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Process simulation and exergy analysis of fermentative hydrogen and methane production

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 138卷 1336-1346页

作者： Peng, Yangyang Chen, Cheng Xia, Ao Huang, Yun Zhu, Xianqing Show, Pau-Loke Zhu, Xun Liao, Qiang Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems Chongqing University Ministry of Education Chongqing400044 China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Khalifa University PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Jalan Broga Semenyih43500 Malaysia

The biogas production process involves a variety of biochemical reactions, which complicates the assessment of thermodynamic performance and the enhancement of process performance. In this study, simulations of the anaerobic digestion processes were carried out to explore the effects of organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on biogas production performance. The thermodynamic performance of a conventional single-stage anaerobic digestion and a two-stage anaerobic digestion separating the hydrogen and methane production stages was also evaluated. The results showed that when OLR increased from 1.0 kg volatile solids (VS)/(m3·d) to 3.0 kg VS/(m3·d), the biogas yield increased slightly from 268.46 L/kg VS and then decreased by 17.41% to 221.72 L/kg VS. When HRT extended from 4 d to 20 d, the corresponding biogas yield increased by 28.38% (from 230.88 L/kg VS to 296.41 L/kg VS). The exergy efficiencies of single-stage and two-stage anaerobic digestion were 34.39% and 53.13%, respectively. Compared to the digestion unit in the single-stage system, the input exergy decreased by 3.09%, while the output exergy increased by 48.78% in the two-stage system. It mainly resulted from the enhancement of the exergy efficiency of the digestion unit from 35.58% to 54.63%. In particular, the biogas slurry and residue caused significant exergy losses. It accounted for 47.08% of the total input exergy of the single-stage system and 25.84% of that of the two-stage system, respectively. The utilization of these wastes can play an essential role in the further improvement of the exergy efficiency of anaerobic digestion. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Exergy

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Pseudo-Linearization Observer-Based Tracking control of Boiler-Turbine-Generator System Using Linear Matrix Inequalities 10

Pseudo-Linearization Observer-Based Tracking Control of Boil...

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10th International Conference on control, Instrumentation and Automation, ICCIA 2024

作者： Kalamian, Nasrin Keshavarz-Mohammadiyan, Atiyeh Tafresh University Department of Electrical Engineering Tafresh Iran Smart Control Systems Department Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509972

This paper deals with the problem of controller and observer design for the nonlinear, highly coupled constrained boiler-Turbine-generator system. The input vector (control valve state) has upper and lower limits, which poses a challenge in the controller design process. Moreover, the nonlinear relationship between system output and the inputs and state variables in the observation model, makes the design procedure more challenging. To solve these problems, extended pseudo-linearization technique is utilized, which simplifies the controller design and avoids instability. Since, the resulting pseudo-linear model has state-dependent coefficients, a new state-dependent observer is also designed in this paper. To ensure the stability of the proposed method, a time-varying Lyapunov function is defined to guarantee convergence of both state estimation and tracking errors, throughout Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). Simulations are carried out on a 160-MW boiler-Turbine-generator unit to validate effectiveness and stability of the proposed method, confirming control signals saturation limit satisfaction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Turbogenerators

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Integrated System of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Ethanol Partial Oxidation: Process Simulation and Heat Exchanger Network 6th

Integrated System of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Ethanol Parti...

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6th International on Clean Energy and Electrical systems, CEES 2024

作者： Saebea, Dang Thanomjit, Chollaphan Arpornwichanop, Amornchai Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn Interdisciplinary Centre for Decarbonisation & Green Energy Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Burapha University Chonburi20131 Thailand Center of Excellence in Process and Energy Systems Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok10520 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819757749

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) fueled by reformate obtained from an ethanol partial oxidation (POX) was investigated regarding electrical and the thermal performances. Performance analysis was performed through Aspen Plus simulator. Gas compositions obtained from POX and SOFC were computed through the Gibbs free energy minimization method. Three voltage losses that include activation, ohmic and concentration losses was considered in an electrochemical model. Effects of operating parameters in both POX and SOFC on performance of SOFC-POX system were examined. From the simulation results, it was found that the suitable condition of POX was at the reformer temperature of 700 ℃ and oxygen to ethanol molar ratio of 0.1. While, the operating temperature of SOFC should be 900 ℃. Under these operating conditions, the maximum electrical and thermal efficiencies of 67.24% and 25.77%, respectively, can be achieved. Finally, the heat integration of the SOFC-POX system was considered using pinch analysis. The minimum cold utility is 88.1 kW while the hot utility is no need for this system. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Free energy

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Distributed Nash equilibrium seeking with order-reduced dynamics based on consensus exact penalty

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control Theory and Technology 2023年第3期21卷 363-373页

作者： Shu Liang Shuyu Liu Yiguang Hong Jie Chen The Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Shanghai 201210China

In this paper,we consider a networked game with coupled constraints and focus on variational Nash equilibrium *** distributed algorithm design,we eliminate the coupled constraints by employing local Lagrangian functions and construct exact penalty terms to attain multipliers'optimal consensus,which yields a set of equilibrium conditions without any coupled constraint and consensus ***,these conditions are only based on strategy and multiplier variables,without auxiliary ***,we present a distributed order-reduced dynamics that updates the strategy and multiplier variables with guaranteed *** with many other distributed algorithms,our algorithm contains no auxiliary variable,and therefore,it can save computation and communication.

关键词： Game theory Nash equilibrium seeking Distributed algorithm Coupled constraints Order-reduced dynamics

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Design an optimal FOPD controller for electric vehicle speed tracking control 7

Design an optimal FOPD controller for electric vehicle speed...

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7th International Conference on Vocational Education and Electrical engineering, ICVEE 2024

作者： Abood, Layla Hattim Abood, May H. Action, Dalal Hammood University of Technology Department of Control and Systems Engineering Baghdad Iraq Al-Iraqia University Department of Computer Engineering Baghdad Iraq Mtu Edu Department of Computer Engineering Baghdad Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505103

Electric Vehicles (EVs) become very important issue and gained attention due to many reasons like its economic price, saving environment and more reliable. In this study, controlling speed for EV is utilized by tracking the desired speed using Fractional Order Proportional Derivative (FOPD) controller with a smart tuning algorithm named Sunflower Optimization (SFO) algorithm to satisfy robust and efficient controlled speed. The numerical analysis is obtained using Matlab program in two steps, controlling the system to reach the desired value in best and stable response then apply two undesired signals (disturbance signals) to test system robustness and finally compare the suggested controller with different conventional controllers(Normal PD controller-Optimal PD controller). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： MATLAB

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Experimental Study of Ultra-Wideband Interference Attenuation in a Flexible Printed Circuit Board Cable 3

Experimental Study of Ultra-Wideband Interference Attenuatio...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio engineering, PIERE 2024

作者： Samoylichenko, Maria A. Zhechev, Evgeniy S. Zabolotsky, Alexander M. Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Television and Control Department Tomsk Russia Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Department of Microwave and Quantum Radio Engineering Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516321

The performance and functionality of radio electronic equipment depends on various factors including external. One of them is electromagnetic interference, in particular ultra-wideband interference. The paper considers the protection of radio-electronic equipment from the impact of ultra-wideband interference by using modal filtering in flexible printed cables. These cables are feature by a high degree of design and application diversity, which makes them particularly attractive for providing interconnections in modern electronic equipment. This material has a relatively high dielectric permittivity, which allows for a higher per-unit-length mode delay. We fabricated a flexible printed cable to conduct a full-scale experiment and studied it in the frequency and time domains. To validate the experimental studies, we performed quasistatic simulations. The experiment demonstrated that the ultra-wideband interference can be successfully attenuated in the cable, and the maximum attenuation was 3.6 times of the original value, with a bandwidth of 118 MHz. The discrepancy between the simulation and experimental results can be attributed to the unaccounted influence of coaxial-microstrip and coaxial transitions, as well as the discrepancy in dielectric electrical characteristics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Radio equipment

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Detection of Oscillations in Process control Loops From Visual Image Space Using Deep Convolutional Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 982-995页

作者： Tao Wang Qiming Chen Xun Lang Lei Xie Peng Li Hongye Su the Department of Electronic Engineering the School of InformationYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China DAMO Academy Alibaba GroupHangzhou 311100China the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Oscillation detection has been a hot research topic in industries due to the high incidence of oscillation loops and their negative impact on plant *** numerous automatic detection techniques have been proposed,most of them can only address part of the practical *** oscillation is heuristically defined as a visually apparent periodic ***,manual visual inspection is labor-intensive and prone to missed *** neural networks(CNNs),inspired by animal visual systems,have been raised with powerful feature extraction *** this work,an exploration of the typical CNN models for visual oscillation detection is ***,we tested MobileNet-V1,ShuffleNet-V2,Efficient Net-B0,and GhostNet models,and found that such a visual framework is well-suited for oscillation *** feasibility and validity of this framework are verified utilizing extensive numerical and industrial *** with state-of-theart oscillation detectors,the suggested framework is more straightforward and more robust to noise and *** addition,this framework generalizes well and is capable of handling features that are not present in the training data,such as multiple oscillations and outliers.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) deep learning image processing oscillation detection process industries

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Accelerating Factor Xa inhibitor discovery with a de novo drug design pipeline

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Chinese Journal of chemical engineering 2024年第8期72卷 85-94页

作者： Yujing Zhao Qilei Liu Jian Du Qingwei Meng Liang Sun Lei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Chemical Process Systems EngineeringSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo 315016China Shenzhen Shuli Tech Co. LtdShenzhen 518126China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug design framework, Drug CAMD, that integrates a deep learning model with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is used for designing drug candidates. Within this framework, a virtual chemical library is specifically tailored to inhibit Factor Xa. To further filter and narrow down the lead compounds from the designed compounds, comprehensive approaches involving molecular docking,binding pose metadynamics(BPMD), binding free energy calculations, and enzyme activity inhibition analysis are utilized. To maximize efficiency in terms of time and resources, molecules for in vitro activity testing are initially selected from commercially available portions of customized virtual chemical libraries. In vitro studies assessing inhibitor activities have confirmed that the compound EN300-331859shows potential Factor Xa inhibition, with an IC_(50)value of 34.57 μmol·L^(-1). Through in silico molecular docking and BPMD, the most plausible binding pose for the EN300-331859-Factor Xa complex are identified. The estimated binding free energy values correlate well with the results obtained from biological assays. Consequently, EN300-331859 is identified as a novel and effective sub-micromolar inhibitor of Factor Xa.

关键词： chemical product design Mathematical programming method Deep learning Binding affinity Factor Xa inhibitor

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Analyszing Signal Integrity in a Structure with Double Modal Redundancy Before and After Failures 3

Analyszing Signal Integrity in a Structure with Double Modal...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio engineering, PIERE 2024

作者： Abramova, Ksenia N. Chub, Andrey V. Zhechev, Yevgeniy S. Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Department of Television and Control Tomsk Russia Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Department of Microwave and Quantum Radio Engineering Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516321

This paper presents the results of a signal integrity analysis for a structure with double modal redundancy (MR) before and after failures. Two failure cases are considered: open circuit and short circuit. The study investigates key signal integrity parameters such as S-parameters, signal phase, group delay time, and eye diagrams. The results show that after the first failure, the bandwidth of the structure increases, while it decreases after the second failure. The change in bandwidth affects the data rate that can be transmitted to the device input without significant signal distortion. Eye diagrams are analyzed for each case considering the data rate based on the bandwidth. The analysis of eye diagrams reveals that despite some deviations from the ideal eye shape in certain cases, the eye remains open, indicating a low probability of bit errors. A comparison of the results before and after failure, with the same data rate, shows that the failures in the redundant circuit have a negligible impact on the signal integrity within the bandwidth. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Group delay

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Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis of solar-driven carbon dioxide conversion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 165-182页

作者： Jun Xu Farzaneh Arabpour Roghabadi Ying Luo Vahid Ahmadi Qian Wang Zheng Wang Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuoHenan 454000China Department of Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Optoelectronics and Nanophotonics Research Group Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603Japan

Solar-driven carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion including photocatalytic(PC),photoelectrochemical(PEC),photovoltaic plus electrochemical(PV/EC)systems,offers a renewable and scalable way to produce fuels and high-value chemicals for environment and energy *** review summarizes the basic fundament and the recent advances in the field of solar-driven CO_(2)*** the visible-light absorption is an important strategy to improve solar energy conversion *** separation and migration of photogenerated charges carriers to surface sites and the surface catalytic processes also determine the photocatalytic *** engineering including co-catalyst loading,defect engineering,morphology control,surface modification,surface phase junction,and Z-scheme photocatalytic system construction,have become fundamental strategies to obtain high-efficiency *** to photocatalysis,these strategies have been applied to improve the conversion efficiency and Faradaic efficiency of typical PEC *** PV/EC systems,the electrode surface structure and morphology,electrolyte effects,and mass transport conditions affect the activity and selectivity of electrochemical CO_(2)***,the challenges and prospects are addressed for the development of solar-driven CO_(2)conversion system with high energy conversion efficiency,high product selectivity and stability.

关键词： Solar-driven CO_(2)reduction Photocatalytic system Photoelectrochemical system Photovoltaic plus electrochemical system Surface/interface engineering

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