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Magnetic fibre and paper for information storage

Paper Asia 2006年第3期22卷 31-33页

作者： Ong, B.H. Zakaria, S. Ahmad, S. Abdullah, M. Yusoff, M.N.M. Liang, M.S. Van De Ven, T.G.M. Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Jalan Multimedia Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Materials Science Program School of Applied Physics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Physics Program School of Applied Physics Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia Wood Chemistry Division Forest Research Institute Malaysia Kepong 52109 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Km 7 Jalan Kajang - Puchong 43009 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Department of Chemistry Pulp and Paper Research Centre McGill University Montreal H3A 2A7 Canada

Magnetic paper via lumen loading process was prepared from neverdried and dried kraft pulp. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was used as retention aid during the inter-stage treatment. The paper produced from the magnetic pulp showed an increase of magnetic properties as the loading increased. The physical properties of the paper such as tensile index, burst index, tear and folding endurance showed a reduction in the strength value as the loading capacity increased. The lumen-loaded paper shows better physical properties than conventionally loaded paper. The flocculation study shows that the magnetic colloid exists in multi particles aggregates form in water solution, which caused by magnetodipole interaction.

关键词： Papermaking

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Self-assembly of the simple cubic lattice with an isotropic potential

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Physical Review E 2006年第2期74卷 021404-021404页

作者： Mikael C. Rechtsman Frank H. Stillinger Salvatore Torquato Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology Materials Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Center for Theoretical Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Conventional wisdom presumes that low-coordinated crystal ground states require directional interactions. Using our recently introduced optimization procedure to achieve self-assembly of targeted structures [M. C. Rechtsman et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 228301 (2005); Phys. Rev. E 73, 011406 (2006)], we present an isotropic pair potential V(r) for a three-dimensional many-particle system whose classical ground state is the low-coordinated simple cubic lattice. This result is part of an ongoing pursuit by the authors to develop analytical and computational tools to solve statistical-mechanical inverse problems for the purpose of achieving targeted self-assembly. The purpose of these methods is to design interparticle interactions that cause self-assembly of technologically important target structures for applications in photonics, catalysis, separation, sensors, and electronics. We also show that standard approximate integral-equation theories of the liquid state that utilize pair correlation function information cannot be used in the reverse mode to predict the correct simple cubic potential. We report in passing optimized isotropic potentials that yield the body-centered-cubic and simple hexagonal lattices, which provide other examples of non-close-packed structures that can be assembled using isotropic pair interactions.

关键词： CRYSTALS CLUSTERS DENSE

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Conducting polymer films with new organic donor MDT-TSF: Preparation and properties

Materials Science

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Materials Science 2006年第2 II期24卷 517-526页

作者： Tracz, A. Mierczyńska, A. Takimiya, K. Otsubo, T. Niihara, N. Jeszka, J.K. Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences 90-363 Lódź Poland Department of Molecular Physics Technical University of Lódź 90-924 Lódź Poland Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan

Preparation and properties of surface-conductive polymer composites based on a recently synthesized electron-donor, methylenedithio-tetraselenefulvalene (MDT-TSF) are described. Polycarbonate and biodegradable polyester polylactide are used as polymer matrices. The obtained surface-conductive materials with MDT-TSF polyiodides show high, metal-like conductivities, indicating that MDT-TSF is one of the best donors for conductive composites.

关键词： Plastic films

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Intrachain photoluminescence properties of conjugated polymers as revealed by long oligothiophenes and polythiophenes diluted in an inactive solid matrix

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Physical Review B 2006年第23期73卷 235203-235203页

作者： Katsuichi Kanemoto Tatsuji Sudo Ichiro Akai Hideki Hashimoto Tsutomu Karasawa Yoshio Aso Tetsuo Otsubo Department of Physics Graduate Schol of Science Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-hiroshima 739-8527 Japan

The intrinsic intrachain photoluminescence (PL) dynamics of conjugated polymers in the solid state is investigated. We focus on the PL properties of long β-substituted oligothiophenes (8-mer, 12-mer, and 16-mer) and regio-regular (RR) and regio-random poly(3-octylthiophenes) (P3OTs) diluted in the inactive solid matrix polypropylene (PP). The oligothiophenes have well-resolved 0-0 PL and absorption peaks at 4K and show a good linear relationship with the reciprocal of the ring number. Franck-Condon analyses on the PL spectra reveal that the strength of the electron-phonon coupling represented by the Huang-Rhys factor becomes weak with increasing chain length in the oligomers. In contrast, the presence of stronger electron-phonon coupling is confirmed in RR P3OT despite it being of a much longer chain length than oligomers. This is probably due to its stereoregular chain conformation. The materials used in this work diluted in PP exhibit single-exponential PL decays with lifetimes that decrease with increases in the chain length. The presence of intrachain exciton migration is shown by the time-resolved PL measurements, except for the case of RR P3OT. The energy shifts attributed to intrachain migration are much smaller than those ascribed to interchain migration. We conclude that a change in the torsion angle around the thiophene ring bonds occurs within 50ps following the absorption transition in thiophene derivatives and that the torsional change gives rise to a constant Stokes shift (60–70meV), regardless of the chain length. We propose that the Stokes shift can be utilized for estimating the magnitude of exciton migration in thiophene derivatives, even in the case of undiluted films.

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Collective coordinate control of density distributions

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Physical Review E 2006年第3期74卷 031104-031104页

作者： Obioma U. Uche Salvatore Torquato Frank H. Stillinger Department of Chemical Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Program in Applied & Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Center for Theoretical Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Real collective density variables C(k) [cf. Eq. (1.3)] in many-particle systems arise from nonlinear transformations of particle positions, and determine the structure factor S(k), where k denotes the wave vector. Our objective is to prescribe C(k) and then to find many-particle configurations that correspond to such a target C(k) using a numerical optimization technique. Numerical results reported here extend earlier one- and two-dimensional studies to include three dimensions. In addition, they demonstrate the capacity to control S(k) in the neighborhood of ∣k∣=0. The optimization method employed generates multiparticle configurations for which S(k)∝∣k∣α, ∣k∣⩽K, and α=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The case α=1 is relevant for the Harrison-Zeldovich model of the early universe, for superfluid He4, and for jammed amorphous sphere packings. The analysis also provides specific examples of interaction potentials whose classical ground states are configurationally degenerate and disordered.

关键词： STATISTICAL MECHANICS REALIZABILITY SYSTEM

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Approach to an interdisciplinary bionanotechnology education program: International network perspective

Approach to an interdisciplinary bionanotechnology education...

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2006 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Vaseashta, A. Irudayaraj, J. Vaseashta, S. Stamatin, I. Erdem, A. Graduate Program in Physical Sciences Nanomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratories Marshall University Huntington WV 25755-2570 United States Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University 225 S. University Street West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 United States Nanomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratories Marshall University One John Marshall Drive Huntington WV 25755 United States Faculty of Physics University of Bucharest 3 Nano and Alternative Energy Sources Research Center Bucharest-Magurele Romania Analytical Chemistry Department Ege University 35100 Bornova Izmir Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)1558998888

Materials in reduced dimensions demonstrate size dependence and may exhibit properties different from the bulk. Nanomaterials are a fundamentally and entirely new class of materials with remarkable electrical, optical, and mechanical properties, thus offering unique applications. With a 9.7% increase in FY 2004-05 private sector investments and an expected worldwide labor force shortage, education and training has become a key component of the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). The slow response by the academic community to develop nanotechnology curriculum is evidenced by the small number of universities offering fundamental undergraduate level courses in nanoscience and nanotechnology. There is a strong need to develop cohesive undergraduate curriculum to equip the future engineers, scientists, and researchers charged with commercializing nanotechnology applications. We are in the process of developing and implementing some core courses and laboratory modules, which can easily adapt to either a major or minor in nanotechnology, nano-biotechnology, or nanoscience programs. The course modules are being developed by a multi-disciplinary team consisting of faculty in physics, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Materials Engineering, and Molecular Biology at universities in the U.S., Europe, and the Consortium of South East European Network on Nanoscience and Technology (COSENT). The joint effort specifically addresses an undergraduate curriculum in nanotechnology with courses emphasizing applications in biological systems and agriculture, through hands-on modules and experimental kits. Selected course and laboratory modules are being developed to be affordable, flexible, accessible, and appealing to a diverse student population crossing basic sciences, life sciences, agriculture, and engineering departments. Internet ready, multimedia intensive curriculum and assessment modules will include self-directed individualized learning modules as well as team-bas

关键词： Nanotechnology

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Femtosecond lattice dynamics in photoexcited bismuth: Ultrafast optical and X-ray measurements

Femtosecond lattice dynamics in photoexcited bismuth: Ultraf...

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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, QELS 2006

作者： Fritz, D.M. Adams, B. Blome, C. Bucksbaum, P.H. Cavalieri, A. Engemann, S. Fahy, S. Fuoss, P.H. Gaffney, K.J. Hillyard, P. Kaspar, J. Lindenberg, A.M. Lee, S.H. McFarland, B. Meyer, D. Murray, E. Nicoul, M. Pahl, R. Rudati, J. Siddons, D.P. Sokolowski-Tinten, K. Wahlstrand, J.K. Hastings, J.B. Reis, D.A. FOCUS Center Department of Physics and Applied Physics Program University of Mchigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 United States Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 United States Department of Physics Tyndall National Institute University College Cork Ireland Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Norkestrauss 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Institut fur Laser- und Plasmaphysik Universitat Essen 45117 Essen Germany JILA University of Colorodo Boulder CO 80309 United States Max-Planck-Institut of Quantum Optics Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1 D-85748 Garching Germany Department of Chemistry Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 United States

We investigate high amplitude coherent optical phonon dynamics in bismuth through femtosecond x-ray and optical scattering. From these experiments, we present the first detailed measurements of changes in the interato... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528136

关键词： Coherent scattering

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Ultrafast optical and X-ray measurements of femtosecond lattice dynamics in photoexcited bismuth

Ultrafast optical and X-ray measurements of femtosecond latt...

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International Conference on Ultrafast Phenomena, UP 2006

作者： Fritz, D.M. Adams, B. Blome, C. Bucksbaum, P.H. Cavalieri, A. Engemann, S. Fahy, S. Fuoss, P.H. Gaffney, K.J. Hillyard, P. Horn-von Hoegen, M. Kammler, M. Kaspar, J. Lindenberg, A.M. Lee, S.H. McFarland, B. Meyer, D. Murray, E. Nicou, M. Pahl, R. Rudati, J. Siddons, D.P. Sokolowski-Tinten, K. Von Der Linde, D. Wahlstrand, J.K. Hastings, J.B. Reis, D.A. FOCUS Center Department of Physics and Applied Physics Program University of Mchigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 United States National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 United States Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 United States Department of Physics Tyndall National Institute University College Cork Ireland Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Norkestrauss 85 22607 Hamburg Germany Institut für Experimentelle Physik Universität Duisburg-Essen 45117 Essen Germany Institut für Halbleitertechnologie Universität Hannover Germany JILA University of Colorodo Boulder Boulder CO 80309 United States Max-Planck-Institut of Quantum Optics Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1 D-85748 Garching Germany Department of Chemistry Stanford University Palo Alto CA 94305 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 United States

We present the first detailed measurements of the interatomic potential of photoexcited bismuth using ultrafast optical and x-ray scattering. Our results show that electronic softening is responsible for the strong ch... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528101

关键词： X ray scattering

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Back Cover: Macromol. Biosci. 11/2006

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Macromolecular Bioscience 2006年第11期6卷

作者： Taka‐aki Asoh Tatsuo Kaneko Michiya Matsusaki Mitsuru Akashi Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2‐1 Yamadaoka Suita 565‐0871 Japan Center of Excellence (COE) Program for 21st Century Osaka University Japan

Back Cover: Cationic drug could be rapidly released and then abruptly discontinued from nano‐tracted poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels containing linear poly(acrylic acid) (nano‐tracted semi‐IPNs) in response to dual stimuli. Clear release and stopping cycles were repeatedly observed on successive steps. Further details can be found in the article by T. Asoh, T. Kaneko, M. Matsusaki, and M. Akashi * on page 959.

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Superconductivity from a Long‐Range Repulsive Interaction

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2006年第1期850卷

作者： S. Onari R. Arita K. Kuroki H. Aoki Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464‐8603 Japan Department of Physics University of Tokyo Hongo Tokyo 113‐0033 Japan Dept of Applied Physics & Chemistry University of Electro‐Communications Chofu Tokyo 182‐8585 Japan

The lattice model with short‐range interactions (exemplified by the Hubbard model) is known to exhibit quite different features from those in the electron gas with the long‐range Coulomb interaction. In order to explore how they cross over to each other, we have studied an extended Hubbard model which includes repulsions up to the 12th neighbors with the simplified fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation for the square lattice. We have found that (i) in the most dilute density region, spin and charge fluctuations become comparable, and s‐ and p‐waves superconductivity become dominant, in agreement with the result for the electron gas by Takada, while (ii) the dominant spin fluctuation and its reflection on dx2−y2 and dxy pairing, both the effect of lattice structure, persists well away (n ≳ 0.2) from the half filling. © 2006 American Institute of physics

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