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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bi, Liya Jamnuch, Sasawat Chen, Amanda Do, Alexandria Balto, Krista P. Wang, Zhe Zhu, Qingyi Wang, Yufei Zhang, Yanning Tao, Andrea R. Pascal, Tod A. Figueroa, Joshua S. Li, Shaowei Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0309 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0418 United States Department of Nano and Chemical Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0448 United States Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China

Direct imaging of single molecules at nanostructured interfaces is a grand challenge, with potential to enable new, precise material architectures and technologies. Of particular interest are the structural morphology and spectroscopic signatures of the adsorbed molecule, where modern probes are only now being developed with the necessary spatial and energetic resolution to provide detailed information at molecule-surface interface. Here, we directly visualize the binding of individual m-terphenyl isocyanide ligands to a reconstructed Au(111) surface through scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). The site-dependent steric pressure of the various surface features alters the vibrational fingerprints of the m-terphenyl isocyanides, which is characterized with single-molecule precision through joint experimental and theoretical approaches. This study for the first time provides molecular-level insights into the steric-pressure-enabled surface binding selectivity, as well as its effect on the chemical properties of individual surface-binding ligands. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Scanning tunneling microscopy

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Geophysical investigation for engineering construction assessment in Karst

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PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE EARTH 2023年 129卷

作者： [Anonymous] [a]Program of Geology Department of Earth Sciences and Environment Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia [b]School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai Johor Malaysia [c]Geo Technology Resources Sdn. Bhd (1174319 - P) 31-1 Jalan Mawar 5B Taman Mawar 43900 Sepang Selangor Malaysia [d]Geophysics Unit School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia 11800 Pulau Pinang Malaysia

A geophysical survey involving electrical resistivity imaging was carried out in various parts of Perak state, Malaysia, to assess the risk of establishing engineering structures in a karst system. The area is underlain by the Palaeozoic Kinta limestone bedrock. A total of 9 survey lines were established on the proposed sites. The data collected from the survey areas was processed and subjected to computer iteration to simulates physical models of the most common karstic features in the area. The study results are remarkably vital in evaluating weathered zones and hard limestone bedrock, as well as in locating infiltrated water and cavities beneath them. This study emphasized the significance of geophysical surveys for foundation investigation because they can properly assess the competence of subsurface physical properties.

关键词： Electrical resistivity imaging Induced polarization Karst Perak Peninsular Malaysia

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3D Printed Biomimetic Composite for Treatment of Osteochondral Defects: A Preliminary Study in Porcine

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Eckstein, Kevin N. Liu, Boyuan Schoonraad, Sarah A. Guastaldi, Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Uzcategui, Camila Muralidharan, Archish McLeod, Robert R. Randolph, Mark A. Bryant, Stephanie J. Ferguson, Viginia L. Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard School of Dental Medicine Harvard Medical School BostonMA02114 United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA02114 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado at Boulder BoulderCO80309 United States

Osteochondral defects in diarthrodial joints can occur as a result of trauma. When left untreated, the surrounding tissues experience abnormal mechanical loads that can cause further degeneration. Thus, treatment of osteochondral defects requires the ability to support physiological loads and prevent further degeneration of surrounding tissues. Additive manufacturing techniques, such as bio-ink printing, have been explored to structurally reinforce soft scaffolds;however, these methods struggle to accurately print complex designs with small feature sizes (e.g., on the order of ~100 micrometers). In this study, we present a composite osteochondral scaffold with regional stiffness gradients, optimized to mimic the mechanical properties of articular cartilage and limit high strains in the subchondral bone. This scaffold incorporates a load-bearing structure, with ≥ 180 μm diameter truss elements, that is 3D printed via projection micro-stereolithography with a biomimetic soft hydrogel. We hypothesized that incorporating a reinforcing structure with cartilage and bone regions possessing tissue-specific stiffnesses, compared to a soft gel alone, would reduce degradation of native cartilage tissue adjacent to osteochondral defects and promote multi-tissue integration in porcine knees after six weeks. Histological analysis and microcomputed tomography revealed site-specific changes in the surrounding tissue, notably in the adjacent cartilage. Mechanical evaluation of adjacent native tissue showed that scaffolds with the 3D printed composite structure resulted in 33% less surrounding cartilage degradation compared to gel-only treatments. Within the defect, the soft gel alone limited mineralization, while the composite supported mineralization but only in its stiffer region. These findings suggest that incorporating a 3D printed reinforcing osteochondral mimetic structure protects the adjacent cartilage, enhances tissue integration, and spatially supports mineralization. © 2

关键词： Bone

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A biomimetic micropillar wound dressing with flavone and polyphenol control release in vitro and in vivo

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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of chemical Engineers 2024年 160卷

作者： Cheng, Tien-Hsin Lin, Ruei-Hong Cheng, Yu-Shen Shih, Pin-Keng Show, Pau Loke Chen, Hsiao-Yi Nakmee, Pattarawadee Sumthong Chang, Jui-Jen Huang, Dong-Ming Wang, Hui-Min David Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Xingda Rd. South Dist. Taichung402 China Department of Neurological Institute Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung China Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung China Department of Surgery China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Faculty of Science at Sriracha Kasetsart University Sriracha Campus 199 Moo 6 Sukhumvit Rd. Chonburi Sriracha20230 Thailand Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung China Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County China Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center Graduate Institute of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology China Medical University Taichung China

Background: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process involving the replacement of devitalized and missing cellular structures and tissue layers. Methods: This study involved developing a drug-loaded biomimetic micropillar wound dressing based upon inspiration from witnessing the adhesive ability in a gecko's footpad. The conformal adhesion was set up by applying a soft elastomer thin film on the developed wound dressing surfaces. The results showed that the developed surfaces prepared based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) had low surface free energy, high chemical stability, and good plasticity. Astaxanthin (AST) and curcumin were applied as the patch's bioactive compounds to help accelerate the wound healing process. Results: The results showed that the developed surfaces prepared based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) had low surface free energy, high chemical stability, and good plasticity. Astaxanthin (AST) and curcumin were applied as the patch's bioactive compounds to help accelerate the wound healing process. The results indicate that the developed biomimetic micropillar patches could release the loaded drugs and significantly increase cell viability and collagen content to 20 % ∼ 25 % in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: In summation, the primary purpose of this study has been to design a novel encapsulated carrier (micropillar patch) for use in adjustable drug release, while combining with the biomimetic microstructure to reach wound healing through percutaneous absorption. © 2024 Taiwan Institute of chemical Engineers

关键词： chemical stability

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Novel Biodegradable Ca–P/Ti–F Composite Conversion Coatings for Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Medical Magnesium Materials

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sun, Ying-Sui Chu, Peng-Wei Cheng, An-Yu You, Jhu-Lin Chang, Tsung-Ming Jian, Shun-Yi Chi, Chun-Shang Liu, Yu-Cheng Chang, Chin-Jou School of Dental Technology College of Oral Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan335 Taiwan System Engineering and Technology Program National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of Material Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technology Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei243303 Taiwan Combination Medical Device Technology Division Medical Devices R&D Service Department Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Kaohsiung802 Taiwan

Mg and its alloys are characterized by favorable biocompatibility and nontoxicity, and these properties have stimulated considerable research interest in their application as degradable biomaterials for medical implants. However, the clinical application of these materials is restricted by their rapid degradation. Therefore, this study designed a surface modification method for Mg and Mg alloys to enable them to satisfy clinical requirements. A two-step conversion coating method was applied to pure Mg. Pure Mg samples were first coated with calcium phosphate (Ca–P), following which they were coated with titanium fluoride (Ti–F), resulting in the production of Mg samples coated with a bioactive Ca–P/Ti–F composite. The composition of the coated samples was investigated through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy with transmission electron microscopy, and their morphology was characterized through scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, hydrogen evolution measurements in simulated body fluid (SBF), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and polarization curves were employed to evaluate the samples’ corrosion resistance. The prepared composite conversion coatings had an average thickness of approximately 350 nm, and their corroded area was less than 5% of their total area following their immersion in SBF for 72 h. Thus, the prepared Ca–P/Ti–F composite conversion coatings effectively inhibited Mg corrosion in SBF. Moreover, the attachment and differentiation of MG-63 cells on the prepared coatings were observed. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy dispersive spectroscopy

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Enhancing forensic investigations: Identifying bloodstains on various substrates through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms

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Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 2024年 308卷 123755页

作者： Wei, Chun-Ta You, Jhu-Lin Weng, Shiuh-Ku Jian, Shun-Yi Lee, Jeff Cheng-Lung Chiang, Tang-Lun School of Defense Science Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan 335009 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan 335009 Taiwan System Engineering and Technology Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering Chien Hsin University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 320678 Taiwan Department of Material Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 243303 Taiwan Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 243303 Taiwan Department of Criminal Investigation Taiwan Police College Taipei 116078 Taiwan

The forensic analysis of bloodstains on various substrates plays a crucial role in criminal investigations. This study presents a novel approach for analyzing bloodstains using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in combination with machine learning. ATR-FTIR offers non-destructive and non-invasive advantages, requiring minimal sample preparation. By detecting specific chemical bonds in blood components, it enables the differentiation of various body fluids. However, the subjective interpretation of the spectra poses challenges in distinguishing different fluids. To address this, we employ machine learning techniques. Machine learning is extensively used in chemometrics to analyze chemical data, build models, and extract useful information. This includes both unsupervised learning and supervised learning methods, which provide objective characterization and differentiation. The focus of this study was to identify human and porcine blood on substrates using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The substrates included paper, plastic, cloth, and wood. Data preprocessing was performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality and analyze latent variables. Subsequently, six machine learning algorithms were used to build classification models and compare their performance. These algorithms comprise Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Decision Trees (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Network (NN). The results indicate that the PCA-NN model provides the optimal solution on most substrates. Although ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning effectively identifies bloodstains on substrates, the performance of different identification models still varies based on the type of substrate. The integration of these disciplines enables researchers to harness the power of data-driven approaches for solving complex forensic problems. Th

关键词： ATR-FTIR Bloodstains Forensic investigations Machine learning Substrates

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Valley-polarized Exitonic Mott Insulator in WS2/WSe2 Moiré Superlattice

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lian, Zhen Meng, Yuze Ma, Lei Maity, Indrajit Yan, Li Wu, Qiran Huang, Xiong Chen, Dongxue Chen, Xiaotong Chen, Xinyue Blei, Mark Taniguchi, Takashi Watanabe, Kenji Tongay, Sefaattin Lischner, Johannes Cui, Yong-Tao Shi, Su-Fei Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Departments of Materials The Thomas Young Centre for Theory and Simulation of Materials Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Department of Electrical Computer & Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

Strongly enhanced electron-electron interaction in semiconducting moiré superlattices formed by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) heterobilayers has led to a plethora of intriguing fermionic correlated states1–7. Meanwhile, interlayer excitons in a type-II aligned TMDC heterobilayer moiré superlattice, with electrons and holes separated in different layers8,9, inherit this enhanced interaction and strongly interact with each other, promising for realizing tunable correlated bosonic quasiparticles10,11 with valley degree of freedom. We employ photoluminescence spectroscopy to investigate the strong repulsion between interlayer excitons and correlated electrons in a WS2/WSe2 moiré superlattice and combine with theoretical calculations to reveal the spatial extent of interlayer excitons and the band hierarchy of correlated states. We further find that an excitonic Mott insulator state emerges when one interlayer exciton occupies one moiré cell, evidenced by emerging photoluminescence peaks under increased optical excitation power. Double occupancy of excitons in one unit cell requires overcoming the energy cost of exciton-exciton repulsion of about 30-40 meV, depending on the stacking configuration of the WS2/WSe2 heterobilayer. Further, the valley polarization of the excitonic Mott insulator state is enhanced by nearly one order of magnitude. Our study demonstrates the WS2/WSe2 moiré superlattice as a promising platform for engineering and exploring new correlated states of fermion, bosons, and a mixture of both12 © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Excitons

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Enhanced Gaussian Process Regression for Diagnosing Wind Energy Conversion Systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022年第6期55卷 673-678页

作者： Majdi Mansouri Radhia Fezai Mohamed Trabelsi Hajji Mansour Hazem Nounou Mohamed Nounou Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Research Laboratory of Automation Signal Processing and Image National Engineering School of Monastir 5019 Tunisia Electronic and Communications Engineering Department Kuwait College of Science and Technology P. O. Box 27235 Kuwait Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Kasserine Kairouan University Tunisia Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

Fault detection and diagnosis techniques are increasingly important to ensure robust and resource efficient operation of Wind Energy Conversion (WEC) systems. In this context, this paper presents a Reduced Enhanced Gaussian Process Regression (REGPR)-based Random Forest (RF) technique (REGPR-RF) to identify and diagnose faults occurring in a nonlinear WEC systems. The proposed technique uses REGPR technique for features extraction and selection from raw sensor data. Then, these selected features are fed to RF classifier to reliably detect and classify faults. The use of REGPR to learn features avoid the dimension problems and improves the classification performance significantly with a small number of training data. The results obtained by REGPR-RF are compared to those obtained with other conventional classifiers (Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), ...). The results show that the developed REGPR-RF technique achieve higher accuracy (99.99%) with small data sets.

关键词： Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) Noise-Signal-Dependence Random Forest (RF) Feature Extraction Selection Fault Detection Diagnosis (FDD) Wind Energy Conversion (WEC) Systems

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The Pull of Tissue engineering: A STEM Outreach program with a Modular Cyclic Stretch Device to Engage High School Students

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Biomedical engineering Education 2021年第1期2卷 31-39页

作者： Ozdemir, Tugba Senocak, Erdal Gerber, Gene Tayhan, Secil Erden Brown, Justin L. Biomedical Engineering Program Chemical and Biological Engineering Department South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City USA Department of Science Education Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State College USA Department of Genetics and Bioengineering Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University Tokat Turkey

In this paper we designed a STEM outreach program with a modular tissue engineering education tool (we refer to as “modular cyclic-stretch device”) to engage high school students in STEM hands-on activities. Using simple machines such as gears and rotating cams, students were able to build a custom device to apply cyclic stretch to biomaterials. With the help of this hands-on activity, our outreach program helped students grasp tendon tissue biomechanics and understand the importance of applying biomechanical force to regenerate tendon tissue in a laboratory setting. The two-day outreach program comprised: 1. pre- and post-tests; 2. lectures; 3. laboratory sessions, including the microscopic examination of stained tissue sections and a hands-on group activity employing the modular cyclic-stretch device; and 4. homework. Assessment results suggest that our program supports improved student awareness and interest in tissue engineering as a future profession. The program elevated students’ confidence in their ability to apply engineering principles to tasks such as building a modular cyclic-stretch device and measuring the mechanical properties of biological tissues. Building an educational bioreactor improved students’ understanding of the dynamic nature of the human body and the importance of tissue engineering as an emerging discipline towards replacing or regenerating damaged organs. We propose that our modular device has great outreach potential to introduce tissue engineering concepts to high school and potentially college freshmen engineering students.

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Macroscopic assembled graphene nanofilms based room temperature ultrafast mid-infrared photodetectors

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InfoMat 2022年第6期4卷 129-140页

作者： Li Peng Lixiang Liu Sichao Du Srikrishna Chanakya Bodepudi Lingfei Li Wei Liu Runchen Lai Xiaoxue Cao Wenzhang Fang Yingjun Liu Xinyu Liu Jianhang Lv Muhammad Abid Junxue Liu Shengye Jin Kaifeng Wu Miao-Ling Lin Xin Cong Ping-Heng Tan Haiming Zhu Qihua Xiong Xiaomu Wang Weida Hu Xiangfeng Duan Bin Yu Zhen Xu Yang Xu Chao Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for X PolymersZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina School of Micro-nanoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZJU-UIUC Joint InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructureSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California Nanosystems InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Graphene with linear energy dispersion and weak electron-phonon interaction is highly anticipated to harvest hot electrons in a broad wavelength ***,the limited absorption and serious backscattering of hot-electrons result in inadequate quantum yields,especially in the mid-infrared ***,we report a macroscopic assembled graphene(nMAG)nanofilm/silicon heterojunction for ultrafast mid-infrared *** assembled Schottky diode works in 1.5-4.0μm at room temperature with fast response(20-30 ns,rising time,4 mm2 window)and high detectivity(1.61011 to 1.9109 Jones from 1.5 to 4.0μm)under the pulsed laser,outperforming single-layer-graphene/silicon photodetectors by 2-8 *** performances are attributed to the greatly enhanced photo-thermionic effect of electrons in nMAG due to its high light absorption(~40%),long carrier relaxation time(~20 ps),low work function(4.52 eV),and suppressed carrier number *** nMAG provides a long-range platform to understand the hot-carrier dynamics in bulk 2D materials,leading to broadband and ultrafast MIR active imaging devices at room temperature.

关键词： graphene nanofilm heterojunction macro-assembly mid-infrared photodetector photothermionic effect

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