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How to Collect Balls Moving in the Euclidean Plane

Electronic Notes in Theoretical computer science 2004年 91卷 229-245页

作者： Yuichi Asahiro Takashi Horiyama Kazuhisa Makino Hirotaka Ono Toshinori Sakuma Masafumi Yamashita Department of Social Information Systems Faculty of Information Science Kyushu Sangyo University Fukuoka 813-8503 Japan Depatment of Communications and Computer Engineering Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Division of Systems Science Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan

In this paper, we study how to collect n balls moving with constant velocities in the Euclidean plane by k robots moving on straight track-lines through the origin. Since all the balls might not be caught by robots, differently from Moving-Target TSP, we consider the following 3 problems in various situations: (i) deciding if k robots can collect all n balls, (ii) maximizing the number of the balls collected by k robots, and (iii) minimizing the number of the robots to collect all n balls. The situations considered here contain the cases in which track-lines are given (or not), and track-lines are identical (or not). For all problems and situations, we provide polynomial time algorithms or proofs of intractability, which clarify the tractability-intractability frontier in the ball collecting problems in the Euclidean plane.

关键词： Moving-Target TSP Vehicle routing problem Partially ordered set Combinatorial optimization

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Recurrent neural network with backpropagation through time for speech recognition

Recurrent neural network with backpropagation through time f...

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International Symposium on communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT)

作者： A.M. Ahmad S. Ismail D.F. Samaon Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information System Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Johor Malaysia

Speech recognition and understanding have been studied for many years. The neural network is well-known as a technique that is able to classify nonlinear problems. Much research has been done in applying neural networks to solving the problem of recognizing speech such as Arabic. Arabic offers a number of challenges to speech recognition. We propose a fully-connected hidden layer between the input and state nodes and the output. We also investigate and show that this hidden layer makes the learning of complex classification tasks more efficient. We also investigate the difference between LPCC (linear predictive cepstrum coefficients) and MFCC (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) in the feature extraction process. The aim of the study was to observe the differences in the 29 letters of the Arabic alphabet from "alif" to "ya". The purpose of this research is to upgrade the knowledge and understanding of Arabic alphabet or words using a fully-connected recurrent neural network (FCRNN) and backpropagation through time (BPTT) learning algorithm. Six speakers (a mixture of male and female) in a quiet environment are used in training.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks Backpropagation Speech recognition Neurofeedback Neural networks Natural languages Writing Neurons Software engineering computer science

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A genetic algorithm for optimizing switching sequence of service restoration in distribution systems

A genetic algorithm for optimizing switching sequence of ser...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： I. Watanabe M. Nodu Communication & Information Research Laboratow Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Komae Tokyo Japan Department of Information and System Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Chuo University Bunkyo Tokyo Japan

This work proposes a genetic algorithm (GA) for a minimization problem of expected energy not supplied (EENS) during restoration process in distribution systems. The solution of the problem provides an effective service restoration strategy that improves system reliability. The proposed optimization algorithm for the problem is a two-stage genetic algorithm. The first stage GA creates radial network configurations and the second stage GA searches for an optimal sequence of switching operations that minimizes EENS for each configuration. For optimizing the whole restoration process, these two stages iteratively interact with each other. The numerical results using a test distribution system demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Power system restoration Reliability Power engineering and energy Minimization methods Iterative algorithms Switches communication switching communication industry systems engineering and theory

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Impact of multiple frequency channels usage on the performance of TDMA-based broadband fixed cellular multihop networks

Impact of multiple frequency channels usage on the performan...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless communications and Networking

作者： I. Syed M.H. Ahmed H. Yanikomeroglu S. Mahmoud Broadband Communication and Wireless Systems Centre (BCWS) Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University Saint John's Canada

This work analyzes the impact of having more than one frequency channel on outage probability and node throughput in TDMA-based broadband fixed cellular multihop networks. The scenario considered is a low node density, start-up network with inadequate single-hop coverage. In this scenario the user terminals themselves act as relays, therefore, there are no additional relays deployed by the service provider: besides, no separate relaying channels are used (this scenario ensures a fair comparison between the multihop cellular network considered here and the traditional single-hop cellular network). In a situation where there is outage with a single-hop due to poor coverage, a suitable multihop route with minimum number of hops is sought. It is observed that as the number of available channels increases the coverage is enhanced remarkably; in addition, the average node throughput is increased as well although no explicit attempt for throughput maximization is made during the search for the multihop routes.

关键词： Frequency Cellular networks Spread spectrum communication Relays Land mobile radio cellular systems Throughput Mesh networks Base stations Wireless mesh networks Broadband communication

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EFFICIENT AND SECURE AUTONOMOUS system BASED TRACEBACK

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Journal of Interconnection Networks 2004年第2期5卷 151-164页

作者： ARJAN DURRESI VAMSI PARUCHURI LEONARD BAROLLI RAJGOPAL KANNAN S. S. IYENGAR Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University 298 Coates Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Department of Information and Communication Engineering Faculty of Information Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT) 3-30-1 Wajiro-Higashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan

The design of the IP protocol makes it difficult to reliably identify the originator of an IP packet, causing the defense against Distributed Denial of Service attacks to become one of the hardest problems on the Internet today. Previous solutions for this problem try to traceback to the exact origin of the attack by requiring every router's participation. For many reasons this requirement is impractical and the victim results with an approximate location of the attacker. Reconstruction of the whole path is also very difficult due to the sheer size of the Internet. This paper presents lightweight schemes for tracing back to the attack-originating AS instead to the exact origin itself. Once the attack-originating AS is determined, all further routers in the path to the attacker are within that AS and under the control of a single entity; which can presumably monitor local traffic in a more direct way than a generalized, Internet scale, packet marking scheme can. We furthermore, provide a scheme to prevent compromised routers from forging markings.

关键词： Traceback DDoS network security

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Challenge of human factor influence for car safety

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Neural Network World 2004年第1期14卷 37-47页

作者： Novák, Mirko Votruba, Zdenëk Jt. Laboratory of System Reliability Faculty of Transportation Sciences Czech Technical University Prague Institute of Computer Science Acad. of Sci. of the Czech Republic Prague Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Transportation Sciences Czech Technical University Prague

The challenge of human factor influence for analyzing the reliability and safety of car transportation is discussed. An analysis of the density and the kind of use among the drivers in different regions and seasons of the year is made. The possibilities to detect the driver falling into a relaxant, somnolent or micro-sleep stage by the use of suitable combination of secondary factors are investigated. The operation of the driver in the moving car is an example of very complicated interaction between several very heterogeneous systems.

关键词： Motor transportation

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A test structure for two-dimensional analysis of MOSFETs by hot-carrier-induced photoemission

A test structure for two-dimensional analysis of MOSFETs by ...

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IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Test Structures

作者： T. Matsuda A. Muramatsu H. Iwata T. Ohzone K. Yamashita N. Koike K. Tatsuuma Department of Electronics and Informatics Toyama Prefectural University Imizu Toyama Japan Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Soja Okayama Japan ULSI Process Technology Development Center Semiconductor Company Matsushita Elecrric Indusrrial Company Limited Minami Kyoto Japan

A test structure and method for two-dimensional analysis of fabrication process and reliability of MOSFET using a photoemission microscope are presented. Arrays of 20/spl times/10(=200) MOSFETs were successfully measured at a time and evaluated the fluctuation of their characteristics. The fluctuation of hot-carrier-induced photoemission intensity was larger as gate length becomes smaller. Although the intensity fluctuation of photoemission in the same MOSFET was within small range, the fluctuation all over the MOSFET array was relatively large and independent of the position in the array.

关键词： MOSFETs Hot carriers Photoelectricity Charge coupled devices Fluctuations Circuit testing Time measurement Optical microscopy Wavelength measurement Electric variables measurement

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Raman scattering investigation of a Ge/SiO2/Si nanocrystal system under hydrostatic pressure

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Physical Review B 2004年第12期69卷 125333-125333页

作者： Lei Liu K. L. Teo Z. X. Shen J. S. Sun E. H. Ong A. V. Kolobov Y. Maeda Physics Department Blk. S12 Faculty of Science National University of Singapore 2 Science Drive 3 117542 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 117576 Singapore Mechatronics & Micro System Group Data Storage Institute 117608 Singapore Center for Applied Near-Field Optics Research (CANFOR) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Central 4 1-1-1 Higashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8562 Japan Department of Energy Science and Technology Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan

We have studied the hydrostatic pressure dependence of Ge nanocrystals embedded in a SiO2 matrix on a Si substrate by Raman scattering at room temperature. During the first cycle of increasing pressure, we observed a step change in the Ge Raman mode from 310.4 to 313.8cm−1 at ∼23kbar. The linear pressure coefficients α obtained before and after the step change at ∼23kbar are 0.42 and 0.64cm−1kbar−1, respectively. Upon decreasing pressure, the Ge mode follows a single slope of pressure coefficient α=0.64cm−1kbar−1. A finite-element analysis was carried out to investigate the elastic-field distribution in the Ge/SiO2/Si nanocrystal system, where the discontinuity of the specific geometric configuration with different elastic constants causes local areas of stress concentration around the interface. The step change of the Raman shifts with pressure at ∼23kbar was attributed to complete delamination between the SiO2 film and the Si substrate.

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AN EFFICIENT MULTI-PURPOSE OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR QOS ROUTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

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Journal of Interconnection Networks 2004年第4期5卷 409-428页

作者： AKIO KOYAMA LEONARD BAROLLI GENCI CAPI BERNADY O. APDUHAN JUNPEI ARAI ARJAN DURRESI Department of Informatics Yamagata University 4-3-16 Jonan Yonezawa Yamagata 992-8510 Japan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT) 3-30-1 Wajiro-Higashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811- 0295 Japan Department of System Management Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT) 3-30-1 Wajiro-Higashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan Department of Intelligent Informatics Kyushu Sangyo University 2-3-1 Matsukadai Higashi-ku Fukuoka 813-8503 Japan Department of Information and Control Engineering Yamagata College of Industry and Technology 1-2-2 Matsuei Yamagata 990-2473 Japan Department of Computer Science Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA

In order to support multimedia communication, it is necessary to develop routing algorithms that make decisions based on multiple Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. This is because new services such as video on demand and remote meeting systems have multiple QoS requirements. However, the problem of QoS routing is difficult because finding a feasible route with two independent path constraints is NP-complete problem. Also, QoS routing algorithms for broadband networks must be adaptive, flexible, and intelligent for efficient network management. In this paper, we propose a multi-purpose optimization method for QoS routing based on Genetic Algorithm (GA). The simulation results show that the proposed method has a good performance and therefore is a promising method for QoS routing.

关键词： Broadband Networks Genetic Algorithm QoS Routing Multi-purpose Optimization

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A review of image watermarking

A review of image watermarking

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Student Conference on Research and Development, SCOReD 2003

作者： Wan Adnan, W.A. Hitam, S. Abdul-Karim, S. Tamj, M.R. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering University Putra Malaysia Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University Malaya Malaysia Faculty of Engineering University Malaya Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)0780381734

Editing, reproduction and distribution of the digital multimedia are becoming extremely easier and faster with the existence of the internet and the availability of pervasive and powerful multimedia tools. However, these advances have their drawbacks as well, for example unauthorized tampering of images. Digital watermarking has emerged as a possible method to tackle these issues. A digital watermark is created by inserting a digital signal, or pattern within multimedia content. This embedded information can be used to determine whether the host data are being tampered with or not. This paper presents a review of watermarking where watermarking processes are described briefly and the appropriate properties for different applications are discussed. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Image watermarking

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