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Environmentally data-driven smart sustainable cities: applied innovative solutions for energy efficiency, pollution reduction, and urban metabolism

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Energy Informatics 2020年第1期3卷 1-59页

作者： Bibri, Simon Elias Krogstie, John Department of Computer Science The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Sem Saelands veie 9 TrondheimNO–7491 Norway Department of Architecture and Planning The Norwegian University of Science and Technology Alfred Getz vei 3 Sentralbygg 1 5th floor TrondheimNO–7491 Norway

The IoT and big data technologies have become essential to the functioning of both smart cities and sustainable cities, and thus, urban operational functioning and planning are becoming highly responsive to a form of data-driven urbanism. This offers the prospect of building models of smart sustainable cities functioning in real time from routinely sensed data. This in turn allows to monitor, understand, analyze, and plan such cities to improve their energy efficiency and environmental health in real time thanks to new urban intelligence functions as an advanced form of decision support. However, prior studies tend to deal largely with data-driven technologies and solutions in the realm of smart cities, mostly in relation to economic and social aspects, leaving important questions involving the underlying substantive and synergistic effects on environmental sustainability barely explored to date. These issues also apply to sustainable cities, especially eco-cities. Therefore, this paper investigates the potential and role of data-driven smart solutions in improving and advancing environmental sustainability in the context of smart cities as well as sustainable cities, under what can be labeled "environmentally data-driven smart sustainable cities." To illuminate this emerging urban phenomenon, a descriptive/illustrative case study is adopted as a qualitative research methodology§ to examine and compare Stockholm and Barcelona as the ecologically and technologically leading cities in Europe respectively. The results show that smart grids, smart meters, smart buildings, smart environmental monitoring, and smart urban metabolism are the main data-driven smart solutions applied for improving and advancing environmental sustainability in both eco-cities and smart cities. There is a clear synergy between such solutions in terms of their interaction or cooperation to produce combined effects greater than the sum of their separate effects—with respect to the environment. Th

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Modelling Brain Connectivity Networks by Graph Embedding for Dyslexia Diagnosis 1st

Modelling Brain Connectivity Networks by Graph Embedding for...

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1st International Conference on Bioengineering and Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, BIOMESIP 2021

作者： Formoso, Marco A. Ortiz, Andrés Martínez-Murcia, Francisco J. Gallego-Molina, Nicolás Luque, Juan L. Escobar, Juan J. Montoya, Francisco G. Department of Communications Engineering University of Málaga Malaga Spain Department of Signal Theory Telematic and Communications University of Granada Granada Spain Granada Spain Department of Developmental Psychology University of Málaga Malaga Spain Department of Computer Architecture And Technology CITIC University Of Granada Granada Spain Department of Engineering University of Almeria Almeria Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881627

Several methods have been developed to extract information from electroencephalograms (EEG). One of them is Phase-Amplitude Coupling (PAC) which is a type of Cross-Frequency Coupling (CFC) method, consisting in measure the synchronization of phase and amplitude for the different EEG bands and electrodes. This provides information regarding brain areas that are synchronously activated, and eventually, a marker of functional connectivity between these areas. In this work, intra and inter electrode PAC is computed obtaining the relationship among different electrodes used in EEG. The connectivity information is then treated as a graph in which the different nodes are the electrodes and the edges PAC values between them. These structures are embedded to create a feature vector that can be further used to classify multichannel EEG samples. The proposed method has been applied to classified EEG samples acquired using specific auditory stimuli in a task designed for dyslexia disorder diagnosis in seven years old children EEG’s. The proposed method provides AUC values up to 0.73 and allows selecting the most discriminant electrodes and EEG bands. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Electrodes

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Enhancing Local Feature Learning for 3D Point Cloud Processing using Unary-Pairwise Attention

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xiu, Haoyi Liu, Xin Wang, Weimin Kim, Kyoung-Sook Shinohara, Takayuki Chang, Qiong Matsuoka, Masashi Department of Architecture and Building Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Artificial Intelligence Research Center AIST Tokyo Japan DUT-RU International School of Information Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

We present a simple but effective attention named the unary-pairwise attention (UPA) for modeling the relationship between 3D point clouds. Our idea is motivated by the analysis that the standard self-attention (SA) that operates globally tends to produce almost the same attention maps for different query positions, revealing difficulties for learning query-independent and query-dependent information jointly. Therefore, we reformulate the SA and propose query-independent (Unary) and query-dependent (Pairwise) components to facilitate the learning of both terms. In contrast to the SA, the UPA ensures query dependence via operating locally. Extensive experiments show that the UPA outperforms the SA consistently on various point cloud understanding tasks including shape classification, part segmentation, and scene segmentation. Moreover, simply equipping the popular PointNet++ method with the UPA even outperforms or is on par with the state-of-the-art attention-based approaches. In addition, the UPA systematically boosts the performance of both standard and modern networks when it is integrated into them as a compositional module. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Chatbots and messaging platforms in the classroom: An analysis from the teacher's perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Merelo, Juan J. Castillo, Pedro A. Mora, Antonio M. Barranco, Francisco Abbas, Noorhan Guillén, Alberto Tsivitanidou, Olia Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Signal Theory Telematics and Communications University of Granada Granada Spain School of Computing University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom CYENS Nicosia Cyprus

Introducing new technologies such as messaging platforms, and the chatbots attached to them, in higher education, is rapidly growing. This introduction entails a careful consideration of the potential opportunities and/or challenges of adopting these tools. Hence, a thorough examination of the teachers' experiences in this discipline can shed light on the effective ways of enhancing students' learning and boosting their progress. In this contribution, we have surveyed the opinions of tertiary education teachers based in Spain (mainly) and Spanish-speaking countries. The focus of these surveys is to collect teachers' feedback about their opinions regarding the introduction of the messaging platforms and chatbots in their classes, understand their needs and to gather information about the various educational use cases where these tools are valuable. In addition, an analysis of how and when teachers' opinions towards the use of these tools can vary across gender, experience, and their discipline of specialisation is presented. The key findings of this study highlight the factors that can contribute to the advancement of the adoption of messaging platforms and chatbots in higher education institutions to achieve the desired learning outcomes. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Botnet

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Dynamic Programming-Based Optimal Charging Scheduling for Electric Vehicles

Dynamic Programming-Based Optimal Charging Scheduling for El...

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IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Engineering (ICITE)

作者： Kuan Li Ying Zhang Chenglie Du Tao You Lu Bai Jiaming Wu School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden

The charging scheduling of electric vehicles not only affects the operation of the grid system, but also affects the charging cost of vehicle users. This paper studies the charging scheduling problem of electric vehicles from the user’s perspective by considering the grid’s as well as the user’s needs. On the basis of real-time electricity prices, an electric vehicle charging scheduling system aiming at the lowest charging cost is designed and an optimal charging scheduling method based on dynamic programming is established. In order to reduce the unnecessary computational expenses, this paper optimizes the dynamic programming algorithm, and defines the state transition limit of the dynamic programming search space according to the actual constraints, which reduces the computational complexity. The simulation results show that, on the premise of satisfying the power constraints and user charging demands, the electric vehicles charging scheduling system can effectively reduce the charging cost and time. In addition, the charging process has little impact on the power system from the perspective of grid fluctuation.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Vehicle-to-grid Costs Fluctuations Processor scheduling Simulation Dynamic scheduling

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Grain Size Distribution Analysis of Landslide Dams Caused by Dynamic Accumulation of Weathered Rock Landslides Using Discrete Element Modelling 29th

Grain Size Distribution Analysis of Landslide Dams Caused by...

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29th International Conference on Computational and Experimental Engineering and Sciences, ICCES 2023

作者： Peng, Ming Zhao, Qingxi Shen, Danyi Zhu, Yan Zhao, Qingxin Zhou, Jiawen Cai, Shuo Key Laboratory of Geotechnical & Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Shanghai Research Center of Ocean & Shipbuilding Engineering China Shipbuilding NDRI Engineering Co. Ltd. Shanghai China State Key Laboratory Hydraulic & Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031425141

The differences in the structure and composition materials of landslide dams often lead to great dissimilarity in dam stability, which often depend on the dynamic accumulation process of landslide dam. In order to investigate the response of dynamic characteristics of landslide to the composition material distribution of landslide dams, the migration and accumulation process of rock slopes with two weathering degrees was simulated by bonded particles and micro-cracks based on discrete element modelling. A new reconstructed distribution identification method was proposed in this paper to quantify the grain size distribution of dam. The results showed that the composition materials of dam, formed by weakly weathered slope, was poorly sorted, with medium particles located in surface layer, coarse particles located in middle and fine particles located in bottom of the valley. The material composition of dam, formed by strongly weathered slope, was well sorted, which spatial distribution showed well reverse segregation structure. It was found that the differences in particle size distribution between two kinds of landslide dams were mainly manifested in fine particles and coarse particles. The kinetic disintegration in weakly weathered slope was weakened, due to the accumulation of force coupling below hard rock at substrate, which occurred because of the fragmentation of particles aside it. As a result, there are more coarse particles and fewer fine particles in grain size distribution of its accumulation dam. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the structure and materials distribution of landslide dams, and assists the prediction of the stability of landslide dams. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Particle size

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SSI meets Metaverse for Industry 4.0 and Beyond

SSI meets Metaverse for Industry 4.0 and Beyond

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Global Emerging technology Blockchain Forum: Blockchain & Beyond (iGETblockchain), IEEE

作者： Umit Cali Md Sadek Ferdous Enis Karaarslan Sri Nikhil Gupta Gourisetti Michael Mylrea Department of Electric Power Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Engineering Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Muğla Türkiye Department of Security Architecture National Resilience La Jolla CA USA

As the global industrial complex gears toward fulfilling the tenets of Industry 4.0 and beyond, technologies such as distributed ledger technologies, digital twins, and artificial intelligence become pivotal enablers. In the last decade, metaverse as a concept and technology found its place among crucial enablers for technology and digital advancement across several engineering domains. Metaverse has the potential to combine the elements from distributed computing platforms, the digital evolution of physical systems, and advanced learning systems to unearth a fully digitized world of comparative properties of the real world. We should ensure the privacy, integrity, and confidentiality of personal data. These requirements will lead to proper identity management in the metaverse. Given the complex nature of the metaverse, traditional centralized systems may not offer a viable identity management solution. Therefore, this study explores a decentralized identity management system called the Self-sovereign Identity (SSI) as a logical alternative to traditional centralized identity management systems. The proposed holistic framework aims to ignite new ideas and discussions related to the combined deployment of DLT (Distributed Ledger technology), SSI, and metaverse to inspire new implementation areas within the Industry 4.0 environment. The paper also discusses various opportunities, enablers, technical & privacy aspects, legislation requirements, and other barriers related to SSI implementation.

关键词： Privacy Metaverse Distributed ledger Shape Supply chains Transportation Market research

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SSI meets Metaverse for Industry 4.0 and Beyond

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Cali, Umit Ferdous, Md Sadek Karaarslan, Enis Gourisetti, Nikhil Gupta Mylrea, Michael Department of Electric Power Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Engineering Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Muğla Turkey Department of Security Architecture National Resilience La Jolla CA United States

As the global industrial complex gears toward fulfilling the tenets of Industry 4.0 and beyond, technologies such as distributed ledger technologies, digital twins, and artificial intelligence become pivotal enablers. In the last decade, metaverse as a concept and technology found its place among crucial enablers for technology and digital advancement across several engineering domains. Metaverse has the potential to combine the elements from distributed computing platforms, the digital evolution of physical systems, and advanced learning systems to unearth a fully digitized world of comparative properties of the real world. We should ensure the privacy, integrity, and confidentiality of personal data. These requirements will lead to proper identity management in the metaverse. Given the complex nature of the metaverse, traditional centralized systems may not offer a viable identity management solution. Therefore, this study explores a decentralized identity management system called the Self-sovereign Identity (SSI) as a logical alternative to traditional centralized identity management systems. The proposed holistic framework aims to ignite new ideas and discussions related to the combined deployment of DLT, SSI, and metaverse to inspire new implementation areas within the Industry 4.0 environment. The paper also discusses various opportunities, enablers, technical & privacy aspects, legislation requirements, and other barriers related to SSI implementation. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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Development and study of the impacts of automated walking aids on the elderly

Development and study of the impacts of automated walking ai...

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International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information technology, ECTI-CON

作者： Maleeya Tangjitjetsada Tawan Thianthong Chawalit Rakluea Wisit Loedhammacakra Paitoon Rakluea Nipont Tangthong Chatree Mahatthanajatuphat Nonchanutt Chudpooti Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi Nonthaburi Thailand Siam Airport Ground Services Co. Ltd Bangkok Thailand Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Industrial Physics and Medical Instrumentation Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

Since Thailand has now completely stepped into an aged society there are more than 20% of the population aged 60 years and over. There was also an increase in those who had problems with their balance. One of the main difficulties for these people is walking on their own. This paper presents an automatic walking aid for people with balance or walking problems. A specially designed automatic walking aid can be adjusted to six levels of height. It has an anti-collision warning system at a distance of up to 40 centimeters and displays GPS coordinates via SMS when falling. The experimental results of the prototype automatic walking aid showed that the walking aid could work as designed and could help people with balance problems walk more comfortably.

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Agent-Based Modeling for Identifying Water Conflicts in Farmer Water User Organizations: A Socio-Hydrological Approach 24

Agent-Based Modeling for Identifying Water Conflicts in Farm...

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27th ACM Conference on computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, CSCW Companion 2024

作者： Lillo Saavedra, Mario Velásquez, Pablo Salgado, Marcela García-Pedrero, Ángel Gonzalo-Martín, Consuelo Boumahdi, Meryeme Somos-Valenzuela, Marcelo Rivera, Diego Cisterna, Valentina Facultad Ingeniería Agrícola Universidad de Concepción Chillan Chile Facultad Ciencias Ambientales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile Department of Computer Architecture and Technology Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental University of La Frontera Temuco Chile Engineering Faculty Universidad del Desarrollo Santiago Chile Facultad de Arquitectura Urbanismo y Geografía Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9798400711145

Water conflicts in agricultural watersheds pose significant challenges for effective resource management. This study presents a novel approach to identifying potential water conflicts within water user organizations by integrating socio-hydrological data into an agent-based modeling tool, SHABM (Socio-Hydrological Agent-Based Model). The model simulates interactions between the Water Board, Canal Administrator, Farmers, and Crops, considering water distribution rates, crop water demands, farmer personalities, and irrigation infrastructure, among others. The study area is located in the Longaví River basin, Chile, and simulations were conducted from 2017 to 2022, considering various scenarios of canal lining and oversight levels. Results demonstrate the tool's ability to identify potential conflict areas and provide insights into the evolution of farmer decision-making. Integrating geospatial data, hydrological models, and social information proves crucial for achieving comprehensive water management and addressing complex water-related challenges in agricultural contexts. The SHABM tool has the potential to support decision-making processes and promote sustainable water governance in regions facing water scarcity and competing demands. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Canal linings

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