui Xiao Wah‐Keat Lee Jun Young Peter Ko Khalil Amine Zonghai Chen Yimei Zhu Eric Dooryhee Jianming Bai Feng Pan Feng Wang School of Advanced Materials Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China Sustainable Energy Technologies Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA School of Science Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang 050018 P. R. China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 P. R. China National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA The Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Electrochemical Technology Program Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC) Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) Dammam 34212 Saudi Arabia

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