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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and systems 2008年第10期128卷 1543-1549+5页

作者： Satake, Shinsuke Inai, Hiroshi Arai, Tsuyoshi Department of Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University 111 Kuboki Soja-shi Okayama 719-1197 Japan

There have been proposed several dynamic load-balancing methods for web server clusters. In order to realize an effective load-balancing, they have required an almost real-time server load information which could be obtained from an observation of client-server interactions or a frequent polling from the load-balancer (dispatcher) to each server. However the observation provides an indirect server load information and the polling interval produces a time-lag. To overcome that problem, this paper proposes a load-balancing method based on a server load estimation. Under an employment of our method, the load-balancer selects an estimated least-loaded server, and then assigns the arriving request to that server. The estimation is based on a fact that the file transfer delay is proportional to the file size. The fact makes it possible to estimate each server load from the last request assigned time and the file size. From a performance comparison with the previously proposed methods, our method can realize an effective load balancing for web server clusters. © 2008 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Web services

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Time-delay compensation by communication disturbance observers of different orders in bilateral teleoperation systems

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IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 2009年第4期129卷 353-362+1页

作者： Natori, Kenji Kubo, Ryogo Shimono, Tomoyuki Ohnishi, Kouhei Miura, Kanako Furukawa, Hirotaka Takahata, Minora Department of System Design Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama 223-8522 Japan AIST Tsukuba Central 2 Tsukuba 305-8568 Japan Communication Media Research Group Research Laboratories NTT DOCOMO INC. 3-6 Hikarino-oka Yokosuka 239-8536 Japan

This paper describes the validation of time-delay compensation by communication disturbance observers (CDOBs) of different orders in bilateral teleoperation systems. A time-delay compensation method based on the concept of network disturbance (ND) and CDOB is novel and is as effective as the Smith predictor. Furthermore, the method can be used even when the value of delay time is not available, since the method does not employ delay-time model. Therefore, it is expected that the method can be used in the case of time-varying delays such as delays over the Internet. However, time-delay compensation in the case of time-varying delays has not been sufficiently verified yet. In this study, we compare the time-delay compensation by CDOBs of different orders. The experimental results pertaining to both constant and time-varying delays are shown to compare the time-delay compensation by CDOBs of different orders. © 2009 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Time delay

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A genetic algorithm for cryptanalysis with application to DES-like systems

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International Journal of Network Security 2009年第2期8卷 177-188页

作者： Husei, Hasan Mohammed Hasan Bayoumi, Bayoumi I. Holail, Fathy Saad Hasan, Bahaa Eldin M. Abd El-Mageed, Mohammed Z. Research Development Center National Defense Council Cairo Egypt Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Head of C. R. Division Research Development Center National Defense Council Cairo Egypt C. R. Division Research Development Center National Defense Council Cairo Egypt Department of Computer and System Faculty of Engineering Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Various cryptosystems use exhaustive techniques to search the key space. Such search techniques should be guided in order to be computationally adequate. Here, a Genetic Algorithm, GA, is proposed for the cryptanalysis of DES-like systems to find out the underlying key. The genetic algorithm approach is adopted, for obtaining the exact key by forming an initial population of keys that belong to the key subspace. In the proposed algorithms the premature convergence could be avoided by dynamic variation of control parameters that can affect the fitness function. In this paper a new method has been developed for the first time to break DES-like examples. These ex-amples include both DES and FEAL with eight rounds. The performance of the propsed method, as such, is con-siderably faster than exhaustive search and differential cryptanalysis, DC. Therefore, it can be directly applied to a variety of DES-like systems instead of the current DC techniques.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Interconnection mechanism for multi-core architectures with shared cache memory

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Journal of engineering and Applied science 2008年第6期55卷 531-544页

作者： Saad, E.M. Awadalla, M.H.A. Sadek, A.M. Department of Communication Electronics and Computers Faculty of Engineering Helwan University Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Fayoum University Egypt

This paper addresses the interconnection design issues of area, power and performance of chip multi processors with shared cache memory. It shows that having shared cache memory contributes a lot to an improved performance, but typical interconnection between cores and the shared cache using crossbar occupies most of the chip area and consumes a lot of power and also does not scale efficiently with increased number of cores. New interconnection mechanisms are needed to address these issues. This research suggests an architectural paradigm in an attempt to gain the advantages of having shared cache with the avoidance of penalty imposed by the crossbar interconnect. The proposed architecture achieves smaller area occupation allowing more space to add additional cache memory. It also achieves better power consumption compared to the existing crossbar architecture "about 60% of the power consumed by the crossbar".

关键词： Cache memory

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Intelligent End-To-End Resource Virtualization Using Service Oriented Architecture

Intelligent End-To-End Resource Virtualization Using Service...

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IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： E. Onur E. Sfakianakis C. Papagianni G. Karagiannis T. Kontos I. Niemegeers I. P. Chochliouros S. Heemstra de Groot P. Sjodin M. Hidell T. Cinkler M. Maliosz D. I. Kaklamani J. Carapinha M. Belesioti E. Fytros Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technnology Netherlands Laboratories & New Technologies Division Research Programs Section Hellenic Telecommunications Organization S. A. Athens Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National and Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science and CTIT University of Twente Enschede Netherlands Siemens IT Solutions and Services Athens Greece Twente Institute for Wireless and Mobile Communications Enschede Netherlands School of Information and Communication Technology Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Telecommunications and Media Informatics Budapest University슠of슠Technology슠and슠Economics Hungary Portugal Telecom Group PT Inovação S A Portugal

Service-oriented architecture can be considered as a philosophy or paradigm in organizing and utilizing services and capabilities that may be under the control of different ownership domains. Virtualization provides abstraction and isolation of lower level functionalities, enabling portability of higher level functions and sharing of physical resources. However, dynamics, environmental conditions and increasing complexity / heterogeneity of underlying resources call for adaptive resource handling. In this view an intelligent distributed architecture that enables dynamic user management and control on network-wide resource sharing by using the service oriented architecture concept is presented. Additionally, the proposed architecture supports trading of resources that will enable the transformation of traditional business models.

关键词： Resource virtualization Service oriented architecture Resource management computer networks Grid computing Cloud computing Mathematics computer science Organizing Hardware

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Data analysis of road pavement density measurements using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

Data analysis of road pavement density measurements using Gr...

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International Conference on computer and communication engineering 2008, ICCCE08: Global Links for Human Development

作者： Raja Abdullah, R.S.A. Mohd Shafri, Helmi Zulhaidi Bin Roslee, Mardeni Bin Department of Computer and Communication System Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424416929

This work describes an analysis of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) measurements at frequency range of 1.7-2.6 GHz to get a relationship between attenuation and density for nine road pavements slabs with different densities. There are about two different frequencies had been tried. The method is simple, fast, contact less and accurate way to determine the density of road pavement. The most important parameter that used in this project is density where it can be used to determine the compressive strength of road pavement. In laboratory, the measurement system consists of a signal generator (250 kHz-3GHz) as a source, spectrum analyzer (100Hz-8GHz), directional coupler with adapter and horn antenna. The first part of the measurement system setup is to determine the amplitude of transmitted wave (received signal strength). A few of received signal strength and attenuation for nine pavement slab samples were taken at two different frequencies. The GPR mixture model has been used to produce the simulation data and has been compared with measurement data. An instantaneous method for measuring the density of road pavement in wave propagation was developed by using microwave transmission/ reflection technique and free space method at two frequencies. The MATLAB software is used to analyze the measurement and simulation data and also for the graphs comparisons. The relative error between measurement and simulation were calculated. The results from the GPR measurement were used and were elaborated in data statistical analysis. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Horn antennas

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A radial basic function with multiple input and multiple output neural network to control a non-linear plant of unknown dynamics

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Information Technology Journal 2008年第3期7卷 430-439页

作者： El-Kouatly, R. G.Salman, A. Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Damascus University Syria College of Computer Engineering and Information Syrian National Private University for Science and Technology Syria

In this study, the application of the Radial Basis Function (RBF) with Multiple Input and Multiple Output (MIMO) Neural networks to control two types of non linear model plants of unknown dynamics. For the first step a model of a control was developed using the variable liquid-level which can be use in a chemical plant, or power station, where the liquid-level is change within fixed real time. In this control system Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks was used to control the liquid-level of the plant. The second step introduced the changes of the liquid-level in real time, also Radial Basis Function with MEMO neural networks has been used to control the level liquid. The study shows that the proposed control system produces accurate results for the two types of models. However, we notice that the training, using back propagation, for the second model take a more considerable time than training the first model. © 2008 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

关键词： Backpropagation

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Field test validation of optimized ground penetrating radar (GPR) mixture model at frequency range 1.7 GHz to 2.6 GHz

Field test validation of optimized ground penetrating radar ...

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2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference, RFM 2008

作者： Mardeni, R. Raja Abdullah, R.S.A. Mohd Shafri, Helmi Zulhaidi Department of Computer and Communication System Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428663

This paper presents the validation of optimized GPR mixture model based on the microwave nondestructive free space method in order to determine the density of road pavement. Density is an important parameter to determine the compressive strength of road pavement for road user safety. The attenuation is a major factor for gathering the density of road pavement predictly. A few of measured attenuation were taken at nine road pavement slab samples in laboratory. The GPR mixture model has been used to produce the simulation data to predict the attenuation. The comparison results between measurement and simulation were investigated. The best performance of GPR mixture model was selected in the optimization technique due to the smallest mean error. An improved attenuation formula or optimized GPR model was obtained from the optimization technique. The validation at field test had been conducted in order to see the performance of optimized GPR model. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Compressive strength

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Maximizing the energy efficiency in MS-MAC using a dynamic approach

Maximizing the energy efficiency in MS-MAC using a dynamic a...

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IEEE 2008 6th National Conference on Telecommunication Technologies and IEEE 2008 2nd Malaysia Conference on Photonics, NCTT-MCP 2008

作者： Mouzehkesh, Nesa Noordin, Nor K. Rasid, Mohd Fadlee A. Department of Computer and Communication System Engineering Faculty of Engineering University Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424422159

There has been an intensive research on a good MAC protocol design for wireless sensor networks with stationary nodes in which they all aim at making some wise trade offs between the network performance parameters and energy efficiency as the main design principle in WSN. But almost none of these MAC protocols, except a few, have addressed mobility in their structure which poses many new challenges to the MAC concept in wireless sensor networks. This paper collaborates on a little enhancement on MS-MAC, a mobility adaptive MAC protocol, in WSN. The MS-MAC protocol handles mobility by proactively increasing the frequency of the Sync period inside the active zone. However this increase is based on a static approach which forms the active zone with a constant value of R and appears to be problematic when the border node becomes mobile as well. In this paper we aim at optimizing the value of R by dynamically increasing or decreasing it according to the distance the border node takes from the border region. We expect that this dynamic approach increases the energy efficiency by preventing the nodes inside the virtual clusters going into the active zone unnecessarily but yet at the cost of an increased latency. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Adaptive Parallel Model Combination for Reduced Environmental Mismatch in Noisy Speech Recognition

Adaptive Parallel Model Combination for Reduced Environmenta...

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International Conference on Electronic Design

作者： Tan, S. S. Ahmad, Abdul Manan Software Engineering Department Faculty of Computer Science and Information System University of Technology Malaysia Malaysia Speech Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science and Information System University of Technology Malaysia Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423149

Due to environmental mismatch, speech recognition systems often exhibit drastic performance degradation in noisy conditions. This paper presents a model-based technique termed Adaptive Parallel Model Combination (APMC) which compensates the initial acoustic models to reduce the discrepancy. APMC used the well-known PMC technique to composite a set of corrupted speech models, while fine tuning the mean parameter of the models using a transformation-based adaptation technique called Maximum Likelihood Spectral Transformation (MLST). Evaluated on a context-independent phone recognition task, APMC was found to be superior to both PMC and MLST, especially in non-stationary noisy conditions. On average, APMC has achieved 48.81% improvement over the initial models, whereas PMC and MLST have improved the accuracy by 34.12% and 35.23% respectively.

关键词： Maximum likelihood

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