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IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design

作者： Cheng-Yuan Wang Yao-Wen Chang Yuan-Hao Chang Data Science Degree Program National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan

Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) Crossbars are a promising process-in-memory technology to reduce enormous data movement overheads of large-scale graph processing between computation and memory units. ReRAM cells can combine with crossbar arrays to effectively accelerate graph processing, and partitioning ReRAM crossbar arrays into Operation Units (OUs) can further improve computation accuracy of ReRAM crossbars. The operation unit utilization was not optimized in previous work, incurring extra cost. This paper proposes a two-stage algorithm with a crossbar OU-aware scheme for sparse graph index remapping for ReRAM (SGIRR) crossbars, mitigating the influence of graph sparsity. In particular, this paper is the first to consider the given operation unit size with the remapping index algorithm, optimizing the operation unit and power dissipation. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm reduces the utilization of crossbar OUs by 31.4%, improves the total OU block usage by 10.6%, and saves energy consumption by 17.2%, on average.

关键词： Energy consumption Visualization Resistive RAM Clustering algorithms Benchmark testing Power dissipation Indexes

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High Spatial Resolution Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tissues

High Spatial Resolution Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging of Mur...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Debamitra Chakraborty Bradley N. Mills Jing Cheng Ivan Komissarov Scott Gerber Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA

We developed a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system to generate high-resolution 2-dimensional images of paraffin-embedded murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues using the refractive index and absorption ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Absorption coefficient Biological imaging Refractive index Spatial resolution Terahertz spectroscopy Tissue

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computational models of astrocyte function at glutamatergic synapses

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lenk, Kerstin Denizot, Audrey Genocchi, Barbara Seppälä, Ippa Taheri, Marsa Nadkarni, Suhita Institute of Neural Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria BioTechMed Graz8010 Austria Theoretical Sciences Visiting Program Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Onna Japan Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Computational Neuroscience Unit Onna-Son Japan AIstroSight Inria Hospices Civils de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne France University of Lyon LIRIS UMR5205 Villeurbanne France Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku Turku Finland Department of Neurobiology University of California Los AngelesCA United States Department of Biology Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune India

At tripartite synapses, astrocytes are in close contact with neurons and contribute to various functions, from synaptic transmission, maintenance of ion homeostasis and glutamate uptake to metabolism. However, disentangling the precise contribution of astrocytes to those phenomena and the underlying biochemical mechanisms is remarkably challenging. This notably results from their highly ramified morphology, the nanoscopic size of the majority of astrocyte processes, and the poorly understood information encoded by their spatiotemporally diverse calcium signals. This book chapter presents selected computational models of the involvement of astrocytes in glutamatergic transmission. The goal of this chapter is to present representative models of astrocyte function in conjunction with the biological questions they can investigate. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Calcium

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DiffusionRet: Generative Text-Video Retrieval with Diffusion Model

DiffusionRet: Generative Text-Video Retrieval with Diffusion...

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International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Peng Jin Hao Li Zesen Cheng Kehan Li Xiangyang Ji Chang Liu Li Yuan Jie Chen School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China AI for Science (AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China Department of Automation and BNRist Tsinghua University Beijing China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

Existing text-video retrieval solutions are, in essence, discriminant models focused on maximizing the conditional likelihood, i.e., p(candidates|query). While straightforward, this de facto paradigm overlooks the underlying data distribution p(query), which makes it challenging to identify out-of-distribution data. To address this limitation, we creatively tackle this task from a generative viewpoint and model the correlation between the text and the video as their joint probability p(candidates,query). This is accomplished through a diffusion-based text-video retrieval framework (Diffusion-Ret), which models the retrieval task as a process of gradually generating joint distribution from noise. During training, DiffusionRet is optimized from both the generation and discrimination perspectives, with the generator being optimized by generation loss and the feature extractor trained with contrastive loss. In this way, DiffusionRet cleverly leverages the strengths of both generative and discriminative methods. Extensive experiments on five commonly used text-video retrieval benchmarks, including MSRVTT, LSMDC, MSVD, ActivityNet Captions, and DiDeMo, with superior performances, justify the efficacy of our method. More encouragingly, without any modification, DiffusionRet even performs well in out-domain retrieval settings. We believe this work brings fundamental insights into the related fields. Code is available at https://***/jpthu17/DiffusionRet.

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Revisiting the Assessment of Magnetic Texture of Magnets: The Role of Coercivity

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Quispe, Luis T. Antunes, Leonardo F. Baldárrago-Alcántara, Apuniano A. Macedo, Wagner C. Rosa, Marcelo Augusto Rebelo, Querem H.F. Lopes, Leonardo U. Souza, Sérgio Michielon Wendhausen, Paulo Antônio Pereira Magnetic Materials Laboratory MAGMA Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis88040-900 Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering PGMAT Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis88040-900 Brazil Institute of Engineering and Geosciences Federal University of Western Pará Pará Santarém68035-110 Brazil Department of Materials Physics Federal University of Manaus Manaus69077-000 Brazil

A crucial figure of merit of magnets is their magnetic texture, because it is closely related to the maximum remanence a magnet can achieve, hence assessing the magnetic texture is pivotal in terms of magnet’s performance. Fernengel et al. (1996) developed a methodology based on magnetometry, which allows for a quick determination of the texture by calculating the degree of alignment 〈cosθ〉 from the remanent magnetization in directions parallel and perpendicular to the texture axis of the magnet. Although this method provided reliable values, its application was limited to magnets with high degrees of alignment (〈cosθ〉 > 95%), a restriction that was corrected by Quispe et al. (2020). Nevertheless, recent experiments have indicated that the magnetometry technique can introduce errors in texture assessment when the magnet presents high levels of coercivity. This work presents an approach that incorporates a correction factor into the magnetometry technique, accounting for the effect of the coercivity and circumventing this error source in texture assessment. The proposed methodology has been successfully applied to magnets with varying levels of coercivity. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coercive force

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Spectroscopic and Interferometric Sum-Frequency Imaging of Strongly Coupled Phonon Polaritons in SiC Metasurfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Niemann, Richarda Mueller, Niclas S. Wasserroth, Sören Lu, Guanyu Wolf, Martin Caldwell, Joshua D. Paarmann, Alexander Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 Berlin14195 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Graduate Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

Phonon polaritons enable waveguiding and localization of infrared light with extreme confinement and low losses. The spatial propagation and spectral resonances of such polaritons are usually probed with complementary techniques such as near-field optical microscopy and far-field reflection spectroscopy. Here, we introduce infrared-visible sum-frequency spectro-microscopy as a tool for spectroscopic imaging of phonon polaritons. The technique simultaneously provides sub-wavelength spatial resolution and highly-resolved spectral resonance information. This is implemented by resonantly exciting polaritons using a tunable infrared laser and wide-field microscopic detection of the upconverted light. We employ this technique to image hybridization and strong coupling of localized and propagating surface phonon polaritons in metasurfaces of SiC micropillars. Spectro-microscopy allows us to measure the polariton dispersion simultaneously in momentum space by angle-dependent resonance imaging, and in real space by polariton interferometry. Notably, we directly visualize how strong coupling affects the spatial localization of polaritons, inaccessible with conventional spectroscopic techniques. We further observe the formation of edge states at excitation frequencies where strong coupling prevents polariton propagation into the metasurface. Our approach is applicable to the wide range of polaritonic materials with broken inversion symmetry and can be used as a fast and non-perturbative tool to image polariton hybridization and propagation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Polariton

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Picosecond optical-to-x-ray (Cd,Mg)Te radiation detectors

Picosecond optical-to-x-ray (Cd,Mg)Te radiation detectors

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： J. Cheng I. Komissarov G. Chen D. Chakraborty S. Kutcher H. Chen S. Trivedi Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Brimrose Technology Corp Sparks Maryland USA

We developed a dual optical/x-ray ultrafast photodetector based on in-house grown Cd 0.97 Mg 0.03 Te single crystals. The detector is characterized by ~200 ps full-width-at-half-maximum, readout-electronics limited p... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Femtosecond lasers Photodetectors Photon counting Pump probe spectroscopy Radiation detectors Ti:sapphire lasers

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Exploring Tourist Feedback on Riau Attractions Through Indonesian Language YouTube Opinion Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm

Exploring Tourist Feedback on Riau Attractions Through Indon...

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IEEE International Conference on Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, and Communications Technology (IAICT)

作者： Rahmad Kurniawan Iwan Iskandar Fitra Lestari Habibi Al Rasyid Harpizon Ilyas Husti Department of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Department of Informatics Engineering Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor Malaysia Graduate Program Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia

YouTube is a widely-used platform in Indonesia, with 93.8% of its users. As such, it presents a valuable opportunity for marketing tourist destinations, particularly in Riau province, which aims to become Indonesia’s top Halal travel destination. Tourism is a vital contributor to the economic growth of regions, and each province in Indonesia competes to promote its tourist attractions to attract more visitors every year. However, the large volume of data can challenge the manual analysis of feedback from YouTube’s features, such as likes, dislikes, and comments. A literature review suggests that the Naive Bayes algorithm, which uses machine learning, is helpful for sentiment analysis. Therefore, this study aims to analyze public sentiment toward tourist destinations in Riau province by analyzing YouTube comments using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The study used 1680 opinions collected from 10 YouTube videos showcasing tourist destinations in Riau. The Naive Bayes algorithm classified 60% of the comments as positive, 32% as neutral, and 8% as negative. The experimental results indicated an accuracy and precision of 73%, a recall of 94%, and an F-1 Score of 82%. The study used the word frequency technique to reveal that Riau could become a popular halal tourist destination based on several frequently occurring words in the comments.

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Integrated application of grafted ZnO and fungicide to control the fungicide-resistant Colletotrichum spp

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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2024年 155卷

作者： Chang, Tao-Ho Chen, Yi-Chi Lai, Yu-Fang Wu, Tzu-Chien Lai, Chian-Hui Hsueh, Han-Yu Chang, Pi-Fang Linda Program in Plant Health Care Academy of Circular Economy National Chung Hsing University Nantou540216 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402202 Taiwan Master Program for Plant Medicine and Good Agricultural Practice National Chung Hsing University Taichung402202 Taiwan Department of Material Science & Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402202 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402202 Taiwan Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung807378 Taiwan Department of Plant Pathology National Chung Hsing University 402202 Taiwan

Background: The Food and Agriculture Organization has reported approximately 40 % of food loss due to damage from plant pests and diseases, including fungal infections. Continuous application of agrichemicals for controlling fungal infection cause the occurrence of fungicide resistance. Colletotrichum spp., major causal agents for strawberry anthracnose, have gained concern for fungicide resistance issues. Methods: We developed novel antifungal strategies in the present study by integrating multibranched flower-like ZnO (fZnO) and agrochemicals (trifloxystrobin). fZnO compounds were synthesised using an eco-friendly and efficient hydrothermal method. Charged polymers with steric structures, such as hydrophilic polyacrylic acid (PAA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), were grafted onto fZnO surfaces to improve the suspension ability of the compounds. We used the grafted fZnO compounds in combination with the fungicide trifloxystrobin to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo activities. Significant findings: Grafted fZnO (80 ppm) and trifloxystrobin (100 ppm) effectively inhibited the growth of fungicide-resistant Colletotrichum spp. and limited strawberry anthracnose on leaves. PEI-grafted fZnO shows promise as an eco-friendly additive in sustainable agriculture due to its photocatalytic activity and ability to withstand environmental factors. © 2023

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Braiding fractional quantum Hall quasiholes on a superconducting quantum processor

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Physical Review B 2023年第6期108卷 064303-064303页

作者： Ammar Kirmani Derek S. Wang Pouyan Ghaemi Armin Rahmani Physics Department City College of the City University of New York New York 10031 USA IBM Quantum IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights 10598 USA Physics Program Graduate Center of City University of New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Center Western Washington University Bellingham Washington 98225 USA

Direct experimental detection of anyonic exchange statistics in fractional quantum Hall systems by braiding the excitations and measuring the wave-function phase is an enormous challenge. Here, we use a small, noisy quantum computer to emulate direct braiding within the framework of a simplified model applicable to a thin cylinder geometry and measure the topological phase. Our algorithm first prepares the ground state with two quasiholes. It then applies a unitary operation controlled by an ancilla, corresponding to a sequence of adiabatic evolutions that take one quasihole around the other. We finally extract the phase of the wave function from measuring the ancilla with a compound error mitigation strategy. Our results point out an avenue for studying braiding statistics in fractional Hall states.

关键词： Anyons Fractional quantum Hall effect Quantum algorithms Superconducting devices

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