Recent developments in a variety of sectors, including health care, research and the direct-to-consumer industry, have led to a dramatic increase in the amount of genomic data that are collected, used and shared. This...
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Recent developments in a variety of sectors, including health care, research and the direct-to-consumer industry, have led to a dramatic increase in the amount of genomic data that are collected, used and shared. This state of affairs raises new and challenging concerns for personal privacy, both legally and technically. This Review appraises existing and emerging threats to genomic data privacy and discusses how well current legal frameworks and technical safeguards mitigate these concerns. It concludes with a discussion of remaining and emerging challenges and illustrates possible solutions that can balance protecting privacy and realizing the benefits that result from the sharing of genetic information.
Artificial intelligence(AI) systems surpass certain human intelligence abilities in a statistical sense as a whole, but are not yet the true realization of these human intelligence abilities and behaviors. There are d...
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Artificial intelligence(AI) systems surpass certain human intelligence abilities in a statistical sense as a whole, but are not yet the true realization of these human intelligence abilities and behaviors. There are differences, and even contradictions, between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. With the goal of achieving general AI, this study contains a review of the role of cognitivescience in inspiring the development of the three mainstream academic branches of AI based on the three-layer framework proposed by David Marr, and the limitations of the current development of AI are explored and analyzed. The differences and inconsistencies between the cognition mechanisms of the human brain and the computation mechanisms of AI systems are analyzed. They are found to be the cause of the differences and contradictions between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. Additionally, eight important research directions and their scientific issues that need to focus on braininspired AI research are proposed: highly imitated bionic information processing, a large-scale deep learning model that balances structure and function, multi-granularity joint problem solving bidirectionally driven by data and knowledge, AI models that simulate specific brain structures, a collaborative processing mechanism with the physical separation of perceptual processing and interpretive analysis, embodied intelligence that integrates the brain cognitive mechanism and AI computation mechanisms,intelligence simulation from individual intelligence to group intelligence(social intelligence), and AI-assisted brain cognitive intelligence.
Load sharing is key to the efficient operation of distributed systems. This paper investigates load sharing policies in a heterogeneous distributed system, where half of the total processors have double the speed of t...
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Load sharing is key to the efficient operation of distributed systems. This paper investigates load sharing policies in a heterogeneous distributed system, where half of the total processors have double the speed of the others. Processor performance is examined and compared under a variety of workloads. Two job classes are considered. Programs of the first class are dedicated to fast processors, while second class programs are generic in the sense that they can be allocated to any processor. The objective is to find a policy that results in good overall performance while maintaining the fairness of individual job classes. Simulation results indicate that the performance of the best method depends on system load.
The DNS Bandwidth Amplification Attack (BAA) is a distributed denial-of-service attack in which a network of computers floods a DNS server with responses to requests that have never been made. Amplification enters int...
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Anomaly detection is the identification of instances that substantially deviate from the majority of the data and do not conform to a well-defined normal behavior. Investigating time series anomalies has become increa...
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Learning probabilistic predictive models that are well calibrated is critical for many prediction and decisionmaking tasks in Data mining. This paper presents two new non-parametric methods for calibrating outputs of ...
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The notions of independence and dimension as introduced by Cohn for universal algebras are quite significantly different from the standard ones. This paper compares some of these notions. In particular, necessary and ...
The notions of independence and dimension as introduced by Cohn for universal algebras are quite significantly different from the standard ones. This paper compares some of these notions. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for spanning and generating to coincide are derived. Moreover, the paper exhibits a new class of algebras which have bases and well-defined dimensions. This class extends that of v*-algebras and is incomparable with the class of v**-algebras.
Preliminary detection and classification of cardiac arrhythmia is one of the most important problems in biomedical signal processing. This research proposes the estimation of instantaneous frequency (IF) of an ECG sig...
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