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作者： Palermo, Edmund F. McNeil, Anne J. Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann ArborMI48109-1055 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780841230019

Gradient sequence copolymers exhibit a gradual change in comonomer composition along the polymer chain. These novel materials are interesting because they exhibit unique properties compared to their random, alternating and block copolymer counterparts. We describe herein the synthesis and characterization of the first π-conjugated gradient sequence copolymers, which have only recently been accessible via a controlled, chain-growth synthetic method. We demonstrate that the gradient sequence copolymers exhibit unique thermal, optical and morphological properties compared to the analogous block and random copolymers. In addition, we show that gradient sequence copolymers can act as additives to modulate the thin film morphologies and phase separation behavior of polymer/polymer and polymer/fullerene blends. The impact of gradient sequence copolymer-based additives in stabilizing bulk heterojunction organic solar cells is also described. © 2014 American chemical Society.

关键词： Phase separation

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Synthesis, characterization, and thermochemical property of a novel mixed alkali metal borate: NaCs[B10O14(OH)4]

Synthesis, characterization, and thermochemical property of ...

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作者： Li, Lian-Qing Song, Qing Li, Ping Huang, Hong-Sheng Liu, Zhi-Hong Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ShaanXi Xue Qian Normal University Xi'an 710010 China

A novel mixed alkali metal hydrated borate NaCs[B10O 14(OH)4] was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, TG-DTA, powder X-ray diffraction, and chemical analysis. NaCs[B10O14(OH)4] crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2/c with a = 7.6588(3) Å, b = 9.0074(3) Å, c = 11.8708(6) Å, and β = 115.682(3)°. The crystal structure of NaCs[B10O14(OH)4] consists of Na-O, Cs-O polyhedral, and [B10O14(OH) 4]2- polyborate anions. [B10O 14(OH)4]2- units are connected together through common oxygen atoms forming a 1D helical chain-like structure, which are further connected by O-H···O hydrogen bonds forming a 3D supramolecular structure. Through a designed thermochemical cycle, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of this borate was determined to be -7888.6 ± 8.1 kJ mol-1 by using a heat conduction microcalorimeter. © 2014 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

关键词： Hydrothermal synthesis

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Dynamic binder migration characterized by IR measurements 13

Dynamic binder migration characterized by IR measurements

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13th TAPPI Advanced Coating Fundamentals Symposium 2014

作者： Chattopadhyay, Ritwik Bousfield, Douglas Tripp, Carl Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemistry Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Maine United States

•Method is able to quantify concentrations of starch, latex, calcium carbonate, and kaolin dynamically. • Binder can migrate even after FCC. • Large pigment sizes enhances, not only latex migration, but starch migrati... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781510801295

关键词： Latexes

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Multimodal Imaging: Surfactant‐Stripped Frozen Pheophytin Micelles for Multimodal Gut Imaging (Adv. Mater. 38/2016)

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Advanced Materials 2016年第38期28卷

作者： Yumiao Zhang Depeng Wang Shreya Goel Boyang Sun Upendra Chitgupi Jumin Geng Haiyan Sun Todd E. Barnhart Weibo Cai Jun Xia Jonathan F. Lovell Department of Biomedical Engineering University at Buffalo The State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo The State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison WI 53705 USA Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison WI 53705 USA Department of Medical Physics University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison WI 53705 USA

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Frontispiece: Quantum Crystallography: Current Developments and Future Perspectives

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Chemistry – A European Journal 2018年第43期24卷

作者： Alessandro Genoni Lukas Bučinský Nicolas Claiser Julia Contreras-García Birger Dittrich Paulina M. Dominiak Enrique Espinosa Carlo Gatti Paolo Giannozzi Jean-Michel Gillet Dylan Jayatilaka Piero Macchi Anders Ø. Madsen Lou Massa Chérif F. Matta Kenneth M. Merz Jr. Philip N. H. Nakashima Holger Ott Ulf Ryde Karlheinz Schwarz Marek Sierka Simon Grabowsky Université de Lorraine CNRS Laboratoire LPCT 1 Boulevard Arago F-57078 Metz France Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics Slovak University of Technology FCHPT SUT Radlinského 9 SK-812 37 Bratislava Slovakia Université de Lorraine CNRS Laboratoire CRM2 Boulevard des Aiguillettes BP 70239 F-54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France Sorbonne Universités UPMC Université Paris 06 CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT) 4 Place Jussieu F-75252 Paris Cedex 05 France Anorganische und Strukturchemie II Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany Biological and Chemical Research Centre Department of Chemistry University of Warsaw ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland CNR-ISTM Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari via Golgi 19 Milano I-20133 Italy Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere via Brera 28 20121 Milano Italy Department of Mathematics Computer Science and Physics University of Udine Via delle Scienze 208 I-33100 Udine Italy Structure Properties and Modeling of Solids Laboratory CentraleSupelec Paris-Saclay University 3 rue Joliot-Curie 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Perth WA 6009 Australia Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 CH-3012 Bern Switzerland Department of Pharmacy University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark Hunter College & the Ph.D. Program of the Graduate Center City University of New York New York USA Department of Chemistry and Physics Mount Saint Vincent University Halifax Nova Scotia B3M 2J6 Canada Department of Chemistry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4J3 Canada Department of Chemistry Saint Mary's University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 3C3 Canada Département de Chimie Université Laval Québec QC G1V 0A6 Canada Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan Stat

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Mechanisms that determine tack force experienced by the paper during printing 66

Mechanisms that determine tack force experienced by the pape...

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66th Annual Technical Conference of the Technical Association of the Graphic Arts, TAGA: Disseminating Graphic Arts Research Internationally since 1948

作者： Gates, Harrison Bousfield, Douglas W. Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Maine OronoME04469 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781935185062

During offset printing, delamination of the paper or paper coating can occur leading to serious print defects and press operation failure. A number of publications have reported tack forces that are measured during the printing of a solid region. However, often parameters are not clear the with regard to the effect of nip loading, speed, and ink rheology on this force. A device that simulates the press roll is used to characterize the pressure pulse of an ink layer as it travels through a nip. The loading of the nip is controlled by air pressure. The speed of the rolls is well controlled by the computer. The pressure distribution is obtained with a flush mounted piezoelectric sensor. A series of Newtonian fluids are used on the roll surfaces as well as a series of inks that were rated for different ink tacks. The pressure pulses are similar to past results with a positive pressure as ink goes into the roll, and a sub-ambient pressure as the ink splits. The magnitude of this sub-ambient pressure is called tack. Tack is a function of speed and nip loading, increasing to a point for both. However, at higher speeds, the tack becomes a constant value. This value must be related to the fluid being tested and its ability to withstand tensile force. A magenta ink had tack values that were three times the values of the viscous silicon oil. Inks with different tack ratings did not show the expected trend in terms of tack force in this device.

关键词： Newtonian liquids

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Force meaurements for coating and printing webs

Force meaurements for coating and printing webs

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Paper Conference and Trade Show, PaperCon 2014

作者： Gates, Harrison Bousfield, Douglas W. Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Maine OronoME04469 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510801288

The forces that a paper web experiences during coating or printing are critical to understand for good design and operation of coating or printing processes. While it is routine to measure ink tack values with various devices, it is not well understood what parameters determine the magnitude of the tack value. Others have recorded the pressure distribution in a lab scale printing nip for cases of printing a continuous layer. However, little is understood for patches of inks that are contacting a deformable web as typically encountered in offset printing where ink is transferred from the blanket to the paper surface. A mechanical tester (Instron) is configured with parallel plates to pull fluid in tension between two plates. Tests are conducted in various ways: starting from a known gap against a rigid plate, starting from a known compression against a rubber backed plate with and without shims to fix the gap. A web, with a known tension, is mounted in the test area. Fluid is pulled between the web and the top plate. The force is recorded as a function of web tension, crosshead velocity, fluid viscosity, and volume. At finer gaps, reduced forces are found compared to lubrication theory predictions. Repeated tests reduce tack, possibly due to increased nucleation sites, until a saturation threshold is reached. The force-displacement results are analyzed in terms of tack, energy, and cavitation. A new expression is developed that uses dimensionless groups to collapse data onto a single line. Tack as a function of web tension is predicted from an empirical relation based on energy conservation.

关键词： Coatings

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The use of Cellulose Nanofibers in paper coating formulation

The use of Cellulose Nanofibers in paper coating formulation

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Paper Conference and Trade Show, PaperCon 2014

作者： Richmond, Finley Haughwout, Christian Bousfield, Douglas Paper Surface Science Program Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Maine OranoME04469 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510801288

Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) have the potential to be produced by mechanical methods at low cost in paper mills. One natural use of CNF would be as a component of a paper coating formulation, either as a thickener or co-binder. Preliminary results demonstrate strength improvements [1], but more work is needed to overcome some of the rheological challenges of using CNF and to document the properties of coating layers that contain CNF. CNF was produced with a bleached softwood kraft pulp, dispersed with a beater at 3.5% solids and sent to a single disk refiner. The pulp was circulated through the refiner until the fines content was over 90%. The suspension is increased to 15% solids by filtration. In all cases, the total solids of the mixtures remained at 60%. The rheological properties of the coating were characterized with a controlled stress rheometer using parallel plate geometries. The coatings were applied to wood free paper with a laboratory rod coater and a high speed cylindrical laboratory coater (CLC). Samples were calendered and tested for gloss, smoothness, brightness, stiffness, and pick velocity. Steady shear viscosities increase rapidly with CNF additions compared to starch. The coatings are highly shear thinning and have significant storage and loss moduli. One unexpected finding is that CNF increases the coating formulation viscosity, but it also increases the dewatering rate. All coatings could be applied with the rod coater, but coatings with 5pph or more of CNF, could not be applied with the CLC coater. This difficulty seems to be a result of the material not flowing to the blade-paper nip when the shutter was opened and not because of some flow problem under the blade itself. Coatings containing CNF had increased in brightness, but decreased in gloss, especially for rod coated samples. Stiffness increased about 40% for blade coated samples. At low levels of CNF, pick velocity increased, but at higher levels, pick velocity decreased. This result seem

关键词： Nanocellulose

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Frequency‐Driven Self‐Organized Helical Superstructures Loaded with Mesogen‐Grafted Silica Nanoparticles

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Angewandte Chemie 2016年第42期128卷

作者： Karla G. Gutierrez‐Cuevas Ling Wang Zhi‐gang Zheng Hari K. Bisoyi Guoqiang Li Loon‐Seng Tan Richard A. Vaia Quan Li Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State University Columbus OH 43212 USA Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433 USA

Adding colloidal nanoparticles into liquid‐crystal media has become a promising pathway either to enhance or to introduce novel properties for improved device performance. Here we designed and synthesized new colloidal hybrid silica nanoparticles passivated with a mesogenic monolayer on the surface to facilitate their organo‐solubility and compatibility in a liquid‐crystal host. The resulting nanoparticles were identified by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, and UV/Vis techniques, and the hybrid nanoparticles were doped into a dual‐frequency cholesteric liquid‐crystal host to appraise both their compatibility with the host and the effect of the doping concentration on their electro‐optical properties. Interestingly, the silica‐nanoparticle‐doped liquid‐crystalline nanocomposites were found to be able to dynamically self‐organize into a helical configuration and exhibit multi‐stability, that is, homeotropic (transparent), focal conic (opaque), and planar states (partially transparent), depending on the frequency applied at sustained low voltage. Significantly, a higher contrast ratio between the transparent state and scattering state was accomplished in the nanoparticle‐embedded liquid‐crystal systems.

关键词： Einstellbare Transparenz Frequenzabhängigkeit Helikale Überstrukturen Flüssigkristalle Silika-Nanopartikel

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A general, rapid and solvent-free approach to fabricating nanostructured polymer surfaces

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science China(Technological sciences) 2014年第12期57卷 2328-2334页

作者： TIAN Wei HUANG Long Biao WANG Da Wei Roy V. A. L. Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Physics and Materials ScienceCity University of Hong Kong School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Lehn Institute of Functional Materials Sun Yat-Sen University

A general, rapid and solvent-free approach is proposed to fabricate nanostructured polymer surfaces by coupling ultrasonic vi- bration and anodized aluminum oxide templating. With our approach, hollow nanorods or nanofibers with controlled diameter and length are prepared on polymer surfaces. The whole fabrication process is completed in ～30 s and equally applicable to polymers of different crystalline structures. The wettability of the as-fabricated polymer surfaces （being hydrophilic, hydro- phobic, highly hydrophobic or even superhydrophobic） is readily regulated by adjusting the welding time from 0 s to a maxi- mum of 10 s. Our approach can be a promising industrial basis for manufacturing functional nanomaterials in the fields of electronics, optics, sensors, biology, medicine, coating, or fluidic technologies.

关键词： nanomaterials nanostructured polymer surfaces ultrasonic vibration anodized aluminum oxide template wettability

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