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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Rui Xu Tong Lin Jiaming Luo Xiaotong Chen Elizabeth R. Blackert Alyssa R. Moon Khalil M. JeBailey Hanyu Zhu Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering Rice University Houston U.S.A. Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University Houston U.S.A. Nanotechnology Research Experience for Undergraduates (Nano REU) Program Rice University Houston U.S.A.

We report the experimental demonstration of surface phonon-polaritonic devices in a broad spectral range of 7-13 THz based on SrTiO 3 . We designed planar ultrafast concentrators that amplifies transient electric fiel... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Concentrators Electric fields Fast Fourier transforms Field enhancement Fused silica Second harmonic generation

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Mechanism of skyrmion condensation and pairing for twisted bilayer graphene

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Physical Review B 2022年第18期105卷 184505-184505页

作者： Dian Jing Alexander Conkey Tyner Pallab Goswami Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Integrated Science Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

When quantum flavor Hall insulator phases of itinerant fermions are disordered by strong quantum fluctuations, the condensation of skyrmion textures of order parameter fields can lead to superconductivity. In this work, we address the mechanism of skyrmion condensation by considering the scattering between (2+1)-dimensional Weyl fermions and hedgehog-type tunneling configurations of order parameters that violate the skyrmion-number conservation law. We show the quantized, flavor Hall conductivity (σxyf) controls the degeneracy of topologically protected, fermion zero-modes, localized on hedgehogs. The overlap between zero-mode eigenfunctions or 't Hooft vertex is shown to control the nature of the paired states. Employing this formalism for the N=2 model of twisted bilayer graphene, we describe the competition among flavor Hall orders, charge 4e− superconductivity, and various charge 2e− paired states in BCS and paired-density-wave channels. At charge neutrality, we show that the competition between flavor Hall insulators and charge 2e− states can be captured by SO(9) nonlinear sigma models. If the topological pairing mechanism can dominate over the conventional pairing mechanism, our work predicts the flavor-symmetry-preserving charge 4e− superconductivity as a natural candidate for the paired state in the vicinity of the charge neutral point.

关键词： FFLO Multiband superconductivity Pairing mechanisms Superconducting order parameter Superconductivity Topological insulators Topological phase transition Topological phases of matter Topological superconductors

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ECG signals-based security and steganography approaches in WBANs: A comprehensive survey and taxonomy

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Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems 2024年 41卷

作者： Masdari, Mohammad Band, Shahab S. Qasem, Sultan Noman Sayed, Biju Theruvil Pai, Hao-Ting Department of Computer Engineering Urmia Branch Islamic Azad University Urmia Iran Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Taiwan Department of Information Management International Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Taiwan Riyadh11432 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Applied Science Taiz University Taiz6803 Yemen Department of Computer Science Dhofar University PO Box 2509 SalalahPCode 211 Oman Bachelor Program of Big Data Applications in Business National Pingtung University Pingtung Taiwan

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are integral components of e-healthcare systems, responsible for monitoring patients' physiological states through intelligent implantable or wearable sensor nodes. These nodes collect medical data, which is then transmitted to remote healthcare facilities for thorough evaluation. Securing medical data within WBANs is paramount due to its central role in preserving patient privacy and confidentiality. Notably, Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have recently gained prominence as pivotal elements within diverse security frameworks. Incorporating ECG signals strategically enhances the security and reliability of WBANs and broader e-healthcare systems, instilling greater trustworthiness. This survey article provides an in-depth exploration of contemporary ECG-based security schemes, adding to the scholarly discourse. The imperative to categorize these security paradigms revolves around their use of ECG signals. This categorization identifies three key domains: the first involves schemes that utilize ECG signals for cryptographic operations, encompassing key generation, agreement, management, and authentication. The second category employs steganography-based techniques, using ECG signals to conceal patients' sensitive medical data. The third category focuses on enhancing ECG signal security during data transmission. Each category is meticulously elaborated, detailing architectural foundations, notable contributions, and intrinsic security services. Furthermore, each section presents a comprehensive overview of the attributes characterizing ECG-based security frameworks. This includes insights into employed datasets, simulation environments, evaluation metrics, and inherent advantages and limitations. Expanding on this, a thorough analysis of distinctive attributes underpinning these security frameworks concludes by shedding light on potential directions for future research. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Authentication

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Insights into the binding interactions of Macitentan to bovine serum Albumin: A Spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational study

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 429卷

作者： Sadak, Selenay Dindar, Çiğdem Kanbeş Kabir, Md.Zahirul Rehman, Fazal Mohamad, Saharuddin B. Yildirim, Sercan Uslu, Bengi Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Analytical Chemistry Ankara06560 Turkey Ankara University The Graduate School of Health Sciences Ankara06110 Turkey Biochemistry Program Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Science Bioinformatics Programme Institute of Biological Sciences Malaysia Centre of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics for Biology Bioindustry Environment Agriculture and Healthcare University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Analytical Chemistry Trabzon Turkey

Macitentan (MACI) is an endothelial receptor antagonist used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of MACI are significantly influenced by its interaction with plasma proteins, especially bovine serum albumin (BSA). In this study, spectroscopic (fluorescence and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy), electrochemical, and computational techniques were applied to explore the binding properties and interaction mechanisms between MACI and BSA. The results indicated that the MACI quenched BSA fluorescence through a static mechanism. The interaction possessed a moderate binding affinity with Ka values ranging from 1.27 × 104 to 7.25 × 104 M−1 at different temperatures. Hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds were identified as critical factors in stabilizing the complex based on thermodynamic parameters. The local environment of tryptophan residues in BSA was found to be altered following the addition of MACI, as revealed by synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectra. The spectroscopic studies were supported by electrochemical analyses, which indicated the formation of an electro-inactive complex between MACI and BSA. From the molecular docking experiments, the most likely binding site for MACI was found to be site I of BSA. Several hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts were observed during the interaction of MACI with site I of BSA. These findings provided detailed insight to understand the binding properties of MACI to BSA, which may be beneficial for medical and pharmaceutical applications in the future. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Hydrogen bonds

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The Fluorescent Effect of Chitosan Magnetitic Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared Imaging 3

The Fluorescent Effect of Chitosan Magnetitic Nanoparticles ...

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3rd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging sciences Conference, NILES 2021

作者： Abuelmakarem, Hala S. Ahmed, Wafaa A. Mofed, Dina Wael, Mohammed Sami, Sherif A. The Higher Institute of Engineering Elshrouk Academy Biomedical and Systems Engineering Department Egypt Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit National Cancer Institute Cairo University Cancer Biology Department Giza Egypt Cairo University Zoology graduate program Department of zoology Faculty of science Giza Egypt Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering and Systems Giza Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421577

Early cancer detection increases the healing rate according to the cancer stage. Nanotechnology is an advanced technique in cancer management due to the permeability and retention effect. Nano contrast agents are chief in early cancer detection because they diffuse in the cancerous tissue due to permeability and retention. This study aims to synthesize Chitosan Magnetic Nanoparticles (CM NPS) to evaluate them as a contrast agent for cells imaging, in vitro, under near-infrared irradiation. CM NPs were synthesized using the wetted chemical method. They were characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering, High-resolution Transmission Electronic Microscopy (HR- TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shining effect of the CM NPs was evaluated under the inverted microscopy over through a human lung epithelial cell culture in vitro. The characterization results ensured the successful synthesis of CM NPs. The photomicrographs appeared shining light of CM NPs on the cells photographed under the inverted microscope. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Chitosan

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Mechanical plasticity of cell membranes enhances epithelial wound closure

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Physical Review Research 2024年第1期6卷 L012036-L012036页

作者： Andrew T. Ton Arthur K. MacKeith Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

During epithelial wound healing, cell morphology near the healed wound and the healing rate vary strongly among different developmental stages even for a single species like Drosophila. We develop deformable particle (DP) model simulations to understand how variations in cell mechanics give rise to distinct wound closure phenotypes in the Drosophila embryonic ectoderm and larval wing disc epithelium. We find that plastic deformation of the cell membrane can generate large changes in cell shape consistent with wound closure in the embryonic ectoderm. Our results show that the embryonic ectoderm is best described by cell membranes with an elasto-plastic response, whereas the larval wing disc is best described by cell membranes with an exclusively elastic response. By varying the mechanical response of cell membranes in DP simulations, we recapitulate the wound closure behavior of both the embryonic ectoderm and the larval wing disc.

关键词： Cell mechanics Jamming Cell membrane Epithelial cells

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Optimal Multitask Linear Regression and Contextual Bandits under Sparse Heterogeneity

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Huang, Xinmeng Xu, Kan Lee, Donghwan Hassani, Hamed Bastani, Hamsa Dobriban, Edgar Graduate Group in Applied Math and Computational Science Univ. of Pennsylvania United States Department of Information Systems Arizona State University United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Univ. of Pennsylvania United States Department of Operations Information and Decisions Univ. of Pennsylvania United States Department of Statistics and Data Science Univ. of Pennsylvania United States

Large and complex datasets are often collected from several, possibly heterogeneous sources. Multitask learning methods improve efficiency by leveraging commonalities across datasets while accounting for possible differences among them. Here, we study multitask linear regression and contextual bandits under sparse heterogeneity, where the source/task-associated parameters are equal to a global parameter plus a sparse task-specific term. We propose a novel two-stage estimator called MOLAR that leverages this structure by first constructing a covariate-wise weighted median of the task-wise linear regression estimates and then shrinking the task-wise estimates towards the weighted median. Compared to task-wise least squares estimates, MOLAR improves the dependence of the estimation error on the data dimension. Extensions of MOLAR to generalized linear models and constructing confidence intervals are discussed in the paper. We then apply MOLAR to develop methods for sparsely heterogeneous multitask contextual bandits, obtaining improved regret guarantees over single-task bandit methods. We further show that our methods are minimax optimal by providing a number of lower bounds. Finally, we support the efficiency of our methods by performing experiments on both synthetic data and the PISA dataset on student educational outcomes from heterogeneous countries. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large datasets

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Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using a Deep Learning Approach

Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using ...

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International Symposium on Applied science 2024, ISAS 2024

作者： Raza, Aquib Ching, Congo Tak Shing Liu, Peng-Ta Phan, Thien-Luan Tran, Ngoc-Luan Nguyen, Ha Anh T. Rameez, Mohammad Li, Hung-Chung Linh, Dao Nguyen Phuong Van Hieu, Nguyen Tran, Trung Nghia National Taiwan University Taipei City10673 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Academia Sinica Taipei City11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou County Taiwan Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan International Doctoral Program in Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Fall Prevention Center Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua500 Taiwan Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering University of Science Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of York York HeslingtonYO10 5DD United Kingdom Undergraduate Program of Intellectual Creativity Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Ho Chi Minh City72409 Viet Nam HCMUT Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh City71308 Viet Nam

This research introduces a deep learning framework that combines convolutional neural networks with autoencoders to improve the diagnostic accuracy of knee osteoarthritis. The study utilized a publicly available dataset from the Mendeley Data repository, where knee joint images were preprocessed using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization to enhance contrast and ensure consistent image sizing. Initially, an autoencoder was employed in an unsupervised manner to learn compressed representations of the data. These representations were then used to train a CNN to classify knee images into 'healthy' and 'osteoarthritic' categories. The model was trained using an 80:20 split for training and testing data, incorporating early stopping and data augmentation techniques to prevent overfitting and enhance generalization. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROCAUC) were used to evaluate the model, resulting in a high test accuracy of 98.95%. The high precision and recall rates further confirmed the model's robustness in diagnosing KOA. To enhance interpretability, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to identify critical regions in the images that influenced the model's decisions. Additionally, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the high-dimensional encoded features in a two-dimensional space, providing deeper insights into how the model differentiates between classes. The promising results of this deep learning approach suggest its potential for broader applications in medical imaging diagnostics. By providing healthcare professionals with a tool that enhances diagnostic accuracy and operational efficiency, this framework lays the foundation for developing scalable, AI-driven diagnostic systems for various complex medical conditions. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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Formability of Third Generation Advanced High Strength Steel: Experimental and Theoretical Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Butuc, Marilena C. Vincze, Gabriela Santos, Rafael Pereira, António Santos, Abel D. Amaral, Rui L. Barlat, Frederic Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Aveiro Portugal LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal Graduate Program in Metallurgical Engineering Universidade Federal Fluminense Rio de Janeiro Volta Redonda Brazil Faculty of Engineering University of Porto R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n Porto4200-465 Portugal INEGI – Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Portugal Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology Korea Republic of

The aim of this paper is to evaluate, predict and analyze the plastic properties and formability of third-generation advanced high-strength steel (3genAHSS), with a specific focus on USS CR980XG3™️ AHSS as the reference material. Forming limit diagrams were determined, utilizing a range of experimental methods, including Nakajima tests, Erichsen tests, uniaxial tensile tests, and the Bulge test. A pivotal aspect is the application of an advanced sheet metal forming limit model based on Marciniak-Kuczynski analysis to simulate localized necking onset. Various constitutive equations, such as von Mises, Hill 48, and Yld2000-2d yield conditions, were used in simulation, alongside strain hardening laws like Swift and Voce. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the accuracy of different models in predicting forming limits, with a particular emphasis on the influence of strain rate sensitivity. The study underscores the significant impact of the experimental method on forming limit values, highlighting that Yld2000-2d and the Swift hardening law with strain rate sensitivity provide optimal reproducibility of experimental data. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the necessity of considering strain rate sensitivity for accurate numerical simulations, stressing the effectiveness of the Marciniak-Kuczynski model when combined with proper constitutive equations in predicting forming limits for USS CR980XG3™️ AHSS. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Strain hardening

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Claw coloration in the fiddler crab Leptuca uruguayensis has no correlation with male quality

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Current Zoology 2025年第1期71卷 109-123页

作者： Zackary A.Graham Jonatas de Jesus Florentino Samuel P.Smithers Joao C.T.Menezes Jose Eduardo de Carvalho Alexandre V.Palaoro Department of Organismal Biology Ecologyand Zoo ScienceWest Liberty University208 University DriveWest LibertyWV 26074USA Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ecologia Universidade de São PauloRua do Mataon 321Trav.14ButantãDistrictSao PauloSP 05508-090Brazil Department of Psychology Northeastern University360 Huntington AvenueBostonMA 02115USA Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst230 Stockbridge RoadAmherstMA 01003USA Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva Universidade Federal de Sao PauloRua Sao Nicolaun 210Centro DistrictDiademaSP 09972-270Brazil Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University515 Calhoun DrClemsonSC 29634USA Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do ParanáAvenida Coronel Francisco H.dos Santosn 100Jardim das Américas DistrictCuritibaPR 82590-300Brazil

Sexual selection is thought to play a major role in the evolution of color due to the correlation between a signaler’s physiological state and the displayed *** such,researchers often investigate how color correlates to the quality of the ***,research on the relationship between color and individual quality is often taxonomically limited and researchers typically investigate how color phenotypes relate to one index of quality,such as a linear measure of body ***,we investigated the relationship among body size,claw size,claw muscle mass,lipid content,and the color of the claw in male fiddler crabs(Leptuca uruguayensis)which wield an exaggerated claw that varies in color from brown to *** hypothesized that if the color was correlated to one or more indices of male quality,the color displayed on the claws of male *** could be under sexual *** found *** claw color varies substantially among the individuals we ***,we did not find a correlation between claw color and indices of quality;neither brightness nor hue correlated to the indices of quality we *** findings suggest that claw color in *** is unlikely to have evolved to signal quality,but may instead function as a species identity or as a non-indicator sexual signal.

关键词： animal coloration animal communication animal signals Decapoda non-indicator sexual signal sexual selection

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