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IEEE Conference on computer Communications Workshops

作者： Yu Gu Yusheng Ji Jie Li Baohua Zhao Information Systems Architecture Science Research Division National Institute of Informatics Department of Computer Science University of Tsukuba State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702495

Sink Scheduling, in the form of scheduling multiple sinks among sink sites to leverage traffic burden, is an effective mechanism for the energy-efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the inherent difficulty (NP-hard in general), existing works on this topic mainly focus on heuristic/greedy algorithms and theoretic results remain unknown. In this paper, we fill in the research blank with two algorithms. The first one is based on the Column Generation (CG). It decomposes the original problem into two sub problems and solve them iteratively to approach the optimal solution. However, due to its high computational complexity, this algorithm is only suitable for small scale networks. The other one is a polynomial-time algorithm based on relaxation techniques to obtain an upperbound, which can serve as a performance benchmark for other algorithms on this problem. Through comprehensive simulations, we evaluate the efficiency of proposed algorithms.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Performance metrics Sinks Relaxation Techniques Energy efficiency original problem algorithms

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The optimization of parallel Smith-Waterman sequence alignment using on-chip memory of GPGPU

The optimization of parallel Smith-Waterman sequence alignme...

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2010 IEEE 5th International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications, BIC-TA 2010

作者： Zhang, Qian An, Hong Liu, Gu Han, Wenting Yao, Ping Xu, Mu Li, Xiaoqiang Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464388

Memory optimization is an important strategy to gain high performance for sequence alignment implemented by CUDA on GPGPU. Smith-Waterman (SW) algorithm is the most sensitive algorithm widely used for local sequence alignment but very time consuming. Although several parallel methods have been used in some studies and shown good performances, advantages of GPGPU memory hierarchy are still not fully exploited. This paper presents a new parallel method on GPGPU using on-chip memory more efficiently to optimize parallel Smith-Waterman sequence alignment presented by Gregory M. Striemer. To minimize the cost of data transfers, on-chip shared memory is used to store intermediate results. Constant memory is also used effectively in our implementation of parallel Smith-Waterman algorithm. Using these two kinds of on-chip memory decreases long latency memory access operations, and reduces demand for global memory when aligning longer sequences. The experimental results show 1.66× to 3.16× speedup over Gregory's parallel SW on GPGPU in terms of execution time and 19.70× speedup on average and 22.43× speedup peak performance over serial SW in terms of clock cycles on our computer platform. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Data transfer

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A filtered tuning method for a GPC controller

A filtered tuning method for a GPC controller

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IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference, ISSC 2010

作者： Schwarz, M.H. Cox, C.S. Börcsök, J. Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Safety Computer Technology University of Kassel Kassel Germany Control Systems Centre University of Sunderland Sunderland United Kingdom Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781849192521

This paper presents a new tuning method based on model parameters identified in closed-loop. For classical controllers such as PI(D) controllers a large number of simple tuning methods for various application areas exist. However, when it comes to designing a generalised predictive controller (GPC) four parameters have to be specified. To choose those parameters is not a trivial task since they are not directly related to control or regulation performance. The presented tuning method exploits model-parameters to select suitable controller parameters. Additionally, a Rhinehart filter is incorporated in the design to decrease the impact of noise, therefore, a fifth parameter has to be optimised. The proposed method has been tested in simulation and on a real system.

关键词： Controllers

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Passing from requirements specification to class model using application domain ontology

Passing from requirements specification to class model using...

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作者： Laroslaw, Kuchta Department of Computer Systems Architecture Gdansk University of Technology Gdansk Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9788360779026

The quality of a classic software engineering process depends on the completeness of project documents and on the inter-phase consistency. In this paper, a method for passing from the requirement specification to the class model is proposed. First, a developer browses the text of the requirements, extracts the word sequences, and places them as terms into the glossary. Next, the internal ontology logic for the glossary needs to be elaborated. External ontology sources, as Wikipedia or domain ontology services, may be used to support this stage. At the end, the newly built ontology is transformed to the class model. The whole process may be supported with semi-automated, interactive tools. The result should be the class model with better completeness and consistency than using traditional methods.

关键词： Ontology

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Customized exposed datapath soft-core design flow with compiler support

Customized exposed datapath soft-core design flow with compi...

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20th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications, FPL 2010

作者： Esko, Otto Jääskeläinen, Pekka Huerta, Pablo De La Lama, Carlos S. Takala, Jarmo Martinez, Jose Ignacio Tampere University of Technology Department of Computer Systems Tampere Finland Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Department of Computer Architecture Móstoles MD Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541792

A popular way to exploit high level programming languages in FPGA designs is to use a soft-core with accompanying software development tools. However, a common shortcoming with the current soft-core offerings is their limited software execution capability: the required performance for the implementation can be often reached only with instruction set extensions. In this paper, we propose and evaluate an application-specific processor design toolset that uses a multi-issue exposed data path processor architecture template. The main benefit of the architecture is scalability with respect to instruction-level parallelism (ILP). The design flow allows the designer to freely customize the data path resources in the core to exploit the ILP available in computation intensive kernels. The design toolset includes a retargetable C compiler and an architecture simulator, making design space exploration feasible. The experiments show that a relatively small soft-core tailored with the toolset provides significant speedups on software execution without using any instruction set extensions. The best measured speedup in comparison to the major commercial soft-cores was fourfold in applications from the CHStone benchmark suite, while the amount of consumed FPGA resources remained moderate. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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OpenCL-based design methodology for application-specific processors

OpenCL-based design methodology for application-specific pro...

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2010 10th International Conference on Embedded computer Systems: architectures, Modeling and Simulation, IC-SAMOS 2010

作者： Jääskeläinen, Pekka O. De La Lama, Carlos S. Huerta, Pablo Takala, Jarmo H. Tampere University of Technology Department of Computer Systems Tampere Finland Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Department of Computer Architecture Móstoles Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479382

OpenCL is a programming language standard which enables the programmer to express the application by structuring its computation as kernels. The OpenCL compiler is given the explicit freedom to parallelize the execution of kernel instances at all the levels of parallelism. In comparison to the traditional C programming language which is sequential in nature, OpenCL enables higher utilization of parallelism naturally available in hardware constructs while still having a feasible learning curve for engineers familiar with the C language. This paper describes methodology and compiler techniques involved in applying OpenCL as an input language for a design flow of application-specific processors. At the core of the methodology is a whole program optimizing compiler that links together the host and kernel codes of the input OpenCL program and parallelizes the result on a customized statically scheduled processor. The OpenCL vendor extension mechanism is used to provide clean access to custom operations. The methodology is studied with a design case to verify the scalability of the implementation at the instruction level and to exemplify the use of custom operations. The case shows that the use of OpenCL allows producing scalable application-specific processor designs and makes it possible to gradually reach the performance of hand-tailored RTL designs by exploiting the OpenCL extension mechanism to access custom hardware operations of varying complexity. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Very long instruction word architecture

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Predicting marital dissolutions using radial basis function neural networks

Predicting marital dissolutions using radial basis function ...

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2010 6th IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence, WCCI 2010 - 2010 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN 2010

作者： Guillén, A. Tovar, C. Herrera, L.J. Pomares, H. González, J. Guillén, J.F. Rojas, I. Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada Spain Department of Preventive Medicine University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781424469178

Marital dissolutions, that include divorces and separations, are considered one of the most adverse events that can influence the health, life quality and welfare of the adults and infants implied. There have been several researches in the sanitary and sociological field that show how these processes of breaking a life in common can deteriorate the health in both, the physic and the psychological, aspect. This paper presents the application of machine learning methods to be able to predict if a marriage, that has started a dissolution process, will end up in a friendly agreement or it will be taken to the court. In order to accomplish this task, Radial Basis Function Neural Networks in combination with Mutual Information will be able to determine which elements should be considered to make a prediction. As the experiments will show, the methodology applied is able to classify with a high accuracy and robustness a real data base. The results could be applied in order to prevent some traumas to the people involved in the dissolution in the medical aspect and to perform a better management in the legal aspects. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Dissolution

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License plate detection based on genetic neural networks, morphology, and active contours

License plate detection based on genetic neural networks, mo...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science

作者： Olivares, Joaquín Palomares, José M. Soto, José M. Gámez, Juan Carlos Department of Computer Architecture Electronics and Electronic Technology University of Córdoba Córdoba Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3642130321

This paper describes a new method for License Plate Detection based on Genetic Neural Networks, Morphology, and Active Contours. Given an image is divided into several virtual regions sized 10×10 pixels, applying several performance algorithms within each virtual region, algorithms such as edge detection, histograms, and binary thresholding, etc. These results are used as inputs for a Genetic Neural Network, which provides the initial selection for the probable situation of the license plate. Further refinement is applied using active contours to fit the output tightly to the license plate. With a small and well-chosen subset of images, the system is able to deal with a large variety of images with real-world characteristics obtaining great precision in the detection. The effectiveness for the proposed method is very high (97%). This method will be the first stage of a surveillance system which takes into account not only the actual license plate but also the model of the car to determine if a car should be taken as a threat. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Edge detection

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Designing OS for HPC applications: Scheduling

Designing OS for HPC applications: Scheduling

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作者： Gioiosa, Roberto McKeey, Sally A. Valero, Mateo Computer Science Division Barcelona Supercomputing Center Spain Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Sweden Computer Architecture Department Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769542201

Operating systems have historically been implemented as independent layers between hardware and applications. User programs communicate with the OS through a set of well defined system calls, and do not have direct access to the hardware. The OS, in turn, communicates with the underlying architecture via control registers. Except for these interfaces, the three layers are practically oblivious to each other. While this structure improves portability and transparency, it may not deliver optimal performance. This is especially true for High Performance Computing (HPC) systems, where modern parallel applications and multi-core architectures pose new challenges in terms of performance, power consumption, and system utilization. The hardware, the OS, and the applications can no longer remain isolated, and instead should cooperate to deliver high performance with minimal power consumption. In this paper we present our experience with the design and implementation of High Performance Linux (HPL), an operating system designed to optimize the performance of HPC applications running on a state-of-the-art compute cluster. We show how characterizing parallel applications through hardware and software performance counters drives the design of the OS and how including knowledge about the architecture improves performance and efficiency. We perform experiments on a dual-socket IBM POWER6 machine, showing performance improvements and stability (performance variation of 2.11% on average) for NAS, a widely used parallel benchmark suite. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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First-order gradient damage theory

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2010年第8期31卷 987-994页

作者：赵冰郑颖人曾明华唐雪松李小纲 Department of Architectural Engineering Logistical Engineering University of the People's Liberation Army School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Mathematics and Computer Science Ningxia University

Taking the strain tensor, the scalar damage variable, and the damage gradient as the state variables of the Helmholtz free energy, the general expressions of the firstorder gradient damage constitutive equations are derived directly from the basic law of irreversible thermodynamics with the constitutive functional expansion method at the natural state. When the damage variable is equal to zero, the expressions can be simplified to the linear elastic constitutive equations. When the damage gradient vanishes, the expressions can be simplified to the classical damage constitutive equations based on the strain equivalence hypothesis. A one-dimensional problem is presented to indicate that the damage field changes from the non-periodic solutions to the spatial periodic-like solutions with stress increment. The peak value region develops a localization band. The onset mechanism of strain localization is proposed. Damage localization emerges after damage occurs for a short time. The width of the localization band is proportional to the internal characteristic length.

关键词： damage gradient damage localization thermodynamics constitutive functional expansion method Helmholtz free energy

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