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Unassisted photoelectrochemical CO_(2)reduction by employingⅢ-Ⅴphotoelectrode with 15%solar-to-fuel efficiency

Carbon Energy 2025年第3期7卷 1-10页

作者： Karthik Peramaiah Purushothaman Varadhan Vinoth Ramalingam Bilawal Khan Pradip Kumar Das Hao Huang Hui-Chun Fu Xiulin Yang Vincent Tung Kuo-Wei Huang Jr-Hau He Chemistry Program Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies(CREST)and Division of Physical Science and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energyand Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnologyand Research(A*STAR)Singapore School of Computing Engineering and TechnologyRobert Gordon UniversityAberdeenUK Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonSARHong KongChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina Department of Chemical System and Engineering University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and ***,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec tive products is challenging owing to the difficulties associated with the optical and the electrical configuration of PEC devices and electrocatalyst ***,we construct an efficient,concentrated sunlight-driven CO_(2)RR setup consisting of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cell as a photoanode and oxide-derived Au(Ox-Au)as a cathode to perform the unassisted PEC CO_(2)*** one-sun illumination,a maximum operating current density of 11.5 mA cm^(-2) with an impressive Faradaic efficiency(FE)of~98%is achieved for carbon monoxide(CO)production,leading to a solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency of~15%.Under concentrated intensity of 10 sun,the photoanode records a maximum current density of~124 mAcm^(-2) and maintains~60%of FE for CO *** results demonstrate crucial advancements in usingⅢ-Ⅴbased photoanodes for concentrated PEC CO_(2)RR.

关键词： photoelectrochemical oxide derived Au concentrated sunlight selec tive products III V photoelectrode pec devices CO reduction solar fuel efficiency

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Enhanced dielectric properties of epoxy-based multilayer composite with highly-controlled distribution of 2D nanomatierals

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1027卷

作者： Lu, Tiancheng Lu, Tianyu Wang, Ziyun Li, Weizhen Song, Shiqiang Gan, Wenjun Department of Macromolecular Materials and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China

Polymer-based dielectric materials are widely used in high-pulse electronic power systems to achieve energy storage and conversion. However, the miniaturization and high integration devices require for the advancement of polymer-based dielectrics with enhanced heat dissipation and energy density. Herein, sandwich-structured epoxy-based multilayer composite have been successfully achieved to explore the influence of morphological state of multiphase on thermal conductivity (TC) and dielectric properties. Dopamine-modified reduced graphene oxide (RGO@PDA) was introduced as 2D nanosheets to enhance the dielectric displacement, while, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) were incorporated to improve the TC and preserve low dielectric loss of epoxy-based dielectrics. In addition, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as outer layer was utilized to achieve high dielectric constant simultaneously. The resultant sandwich-structured PVEP-1.5 composite (with the central epoxy/polyetherimide (EP/PEI) layer and the outer PVDF layers) possessed an optimized high dielectric constant Ε’ of 24.1 and exhibited a maximum TC of 1.22 W·m−1K−1. The Ε’ was 6 times higher than EP/PEI single layer and 2.4 times higher than PVDF single layer, and the TC enhancement efficiency was up to 330 %. The breakdown strength (Eb) and energy storage density (Ue) of PVEP-1.5 reached 176 kV·mm−1 and 1.5 J·cm−3, respectively, representing a remarkable improvement over the pristine EP/PEI (Eb = 47.3 kV·mm−1 and Ue = 0.044 J·cm−3). The synergetic effect of multiphase morphology and the selective distribution 2D nanosheets presented great potential for the fabrication of epoxy-based multilayer composites with enhanced energy storage performance and superior heat dissipation property. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanosheets

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Quantum Interference in a Molecular Analog of the Crystalline Silicon Unit Cell

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Journal of the American Chemical Society 2025年第19期147卷 16602-16610页

作者： Hight, Matthew O. Pimentel, Ashley E. Siu, Timothy C. Wong, Joshua Y. Nguyen, Jennifer Carta, Veronica Su, Timothy A. Department of Chemistry University of California RiversideCA92506 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92506 United States

This manuscript describes the emergence of destructive σ-quantum interference (σ-DQI) in sila-adamantane, a molecule whose cluster core is isostructural with the crystalline silicon unit cell. To reveal these σ-DQI effects, we take a bridge-cutting approach where we conceptually pare sila-adamantane down to its bicyclic Si[3.3.1] and linear oligosilane forms. Scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements reveal that conductance in single-molecule junctions of the tricyclic sila-adamantane is 2.7-times lower than their bicyclic Si[3.3.1] analog. The only structural difference between their cluster cores is a remote dimethylsilylene bridge that is present in sila-adamantane yet absent in Si[3.3.1]. Density functional theory calculations reveal that this dimethylsilylene enforces C3 symmetry at the sila-diamondoid bridgeheads, allowing each electrode to couple into the three cluster bridge dimensions equally. Though each bridge alignment is sterically equivalent, they have profound electronic differences: when electrodes align with the long branches of sila-adamantane, strong σ-DQI interactions occur between frontier molecular orbitals that suppress electronic transmission across the molecular junction. We exploit these alignment-dependent σ-DQI effects to create new forms of stereoelectronic conductance switches, where a reversible mechanical stimulus controls which pathway through the diamondoid framework the electrodes align through. This represents the first example of dynamic modulation of σ-DQI and enables us to achieve switching ratios (average on/off ∼5.6) higher than previously reported σ-stereoelectronic switches. These studies reveal how the innate dimensionality and symmetry of crystalline silicon influence charge transport at its most fundamental level, and how these principles can be harnessed to control quantum interference in single-molecule electronics. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Molecular orbitals

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Application of microencapsulated essential oil extracted from Thymus schimperi for its antibacterial and antioxidant activity on minced meat

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Discover Applied sciences 2025年第5期7卷 1-17页

作者： Asres, Yisgedu Hymete, Ariaya Admassu, Habtamu Ayalew, Amare Department of Chemical Engineering Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Food Engineering Debre Birhan University Debre Birhan Ethiopia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Food Process Engineering Program Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Chemistry Debre Birhan University Debre Birhan Ethiopia

This study investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Thymus schimperi essential oil (EO) microencapsulated using spray-drying (SD) and freeze-drying (FD) methods. The effectiveness of these encapsulated EOs was compared to sodium nitrite and an untreated meat sample, serving as a negative control, over a 15-day refrigerated storage period (4 °C). In vitro antioxidant activity, evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, revealed higher values for SD-encapsulated T. schimperi EO compared to FD-encapsulated EO. DPPH radical scavenging activity for SD-encapsulated EO ranged from 4.6 to 45.15%, while FD-encapsulated EO exhibited activity from 2.73 to 39.81%. ABTS radical scavenging activity for SD-encapsulated EO ranged from 10.45 to 35.12%, and for FD-encapsulated EO from 7.24 to 29.82%. FRAP values were 0.68 mg TE/g for SD-encapsulated EO and 0.73 mg TE/g for FD-encapsulated EO. Antibacterial activity, determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), indicated that SD-encapsulated T. schimperi EO demonstrated greater efficacy against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium (MIC: 4 mg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus epidermidis (MIC: 8 mg/mL), compared to FD-encapsulated EO (E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium: 8 mg/mL;Staphylococcus aureus: 16 mg/mL;Streptococcus epidermidis: 8 mg/mL). In situ antibacterial activity during refrigerated storage demonstrated the following order of efficacy: sodium nitrite > free T. schimperi EO > SD-encapsulated EO > FD-encapsulated EO > untreated control. These findings suggest that SD-encapsulated T. schimperi EO possesses better antibacterial and antioxidant properties compared to FD-encapsulated EO, indicating its potential as a promising natural preservative for meat products. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Microencapsulation

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Material Design for Durable Lubricant-Infused Surfaces That Can Reduce Liquid and Solid Fouling

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ACS Nano 2025年第19期19卷 18075-18094页

作者： Wang, Fan-Wei Sun, Jianxing Tuteja, Anish Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Liquid and solid fouling is a pervasive problem in numerous natural and industrial settings, significantly impacting energy efficiency, greenhouse emissions, operational costs, equipment lifespan, and human health. Inspired by pitcher plants, recently developed lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) demonstrate resistance to both liquid and solid accretion under diverse environmental conditions, offering a potential solution to combat various foulants such as ice, bacteria, and mineral deposits. However, the commercial viability for most fouling-resistant LISs has thus far been compromised due to the challenges associated with maintaining a stable lubricant layer during operation. This review aims to address this important concern by providing systematic material design guidelines for fabricating durable LISs. We discuss fundamental design principles, methods for evaluating fouling resistance, and strategies to prevent lubricant loss. By presenting a comprehensive design methodology for this important class of materials, this review aims to aid future advancements in the field of antifouling surfaces, potentially impacting a variety of industries ranging from marine engineering to medical device manufacturing. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Biofouling

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Nano-enhanced potassium biostimulants: augmenting wheat yield, antioxidant activity, and micronutrient bioavailability in arid agricultural systems

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Nanotechnology for Environmental engineering 2025年第2期10卷 1-14页

作者： Shahryari, Ali Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi, Sedigheh Beyzaei, Hamid Mohammadi, Yasaman Nusrat, Easmin Sharifan, Hamidreza Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences University of Zabol Zabol Iran Department of Chemistry Faculty of Basic Sciences University of Zabol Zabol Iran Environmental Science and Engineering Program University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX United States

The development of agricultural biostimulants (BS) has marked a significant advancement in bolstering crop resilience against environmental stressors. This study investigates synthesizing and applying six novel nano-based potassium (K)-enriched biostimulants that enhance micronutrient availability, nitrogen uptake, and subsequent plant growth during seed germination and developmental phases. Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), the synthesized biostimulants were characterized before their application in soil-supporting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation. The biostimulants’ effects at three concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 mmol) and were evaluated on physiological and biomolecular parameters. To assess nutrient availability, soil mineral content was analyzed via X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). An increase in biostimulant concentration led to a marked rise in seed germination rates, correlating with elevated bioavailability of nitrates, ammonia, sulfur, potassium, and other key micronutrients. At a threshold concentration of 0.2 mmol, a notable improvement in the bioavailability of nutrients and a significant increase in the total phenol and flavonoid content was observed. The phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE), while flavonoids were quantified based on quercetin equivalents. These phytochemicals were correlated with enhanced antioxidant activities, measured using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. The results indicated an 80% increase in antioxidant capacity, particularly for biostimulant BS6 at the 0.2 mmol concentration. Furthermore, biostimulants demonstrated a positive effect on the elongation of radicles and plumules, contributing to improved plant vigor. Overall, the study highlights the potential of synthesized K-based biostimulants to significantly enhance crop productivity, nutrient uptake, and antio

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Methacrylic acid/Tween 80 engineered amorphous calcium phosphate as an effective bioactive reinforcing nanofillers in dental adhesive

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Dental Materials Journal 2025年第2期44卷 190-200页

作者： Maimansomsuk, Siripatsorn Teangrom, Paremai Teanchai, Chayada Sinthuvanich, Chomdao Ruengket, Pakorn Attarataya, Jakrada Akkarachaneeyakorn, Khrongkhwan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok10900 Thailand Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok10900 Thailand Research Center Faculty of Dentistry Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics Program Graduate School Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand

Bioactive fillers in dental adhesives are designed to release beneficial ions, such as calcium and phosphate, to help in remineralization process, and preventing secondary caries. Their incorporation also aims to improve the longevity of dental restorations. Herein, CaP nanoparticles were synthesized through a water-in-oil emulsion method using Tween80 as a surfactant and methacrylic acid (MAA). MAA officiated as a co-surfactant and reduced the size of CaP nanoparticle, including improved compatibility with the components of dental adhesive. The incorporation of 2% T80/CaP/MAA nanofillers into dental adhesive demonstrated increased efficiency, as evidenced by a higher degree of conversion (%DC) and greater micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS). More importantly, T80/CaP/ MAA nanofillers were able to induce remineralization process in the dental structure, which was confirmed by EDX mapping and IR imaging. Finally, a cytotoxicity assessment of the dental adhesive containing T80/CaP/MAA showed no significant adverse effects on human fibroblast cells. © 2025, Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stem cells

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Ultrastable supported oxygen evolution electrocatalyst formed by ripening-induced embedding

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6735期387卷 791-796页

作者： Shi, Wenjuan Shen, Tonghao Xing, Chengkun Sun, Kai Yan, Qisheng Niu, Wenzhe Yang, Xiao Li, Jingjing Wei, Chenyang Wang, Ruijie Fu, Shuqing Yang, Yong Xue, Liangyao Chen, Junfeng Cui, Shiwen Hu, Xiaoyue Xie, Ke Xu, Xin Duan, Sai Xu, Yifei Zhang, Bo State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Hefei National Laboratory Hefei China

The future deployment of terawatt-scale proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) technology necessitates development of an efficient oxygen evolution catalyst with low cost and long lifetime. Currently, the stability of the most active iridium (Ir) catalysts is impaired by dissolution, redeposition, detachment, and agglomeration of Ir species. Here we present a ripening-induced embedding strategy that securely embeds the Ir catalyst in a cerium oxide support. Cryogenic electron tomography and all-atom kinetic Monte Carlo simulations reveal that synchronizing the growth rate of the support with the nucleation rate of Ir, regulated by sonication, is pivotal for successful synthesis. A PEMWE using this catalyst achieves a cell voltage of 1.72 volts at a current density of 3 amperes per square centimeter with an Ir loading of just 0.3 milligrams per square centimeter and a voltage degradation rate of 1.33 microvolts per hour, as demonstrated by a 6000-hour accelerated aging test.

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Energy Transfer Mechanisms in Large Low-Bandgap Polymers from Time-Resolved Experiments and Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics Calculations

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chemistry of Materials 2025年第10期37卷 3769-3775页

作者： Phun, Gabriel S. Kern, Dana B. Sfeir, Matthew Y. Azoulay, Jason D. Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemistry Department of Physics & Astronomy Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California-Riverside Riverside 92521 CA United States School of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30332 GA United States Materials Science Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden 80401 CO United States

Conjugated polymers offer unprecedented chemical tunability for modulating energy transfer in a multitude of infrared light applications. In this work, we use a combination of time-resolved spectroscopic experiments and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics calculations to probe the photochemistry and nonradiative transitions in a recently synthesized narrow bandgap donor-acceptor conjugated polymer based on alternating cyclopentadithiophene and electronegative benzothiadiazole heterocycles. Using large-scale semi-empirical nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, which can treat a large 260-atom hexamer, we calculate an S₅ → S₁ lifetime of 34.75 fs, which is consistent with our time-resolved spectroscopic data. Our simulations suggest that vibronic motions of the central carbons in the cyclopentadithiophene functional groups are predominantly involved in the nonradiative transitions, and the excitation becomes more localized on a monomer fragment over time. The combined use of time-resolved experiments and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics calculations in this work provides mechanistic insight into chemical functionalities that can be tuned to enhance energy transfer in other prospective low-bandgap polymer materials. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Spectroscopic analysis

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Sustainable compression-molded bamboo fibers/poly(lactic acid)green composites with excellent UV shielding performance

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第2期205卷 247-257页

作者： Binqi Fei Haiyan Yang Jing Yang Dawei Wang Hua Guo Hua Hou Saad Melhi Ben Bin Xu Hamdy Khamees Thabet Zhanhu Guo Zhengjun Shi Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of EducationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering Northumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE1 8STUK Department of Chemistry College of Sciences and ArtsNorthern Border UniversityRafha 91911Saudi Arabia

The increasing deployment of electronics in everyday life has generated great concerns regarding the ef-fective disposal of waste from these ***,we focused on a facile sustainable and economical strategy to provide ideas for this *** strategy relied on using appropriate mechanical treatment and sodium lignosulfonate coating to improve the dispersion and interfacial compatibility of bamboo fibers in poly(lactic acid).By optimising the particle size and concentration of sodium lignosulphonate,high value-added and green composites were prepared using sectional pressurization with a venting *** treated composite displayed an ultra-smooth surface(roughness of 0.592 nm),impressive transient properties(disintegration and degradation behaviour after 30 d),and outstanding ultraviolet(UV)shielding properties(100％).These properties hold the promise of being an excellent substrate for electronic devices,especially for high-precision processing,transient electronics,and UV damage *** satisfactory interfacial compatibility of the composites was confirmed by detailed characterisa-tion regarding the related physicochemical *** investigation offers a sustainable approach for producing high value-added green composites from biomass and biomass-derived materials.

关键词： Bamboo fibers Poly(lactic acid) Interfacial compatibility Sodium lignosulfonate

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