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Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo Matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli Christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global Centre for Clean Air Research(GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psychiatry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate ***,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling ***,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the *** the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future *** global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

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Increased corrosion resistance of steel substrates coated with epoxy resin/ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 obtained from electric arc furnace dust recovery

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Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9462-9472页

作者： Mário Andrean Macedo Castro Tanara Caroline Nunes Nicácio Antonio Carlos do Nascimento Santos José Eudes Lima Santos Luis David Loor-Urgilés Antonio Eduardo Martinelli Fabiana Villela da Motta Mauricio Bomio LSQM–Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Materials Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN P.O. Box 1524 Natal RN Brazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 Natal RN Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-900 Natal RN Brazil

The sustainable management of metal-rich industrial wastes, such as electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), remains a critical challenge for the steel industry. Although previous studies have investigated metal recovery routes and their application in functional materials, few have explored the reuse of these wastes as active components in anticorrosive coatings. This work proposes an innovative approach for valorizing EAFD, recovering iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and zinc (ZnO) oxides through acid leaching, basic precipitation, and heat treatment. After recovery, mixed ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 oxides were prepared in different proportions and incorporated as nanofillers in an epoxy matrix, creating a hybrid coating aimed at protecting carbon steel against corrosion. The obtained materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis, while the mechanical and anticorrosive properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness tests, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. After 240 h of immersion in saline solution and 360 h of Salt-spray test, the coating with the highest Fe 2 O 3 content demonstrated superior performance, reducing the corrosion rate by up to 100 times and increasing the load transfer resistance by up to 80 times. The contribution of this study lies in both the proposal of a new cycle for reusing steel waste and in demonstrating a viable route for developing high-performance anticorrosive coatings with potential for industrial application in sectors such as oil and gas. The combination of waste recovery and functional improvement of the material positions this study as a technologically and environmentally relevant solution.

关键词： EAFD ZnO Fe 2 O 3 Epoxy resin Anti-corrosive coatings

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Development of hybrid scaffolds with biodegradable polymer composites and bioactive hydrogels for bone tissue engineering

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Biomaterials Advances 2023年 153卷 213562页

作者： Chen, Yi-Ting Chuang, Ya-Han Chen, Chao-Ming Wang, Jir-You Wang, Jane Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Interdisciplinary Program of Life Science and Medicine National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Surgery and Traumatology Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei11217 Taiwan

The development of treatments for critical-sized bone defects has been considered an important topic in the biomedical field because of the high demand for transplantable bone grafts. Following the concept of tissue engineering, implantation of biocompatible porous scaffolds carrying cells and regulating factors is the most efficient strategy to stimulate clinical bone regeneration. With the advancement in the development of 3D-printing techniques, scaffolds with highly controllable architectures can be fabricated to further improve healing efficacies. However, challenges such as the limited biocompatibility of resin materials and poor cell-carrying capacities still exist in the application of current scaffolds. In this study, a novel biodegradable polymer, poly (ethylene glycol)-co-poly (glycerol sebacate) acrylate (PEGSA), was synthesized and blended with hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles to produce osteoinductive and photocurable resins for 3D printing. The composites were optimized and applied in the fabrication of gyroid scaffolds with biomimetic characteristics and high permeability, followed by the combination of bioactive hydrogels containing Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSC) to increase the efficiency of cell delivery. The promotion of osteogenesis from 3D-printed scaffolds was confirmed in-vivo while the hybrid scaffolds were proven to be great platforms for WJMSC culture and differentiation in-vitro. These results indicate that the proposed hybrid systems, combining osteoinductive 3D-printed scaffolds and cell-laden hydrogels, have great potential for bone tissue engineering and are expected to be applied in the treatment of bone defects based on active tissue regeneration. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： 3D printing

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Demonstration of a CAFQA-bootstrapped Variational Quantum Eigensolver on a trapped-ion quantum computer

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Qingfeng Zhukas, Liudmila Miao, Qiang Dalvi, Aniket S. Love, Peter J. Monroe, Christopher Chong, Frederic T. Ravi, Gokul Subramanian Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Duke University Durham United States Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Duke Quantum Center Duke University Durham United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Tufts University Medford United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago Chicago United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

To enhance the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE), the CAFQA method can utilize classical computational capabilities to identify a better initial state than the Hartree-Fock method. Previous research has demonstrated that the initial state provided by CAFQA recovers more correlation energy than that of the Hartree-Fock method and results in faster convergence. In the present study, we advance the investigation of CAFQA by demonstrating its advantages on a high-fidelity trapped-ion quantum computer located at the Duke Quantum Center—this is the first experimental demonstration of CAFQA-bootstrapped VQE on a TI device and on any academic quantum device. In our VQE experiment, we use LiH and BeH2 as test cases to show that CAFQA achieves faster convergence and obtains lower energy values within the specified computational budget limits. To ensure the seamless execution of VQE on this academic device, we develop a novel hardware-software interface framework that supports independent software environments for both the circuit and hardware end. This mechanism facilitates the automation of VQE-type job executions as well as mitigates the impact of random hardware interruptions. This framework is versatile and can be applied to a variety of academic quantum devices beyond the trapped-ion quantum computer platform, with support for integration with customized packages. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Restriction of Intramolecular Motion(RIM):Investigating AIE Mechanism from Experimental and Theoretical Studies

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chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2021年第1期37卷 1-15页

作者： ZHANG Jianyu ZHANG Haoke LAM Jacky W.Y. TANG Ben Zhong Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced Studyand Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongP.R.China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027P.R.China Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission SCUT-HKUST Joint Research InstituteState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640P.R.China Guangzhou Development District AIE InstituteGuangzhou510530P.R.China

Mechanistic studies promote scientific development from phenomena to ***-induced emission(AIE),as an unusual photophysical phenomenon,builds the bridge between molecular science and aggregate *** the twenty-year development of AIE,restriction of intramolecular motion(RIM)has been verified as the working mechanism of AIE *** this review,these mechanistic works about RIM are summarized from experimental and theoretical ***,the experimental studies are introduced from three parts:external rigidification,structural modification and structural *** the theoretical part,calculations on the low-frequency motion of AIEgens have been performed to prove the RIM *** virtue of the theoretical calculations,some new mechanisms are proposed to supplement the RIM,such as restriction of access to conical intersection,suppression of Kasha transition,restriction of access to dark state,*** is foreseeable that the RIM mechanism will unify the photophysical theories for both molecules and aggregates,and inspire more progress in aggregate science.

关键词： Aggregation-induced emission(AIE) Restriction of intramolecular motion Photophysical mechanism Aggregate science

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Efficient Predictions of Formation Energies and Convex Hulls from Density Functional Tight Binding Calculations

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Kumar, Anshuman Ali, Zulfikhar A. Wong, Bryan M. Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department of Physics & Astronomy Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

Defects in materials significantly alter their electronic and structural properties, which affect the performance of electronic devices, structural alloys, and functional materials. However, calculating all the possible defects in complex materials with conventional Density Functional Theory (DFT) can be computationally prohibitive. To enhance the efficiency of these calculations, we interfaced Density Functional Tight Binding (DFTB) with the Clusters Approach to Statistical Mechanics (CASM) software package for the first time to calculate formation energies and convex hulls. Using SiC and ZnO as representative examples, we show that DFTB gives accurate results and can be a computationally cheaper alternative to DFT. Our DFTB+CASM implementation allows for an efficient exploration (up to an order of magnitude faster than DFT) of formation energies and convex hulls, which researchers can use to probe other complex systems. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Phase equilibria and thermodynamics assessment of the Co–Fe–Nb ternary system

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Intermetallics 2024年 168卷

作者： Hutabalian, Yohanes Hermana, Gita Novian Laksono, Andromeda Dwi Chen, Sinn-wen Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Research and Development Center PT. Gotion Indonesia Materials Jakarta12950 Indonesia Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Bandung Polytechnic for Manufacturing West Java Bandung40135 Indonesia Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taiwan Taipei10672 Taiwan Study Program of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Soekarno-Hatta Street Km. 15 Karang Joang East Kalimantan Balikpapan76127 Indonesia High Entropy Materials Center National Tsing Hua University Taiwan Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

The Co–Fe–Nb materials system is a crucial material for magnetic applications. Despite its importance, the phase equilibria and thermodynamic characteristics of this ternary system have not been explored in detail. This study employs the Calphad method to model the phase equilibria of the Co–Fe–Nb ternary system. To obtain the ternary interaction parameters, the experimental data on the isothermal sections at temperatures ranging from 700 °C to 1300 °C was evaluated. These findings indicate that the Co–Fe–Nb system contains no ternary compound, and the (Co,Fe)7Nb6 phase exists as a single solid solution. Significant solubility of the third element in the binary compounds of Co2Nb (Laves C14) and Fe2Nb (Laves C15) is also observed. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, a liquidus projection of the system is presented, for the first time, revealing eight primary solidification phases in the Co–Fe–Nb ternary system. © 2024

关键词： Phase equilibria

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Multifunctional polyimides containing triarylamine for electrochromic flexible device, photodetector and resistance memory device

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Multifunctional Materials 2021年第3期4卷

作者： Gao, Yanyu Zhai, Minghao Sui, Yan Li, Dongxu Lin, Xiaoxue Pan, Shijia Pan, Qingjiang Niu, Haijun Wang, Wen Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering School of Chemical. Chemical Engineering and Materials Heilongjiang University Harbin150086 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150080 China

Integrating different functions in one material will decrease the volume, responding time, and price of device. Polyimides (PIs) are the optimal candidates because of excellent flexible mechanics, thermal stability, and transparent properties. In this work, a series of multifunctional flexible PIs were designed and synthesized from a novel functional triarylamine for electrochromic (EC) device. The PIs show promising application in EC with the efficiency of 205 cm2 C-1, memory devices with the ON/OFF ratio of 3.7 × 104, and photodetectors with a limit being of 0.07 V. Furthermore, the flexible EC device of PI-3 (short for PI 3 made of 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride) keeps excellent stability, and the optical contrast does not decrease even after 2000 cycles. © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Polyimides

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Stable Cycling of Sodium All-Solid-State Batteries with High-Capacity Cathode Presodiation

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Advanced Energy Materials 2025年第0期

作者： Tang, Wei Xu, Dapeng Wu, Junlin Lee, Dong Ju Fuqua, Alexander Li, Feng Jeon, Yuju Bian, Wenjuan Chen, Zheng Aiiso Yufeng Li Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Energy and Environment Science and Technology Idaho National Laboratory Idaho FallsID83415 United States Sustainable Power and Energy Center University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Sodium all-solid-state batteries (NaSSBs) with an alloy-type anode (e.g., Sn and Sb) offer superior capacity and energy density compared to hard carbon anode. However, the irreversible loss of Na+ at the alloy anode during the initial cycle results in diminished capacity and stability, impairing full-cell performance. This study presents an easy-to-implement cathode presodiation strategy by employing a Na-rich material to address these challenges. Leveraging the high theoretical capacity and suitable voltage window, Na2S is chosen as the Na donor, which is activated by creating a mixed electron-ion conducting network, delivering a high capacity of 511.7 mAh g−1. By adding a small amount (i.e., 3 wt.%) of Na2S to the cathode composite, a NaCrO2 || Sn full cell demonstrated capacity improvement from 90.8 to 118.2 mAh g−1 (based on cathode mass). The capacity-balanced full cell can thus cycle to more than 300 times with >90% capacity retention. This work provides a practical solution to enhance the full-cell performance and advance the transformation from half-cell to full-cell applications of NaSSBs. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Solid-State Batteries

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Assessment of solar-assisted electrooxidation of bisphenol AF and bisphenol A on boron-doped diamond electrodes

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Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2020年第3期3卷 23-31页

作者： Jing Ding Lingjun Bu Bingxin Cui Guanshu Zhao Qingwei Gao Liangliang Wei Qingliang Zhao Dionysios D.Dionysiou State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment(SKLUWRE) School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China Department of Water Engineering and Science College of Civil EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH45221USA

Bisphenol(BP)analogues in wastewater effluent and groundwater pose a potential threat to human health due to their ability to disrupt steroidogenesis.A new solar-assisted electrochemical process(SECP)was developed and evaluated for the degradation of BP *** effects of quenchers,current density,initial pH,supporting electrolyte,and aqueous matrix on the removal kinetics of bisphenol AF(BPAF)and bisphenol A(BPA)were *** kinetic constants of BPAF,BPA,and bisphenol S(BPS)in the SECP with irradiation intensity of 500 mW cm^(-2) were 0.017±0.002 min^(-1),0.022±0.002 min^(-1),and 0.012±0.001 min^(-1),*** changes in the degradation rates of BPAF,BPA,and BPS in the presence of quenchers indicated the relative contribution of hydroxyl radical(·OH)oxidation,anodic electrolysis,and singlet(^(1)O_(2))oxygenation in the degradation of BPs in the *** enhanced rate of generation of ·OH and ^(1)O_(2) was observed in the SECP compared with those in the conventional electrochemical *** identification of the transformation products(TPs)of BPAF demonstrated that hydroxylation,ring cleavage,b-scission,and defluorination were the major processes during the oxidation in the *** conversion to fluoride ions(76%)and mineralization of total organic carbon(72%)in the SECP indicated further degradation of *** results from this study improved our understanding of the degradation of BP analogues in the electrooxidation irradiated by solar light and help to establish the application potential of the SECP for the effective degradation of emerging contaminants in wastewater.

关键词： Electrochemical process Solar Radicals Bisphenol AF Wastewater treatment

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