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Accelerating local SGD for non-IID data using variance reduction

Frontiers of computer Science 2023年第2期17卷 73-89页

作者： Xianfeng LIANG Shuheng SHEN Enhong CHEN Jinchang LIU Qi LIU Yifei CHENG Zhen PAN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Ant Financial Services Group Hangzhou 310000China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

Distributed stochastic gradient descent and its variants have been widely adopted in the training of machine learning models,which apply multiple workers in *** them,local-based algorithms,including Local SGD and FedAvg,have gained much attention due to their superior properties,such as low communication cost and ***,when the data distribution on workers is non-identical,local-based algorithms would encounter a significant degradation in the convergence *** this paper,we propose Variance Reduced Local SGD(VRL-SGD)to deal with the heterogeneous *** extra communication cost,VRL-SGD can reduce the gradient variance among workers caused by the heterogeneous data,and thus it prevents local-based algorithms from slow convergence ***,we present VRL-SGD-W with an effectivewarm-up mechanism for the scenarios,where the data among workers are quite *** from eliminating the impact of such heterogeneous data,we theoretically prove that VRL-SGD achieves a linear iteration speedup with lower communication complexity even if workers access non-identical *** conduct experiments on three machine learning *** experimental results demonstrate that VRL-SGD performs impressively better than Local SGD for the heterogeneous data and VRL-SGD-W is much robust under high data variance among workers.

关键词： distributed optimization variance reduction local SGD federated learning non-IID data

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Implicit interpolation of time vector series

Implicit interpolation of time vector series

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2011 7th International Conference on Natural Computation, ICNC 2011

作者： Li, Dao-Lun Zha, Wen-Shu Lu, De-Tang Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China China Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication of Anhui Province University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424499533

Time vector series abound in many fields, which are different from time series. Based on mapping and implicit function interpolation, the method of implicit interpolation over time vector series is developed and studied. Time vector series are mapped into a sequence of closed curves or surfaces, which are seen as the interpolation data set. Based on the interpolation data set, the implicit interpolation function is constructed and from which an isoline is drawn. The inverse mapping of the isoline is the prediction of vector series at the new time. Based on the well logging data an application is given to predict the unknown isotope logging data of year 2004 with the known data of year 2003 and 2005 which shows the performance of the method. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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Double-Blockchain Assisted Secure and Anonymous Data Aggregation for Fog-Enabled Smart Grid

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 159-169页

作者： Siguang Chen Li Yang Chuanxin Zhao Vijayakumar Varadarajan Kun Wang Jiangsu Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Communication and Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

As a future energy system,the smart grid is designed to improve the efficiency of traditional power systems while providing more stable and reliable ***,this efficient and reliable service relies on collecting and analyzing users’electricity consumption data frequently,which induces various security and privacy *** address these challenges,we propose a double-blockchain assisted secure and anonymous data aggregation scheme for fog-enabled smart grid named ***,we design a three-tier architecture-based data aggregation framework by integrating fog computing and the blockchain,which provides strong support for achieving efficient and secure data collection in smart ***,we develop a secure and anonymous data aggregation mechanism with low computational overhead by jointly leveraging the Paillier encryption,batch aggregation signature and anonymous *** particular,the system achieves fine-grained data aggregation and provides effective support for power dispatching and price adjustment by the designed double-blockchain and two-level data ***,the superiority of the proposed scheme is illustrated by a series of security and computation cost analyses.

关键词： Blockchain Fog computing Homomorphic encryption Smart grid Anonymity

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Test Case Generation Based on Program Invariant and Adaptive Random Algorithm

Test Case Generation Based on Program Invariant and Adaptive...

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Advances in Information Technology and Education

作者： Yuan Yuan Zeng Fanping Zhu Guanmiao Deng Chaoqiang Xiong Neng Department of Computer University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Province Key Lab of Software in Computing and Communication

Testing is a critical activity to find software errors. And choosing an effective test suite is the key problem in software testing area. Program invariant, as an attribute of program, can record the implementation state of test case very well and reveal the coverage of program data. In this paper, we integrate adaptive random testing and invariant technology, and present a new method which makes full use of the feedback information of program invariant and invalid case suite to generate the next case. Experiment results show that, compared with other similar methods, running for the same time, our method can achieve higher coverage and faster convergence speed.

关键词： Random testing Program invariant Adaptive random algorithm Test case generation

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Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Cybersecurity: A Systematic Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tian, Shuang Zhang, Tao Liu, Jiqiang Wang, Jiacheng Wu, Xuangou Zhu, Xiaoqiang Zhang, Ruichen Zhang, Weiting Yuan, Zhenhui Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore School of Computer Science and Technology An hui Province Key Laboratory of Digital Twin Technology in Metallurgical Industry Anhui University of Technology Anhui243002 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Engineering University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

—With the rapid development of technology and the acceleration of digitalisation, the frequency and complexity of cyber security threats are increasing. Traditional cybersecurity approaches, often based on static rules and predefined scenarios, are struggling to adapt to the rapidly evolving nature of modern cyberattacks. There is an urgent need for more adaptive and intelligent defence strategies. The emergence of Large Language Model (LLM) provides an innovative solution to cope with the increasingly severe cyber threats, and its potential in analysing complex attack patterns, predicting threats and assisting real-time response has attracted a lot of attention in the field of cybersecurity, and exploring how to effectively use LLM to defend against cyberattacks has become a hot topic in the current research field. This survey examines the applications of LLM from the perspective of the cyber attack lifecycle, focusing on the three phases of defense reconnaissance, foothold establishment, and lateral movement, and it analyzes the potential of LLMs in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) tasks. Meanwhile, we investigate how LLM-based security solutions are deployed and applied in different network scenarios. It also summarizes the internal and external risk issues faced by LLM during its application. Finally, this survey also points out the facing risk issues and possible future research directions in this domain. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Study on Parallel Computing

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Journal of computer Science & Technology 2006年第5期21卷 665-673页

作者：陈国良孙广中张云泉莫则尧 Anhui Province-MOST Key Co-Lab of High Performance Computing and Its Applications Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 P.R. China Laboratory of Parallel Computing Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 P.R. China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 P.R. China

In this paper, we present a general survey on parallel computing. The main contents include parallel computer system which is the hardware platform of parallel computing, parallel algorithm which is the theoretical base of parallel computing, parallel programming which is the software support of parallel computing. After that, we also introduce some parallel applications and enabling technologies. We argue that parallel computing research should form an integrated methodology of ＂architecture algorithm programming application＂. Only in this way, parallel computing research becomes continuous development and more realistic.

关键词： parallel computing parallel architecture parallel programming parallel algorithm parallel application

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A qualitative modeling and simulation method based on cloud model

A qualitative modeling and simulation method based on cloud ...

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2013 5th International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Applied Optimization, ICMSAO 2013

作者： Shao, Chenxi Sun, Kelu Zhenzhong, Shao Computer Science and Technology Dept. University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication Hefei 230027 China Jianghuai Automobile Co. Ltd. Hefei 230022 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467358149

Qualitative simulation is effective methods processing incomplete knowledge, how to represent qualitative knowledge and reduce spurious behaviors is its research emphasis. Contraposing the limitations of existing methods representing qualitative knowledge and filtering spurious behaviors, an approach is proposed to qualitatively model and simulate on the basis of normal cloud model. In this research, the cloud numeric characteristics and cloud measurement are introduced into this approach;consequently, it can more accurately assess the qualitative knowledge, and expand the variables expression and quantity space;meanwhile, it is constructed the means of modeling and simulation by adopting more amply portraying the system status, more intuitively transforming status and more accurately filtering spurious behaviors. Furthermore, in simulation algorithm, cloud measurement indices are employed to significantly select the successor status which can not be determined by existing constraint means. The results of simulation example demonstrate that our approach effectively improves the ability to filter spurious behaviors, and it is a feasible method. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Opportunistic Dynamic Channel Allocation Based on Chain Store Game

Opportunistic Dynamic Channel Allocation Based on Chain Stor...

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International Conference on Wireless communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCom)

作者： Jinglong Li Ping Zhu Xufa Wang Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China

In adaptive secondary user channel allocation of cognitive radio, some users finish communication and release their channel as the time goes by, while some newcomers request channel resources to communicate. Thus, it is necessary to consider spectrum allocation process from the temporal perspective. In this paper, secondary users are modeled to a dynamic game similar to the chain store game, by which each user is able to achieve the equilibrium state adaptively without a central coordinator. We investigate the game through analyzing of correlated equilibria, which is computed easily and exhibits better results than Nash equilibria. We import some signal mechanisms based on time and sequence number that help users to achieve the correlated equilibria. The game algorithms based on correlated equilibrium are presented. The experimental results shows that our method have obvious superiorities to other allocation algorithms.

关键词： Channel allocation Cognitive radio Wireless sensor networks Laboratories computer science Nash equilibrium Databases Base stations Resource management Game theory

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Joint Sink Mobility and Data Diffusion for Lifetime Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Joint Sink Mobility and Data Diffusion for Lifetime Optimiza...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Services Computing (APSCC)

作者： Yu Gu Hengchang Liu Fei Song Baohua Zhao Department of Computer Science Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication University of Science and Technology Hefei Anhui China Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA

In this paper, we address the problem of lifetime optimization under storage constraint for wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink node. The problem is particularly challenging since we need to consider both mobility scheme and storage constraint. Previous works suggest to use a simple single-hop routing model in which source nodes can only communication with the sink node directly in those mobile networks. However, we notice that this statement is unsuitable for sensor networks with storage constraint because we prove it is a NP-complete problem under single-hop routing model by reducing the traveling salesman problem (TSP) to it in polynomial time. Hence, we try a different way. First we analyze this problem and give a lifetime upperbound, so whether this upperbound is tight is what we concern mostly. Thus, we first construct a 2-approximation O(n 2 ) algorithm to solve the TSP problem, then a novel data diffusion mechanism is built to achieve this upperbound. We prove that under some reasonable assumptions, our algorithm can output this optimal lifetime.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Routing computer networks Constraint optimization computer science Mobile communication NP-complete problem Traveling salesman problems Polynomials Monitoring

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AN APPROACH BASED ON TSA-TREE FOR ACCURATE TIME SERIES CLASSIFICATION

AN APPROACH BASED ON TSA-TREE FOR ACCURATE TIME SERIES CLASS...

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2012 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Intelligence Systems

作者： Xiaoxu He Chenxi Shao School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Software in Computing and Communication

In order to improve the performance of time series classification, we introduce a new approach of time series classification. The first step of the approach is to design a feature exaction model based on Trend and Surprise Abstraction tree （TSA-tree）. The second step of the approach is to combine the exacted global feature and 1 nearest neighbor to classify time series. The proposed approach is compared with a number of known classifiers by experiments in artificial and real-world data sets. The experimental results show it can reduce the error rates of time series classification, so it is highly competitive with previous approaches.

关键词： Feature exaction dimension reduction classification TSA-tree

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