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Hyperuniformity of maximally random jammed packings of hyperspheres across spatial dimensions

Physical Review E 2023年第6期108卷 064602-064602页

作者： Charles Emmett Maher Yang Jiao Salvatore Torquato Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Materials Science and Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Materials Institute Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

The maximally random jammed (MRJ) state is the most random (i.e., disordered) configuration of strictly jammed (mechanically rigid) nonoverlapping objects. MRJ packings are hyperuniform, meaning their long-wavelength density fluctuations are anomalously suppressed compared to typical disordered systems, i.e., their structure factors S(k) tend to zero as the wave number |k| tends to zero. Here we show that generating high-quality strictly jammed states for Euclidean space dimensions d=3,4, and 5 is of paramount importance in ensuring hyperuniformity and extracting precise values of the hyperuniformity exponent α>0 for MRJ states, defined by the power-law behavior of S(k)∼|k|α in the limit |k|→0. Moreover, we show that for fixed d it is more difficult to ensure jamming as the particle number N increases, which results in packings that are nonhyperuniform. Free-volume theory arguments suggest that the ideal MRJ state does not contain rattlers, which act as defects in numerically generated packings. As d increases, we find that the fraction of rattlers decreases substantially. Our analysis of the largest truly jammed packings suggests that the ideal MRJ packings for all dimensions d≥3 are hyperuniform with α=d−2, implying the packings become more hyperuniform as d increases. The differences in α between MRJ packings and the recently proposed Manna-class random close packed (RCP) states, which were reported to have α=0.25 in d=3 and be nonhyperuniform (α=0) for d=4 and d=5, demonstrate the vivid distinctions between the large-scale structure of RCP and MRJ states in these dimensions. Our paper clarifies the importance of the link between true jamming and hyperuniformity and motivates the development of an algorithm to produce rattler-free three-dimensional MRJ packings.

关键词： Granular solids

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Network Creation During Agglomeration Processes of Polydisperse and Monodisperse Systems of Droplets 16th

Network Creation During Agglomeration Processes of Polydisp...

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16th Italian Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation, WIVACE 2022

作者： Schneider, Johannes Josef Faggian, Alessia Diaz, Aitor Patiño Li, Jin Holler, Silvia Casiraghi, Federica Sanahuja, Lorena Cebolla Matuttis, Hans-Georg Hanczyc, Martin Michael Barrow, David Anthony Weyland, Mathias Sebastian Flumini, Dandolo Eggenberger Hotz, Peter Dimitriou, Pantelitsa Jamieson, William David Castell, Oliver Eschle, Patrik Füchslin, Rudolf Marcel Institute of Applied Mathematics and Physics School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstr. 9 Winterthur8401 Switzerland School of Engineering Cardiff University Queen’s Buildings 14-17 The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom University of Trento Trento38123 Italy Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems The University of Electrocommunications Chofu Chofugaoka 1-5-1 Tokyo182-8585 Japan Chemical and Biological Engineering University of New Mexico MSC01 1120 AlbuquerqueNM87131-0001 United States Welsh School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Cardiff University Redwood Building King Edward VII Avenue CardiffCF10 3NB United Kingdom European Centre for Living Technology S.Marco 2940 Venice30124 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031311826

We simulate the movement and agglomeration of oil droplets in water under constraints, using a simplified stochastic-hydrodynamic model. We analyze both local and global properties of the networks formed by the agglomerations of droplets for various system sizes. We focus on the differences of these properties for monodisperse and polydisperse systems of droplets. For the mean degree, we obtain different values for critical exponents. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Drops

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Diverse Manifestations of Electron-Phonon Coupling in a Kagome Superconductor

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： You, Jing-Yang Hsu, Chih-En Ben, Mauro Del Li, Zhenglu Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Department of Physics National University of Singapore 2 Science Drive 3 Singapore117551 Singapore Department of Physics Tamkang University Tamsui New Taipei251301 Taiwan Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments on a kagome metal CsV3Sb5 revealed distinct multimodal dispersion kinks and nodeless superconducting gaps across multiple electron bands. The prominent photoemission kinks suggest a definitive coupling between electrons and certain collective modes, yet the precise nature of this interaction and its connection to superconductivity remain to be established. Here, employing the state-of-the-art ab initio many-body perturbation theory computation, we present direct evidence that electron-phonon (eph) coupling induces the multimodal photoemission kinks in CsV3Sb5, and profoundly, drives the nodeless s-wave superconductivity, showcasing the diverse manifestations of the e-ph coupling. Our calculations well capture the experimentally measured kinks and their fine structures, and reveal that vibrations from different atomic species dictate the multimodal behavior. Results from anisotropic GW-Eliashberg equations predict a phonon-mediated superconductivity with nodeless s-wave gaps, in excellent agreement with various ARPES and scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements. Despite of the universal origin from the e-ph coupling, the contributions of several characteristic phonon vibrations vary in different phenomena, highlighting a versatile role of e-ph coupling in shaping the low-energy excitations of kagome metals. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Shear waves

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Thermal comparison of mono-facial and bi-facial photovoltaic cells considering the effect of TPT layer absorptivity

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 18卷

作者： Radwan, Ali Mahmoud, Montaser Olabi, Abdul-Ghani Rezk, Ahmed Maghrabie, Hussein M Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 United Arab Emirates Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt Department of Engineering School of Mathematics Computer Science and Engineering City University of London London United Kingdom Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Birmingham Aston TriangleB4 7ET United Kingdom College of Engineering and Physical Science Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83521 Egypt Chemical Engineering Department Minia University Elminia Egypt

With the widespread utilization of solar photovoltaics (PV), it is becoming increasingly important to understand its performance using various configurations to harvest solar energy at the most suitable efficiency, specifically in hot climates. Therefore, this paper compares mono-facial and bi-facial PV cells under the high-temperature desert climate of Sharjah (United Arab Emirates). The optimally tilted and vertical east-west configurations were compared to evaluate the annual energy production for these scenarios. In addition, new parameter, the effect of the rear side layer absorptivity of the mono-facial PV cell, was investigated. The comparative study considered solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, and albedo. The results showed that considering the effect of absorptivity achieves better performance predictions. However, the effect of the absorptivity did not exhibit a significant influence compared to the case with neglected backsheet absorptivity. As such, the PV cell temperature increased by 0.4 °C and 1.4 °C at an albedo of 0.2 and 0.7, considering the actual absorptivity value of 0.2. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that improper designs result in considerable temperature rises as the absorptivity value increases. Under the investigated conditions and based on the yearlong comparison, the tilted bi-facial performed better than the vertical bi-facial;as the albedo increased from 0.2 to 0.7, the power gain ratio of the tilted bi-facial increased from 7.18% to 20.88% and that of vertical bi-facial from -19.4% to 12.65%. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Solar energy

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Renewable energy systems: Comparisons, challenges and barriers, sustainability indicators, and the contribution to UN sustainable development goals

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 20卷

作者： Olabi, A.G. Elsaid, Khaled Obaideen, Khaled Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Rezk, Hegazy Wilberforce, Tabbi Maghrabie, Hussein M. Sayed, Enas Taha Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston Triangle Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P.O. 23874 Doha Qatar Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Elminia Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering in Wadi Alddawasir Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83521 Egypt

Because of the harsh environmental impacts of fossil fuels, price fluctuation, and resource limitation, renewable energy resources (RERs) are considered the ultimate solution to overcome these challenges. RERs are also abundant and environmentally friendly. It has been reported that the growth rates in renewable energy installations have increased by 8–9% annually since 2010, reaching a cumulative capacity of 2.9 TW by 2020 and exceeding the growth rate for fossil resources. In this work, the different RERs have been critically discussed in terms of their operation principles, advantages, disadvantages, and associated environmental impacts, focusing on wind and solar energies as the most deployed RERs. Barriers to the full deployment of RERs to replace fossil resources are discussed. Based on the discussion presented on RERs, the contribution of deploying RERs towards the achievement of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is also critically discussed. A total of 80 indicators have been identified for RERs' contribution toward the achievement of SDGs. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Environmental impact

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Computational Investigation of the Clustering of Droplets in Widening Pipe Geometries 16th

Computational Investigation of the Clustering of Droplets...

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16th Italian Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation, WIVACE 2022

作者： Matuttis, Hans-Georg Schneider, Johannes Josef Li, Jin Barrow, David Anthony Faggian, Alessia Diaz, Aitor Patiño Holler, Silvia Casiraghi, Federica Sanahuja, Lorena Cebolla Hanczyc, Martin Michael Weyland, Mathias Sebastian Flumini, Dandolo Hotz, Peter Eggenberger Dimitriou, Pantelitsa Jamieson, William David Castell, Oliver Füchslin, Rudolf Marcel Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems Engineering The University of Electrocommunications Chofu Chofugaoka 1-5-1 Tokyo182-8585 Japan Institute of Applied Mathematics and Physics School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstr. 9 Winterthur8401 Switzerland School of Engineering Cardiff University Queen’s Buildings 14-17 The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom University of Trento Trento38123 Italy Chemical and Biological Engineering University of New Mexico MSC01 1120 AlbuquerqueNM87131-0001 United States Welsh School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Cardiff University Redwood Building King Edward VII Avenue CardiffCF10 3NB United Kingdom European Centre for Living Technology S.Marco 2940 Venice30124 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031311826

Experimentally, periodically released droplets in systems of widening pipes show clustering. This is surprising, as purely hydrodynamic interactions are repulsive so that agglomeration should be prevented. In the main part of this paper, we investigate the clustering of droplets under the influence of phenomenological hydrostatic forces and some hypothetical attraction. In two appendices, we explain why a direct numerical simulation for this system is rather more difficult (and probably not possible with current methods) than the "simple" geometry would suggest. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Paths in a Network of Polydisperse Spherical Droplets

Paths in a Network of Polydisperse Spherical Droplets

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2022 Conference on Artificial Life, ALIFE 2022

作者： Schneider, Johannes Josef Faggian, Alessia Holler, Silvia Casiraghi, Federica Li, Jin Sanahuja, Lorena Cebolla Matuttis, Hans-Georg Hanczyc, Martin Michael Barrow, David Anthony Weyland, Mathias Sebastian Flumini, Dandolo Hotz, Peter Eggenberger Eschle, Patrik Diaz, Aitor Patiño Füchslin, Rudolf Marcel Institute of Applied Mathematics and Physics School of Engineering Zurich University of Applied Sciences Technikumstr. 9 Winterthur8401 Switzerland School of Engineering Cardiff University Queen’s Buildings 14-17 The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Laboratory for Artificial Biology Department of Cellular Computational and Integrative Biology University of Trento Via Sommarive 9 Povo38123 Italy Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems The University of Electrocommunications Chofu Chofugaoka 1-5-1 Tokyo182-8585 Japan Chemical and Biological Engineering University of New Mexico MSC01 1120 AlbuquerqueNM87131-0001 United States European Centre for Living Technology S.Marco 2940 Venice30124 Italy

We simulate the movement and agglomeration of oil droplets in water under constraints, like confinement, using a simplified stochastic-hydrodynamic model. In the analysis of the network created by the droplets in the agglomeration, we focus on the paths between pairs of droplets and compare the computational results for various system sizes. © Artificial Life Conference Proceedings 2022.

关键词： Agglomeration

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Multiscale discrete Maxwell boundary condition for the discrete unified gas kinetic scheme for all Knudsen number flows

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xin, Ziyang Zhang, Yue Zhang, Chuang Guo, Zhaoli State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Chemical Equipment School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China Department of Physics Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Institute of Interdisciplinary Research for Mathematics and Applied Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

In this paper, a multiscale boundary condition for the discrete unified gas kinetic scheme (DUGKS) is developed for gas flows in all flow regimes. Based on the discrete Maxwell boundary condition (DMBC), this study addresses the limitations of the original DMBC used in DUGKS. Specifically, it is found that the DMBC produces spurious velocity slip and temperature jump, which are proportional to the mesh size and the momentum accommodation coefficient. The proposed multiscale DMBC is implemented by ensuring that the reflected original distribution function excludes collision effects. Theoretical analyses and numerous numerical tests show that the multiscale DMBC can achieve exactly the non-slip and non-jump conditions in the continuum limit and accurately captures non-equilibrium phenomena across a wide range of Knudsen numbers. The results demonstrate that the DUGKS with the multiscale DMBC can work properly for wall boundary conditions in all flow regimes with a fixed discretization in both space and time, without limitations on the thickness of the Knudsen layer and relaxation time. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flow of gases

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Emergent dimer-model topological order and quasi-particle excitations in liquid crystals: combinatorial vortex lattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Cuiling Wu, Jin-Sheng Kos, Žiga Dunkel, Jörn Nisoli, Cristiano Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as ‘Combinatorial Vortex Lattices’ (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasi-particle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CLVs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery — an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

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Comparing analytic and data-driven approaches to parameter identifiability: A power systems case study

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Evangelou, Nikolaos Stankovic, Alexander M. Kevrekidis, Ioannis G. Transtrum, Mark K. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Santa Clara University 500 El Camino Real Santa ClaraCA95053 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young University ProvoUT84602 United States

Parameter identifiability refers to the capability of accurately inferring the parameter values of a model from its observations (data). Traditional analysis methods exploit analytical properties of the closed form model, in particular sensitivity analysis, to quantify the response of the model predictions to variations in parameters. Techniques developed to analyze data, specifically manifold learning methods, have the potential to complement, and even extend the scope of the traditional analytical approaches. We report on a study comparing and contrasting analytical and data-driven approaches to quantify parameter identifiability and, importantly, perform parameter reduction tasks. We use the infinite bus synchronous generator model, a well-understood model from the power systems domain, as our benchmark problem. Our traditional analysis methods use the Fisher Information Matrix to quantify parameter identifiability analysis, and the Manifold Boundary Approximation Method to perform parameter reduction. We compare these results to those arrived at through data-driven manifold learning schemes: Output - Diffusion Maps and Geometric Harmonics. For our test case, we find that the two suites of tools (analytical when a model is explicitly available, as well as data-driven when the model is lacking and only measurement data are available) give (correct) comparable results;these results are also in agreement with traditional analysis based on singular perturbation theory. We then discuss the prospects of using data-driven methods for such model analysis. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Synchronous generators

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