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ICONS International Conference on systems

作者： Josef Borcsok Sebastian Schaefer Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

Safety-related systems mostly comprise hardware and software solutions. Due to the increasing application of complex hardware and software systems, the software systems have to be considered regarding safety as well as hardware systems. The development of a safety-related software system is similar to the development of a safety-related hardware systems. But there are still no generally accepted methods for developing safety-critical software. One has to use the methods, which fit best to the actual requirements. However, the calculation of reliability and availability for safety-related software systems is far more complex.

关键词： programming Software safety Software systems Hardware Software testing Software design Application software Object oriented modeling computer architecture Documentation

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Estimation and evaluation of the 1004-architecture for safety related systems

Estimation and evaluation of the 1004-architecture for safet...

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International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO

作者： Josef Börcsök Ali Hayek Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

In the standard IEC 61508 miscellaneous architectures for safety related systems are introduced. Depending on the required safety, reliability and availability levels several architectures such as 1oo2-, 2oo2-, 1oo3-, and 2oo3-architectures can be selected. In this paper, the concept and calculation of a novel architecture is presented. The 1oo4-architecture (one out of four) represents an advanced safety architecture, which is 3-failure safe. This means that at least one of the four channels have to work correctly in order to trigger the safety function. In order to classify the quality of the proposed architecture for safety related systems the PFD-value is calculated. Additionally, the Markov-model for a 1oo4-architecture is introduced and the MTTF-value for this architecture is calculated. The results are high safety and high reliability.

关键词： Safety computer architecture Phase frequency detector Availability Probability Markov processes

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Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safety critical communication

Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safe...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Börcsök, J. Hannen, H.-T. HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co. KG Albert-Bassermann-Str. 28 68782 Brühl Germany Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The probability of failure rate and error rate are important indicators for the assessment of applications for high-speed communication systems. The paper presents causes of faults and theoretical and practical method... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

关键词： Bit error rate

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FPGA-based wireless sensor network for safety-related cognitive systems

FPGA-based wireless sensor network for safety-related cognit...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL)

作者： Ali Hayek Yusuf Suna Michael Schreiber Josef Börcsök Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Wireless sensor networks for monitoring and steering industrial systems have emerged as an important new application area for wireless embedded technology in safety-related systems. Therefore several hardware platforms can be targeted. Due to their flexibility and reconfigurability along with high performance and power efficiency, modern Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are an excellent platform to realize such intelligent sensor networks. On one hand, FPGAs can integrate embedded processors and on-chip memory into a single die and can be easily configured to interface with a wide variety of popular communications protocols like SPI, UART and I2C, which are used for sensor communication. On the other hand, the reconfigurability of FPGAs supports the design of self-organizing computing systems, which are increasingly used in sensor applications. In this paper an FPGA-based wireless smart sensor network that integrates acceleration sensors for increasing safety aspects in cognitive systems used for industrial communication is presented.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Wireless LAN Robot sensing systems Acceleration Graphical user interfaces Software Hardware

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A Tool for Reliable Model-based Design For programming Logic Controllers

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2013年第25期46卷 71-76页

作者： M.H. Schwarz H. Sheng W. Chaaban J. Börcsök Dept. Safety Computer Technology University of Kassel Kassel Germany Dept. Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper presents an automated code generation and validation, verification approach to convert model based developments into IEC 61131-3 conform function blocks. IEC 61131-3 programming languages are supported by PLC manufacturers and software environment developers and provide the possibility that novel and intelligent algorithms can be directly operated on industrial accepted systems. Railway and transportation also receive drastic changes from purely hardware based systems to microcontroller + software driven systems. However, the conversion has to follow certain steps to ensure that the adaptation is done correctly and functionality is not alternated, added or deleted. Concepts suggested by different international standards such as the IEC 61508 can help to derive a tool chain to verify the generated code.

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Approach to predict the software reliability with different methods

Approach to predict the software reliability with different ...

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International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO

作者： Ossmane Krini Josef Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

This particular essay expounds upon how one can foresee and predict software reliability. There are two major components that exist within a computer system: hardware and software. The reliabilities between the two are comparable because both are stochastic processes, which can be described by probability distributions. With this said, software reliability is the probability that will function without failure in a given software and in a given environment during a specified period of time. Thus, this is why software reliability is a major and key factor in software developmental processes and quality. However, one can spot the difference between software reliability and hardware reliability where it concerns the quality duration and the fact that software reliability does not decrease its reliability over time.

关键词： Software reliability Software Mathematical model Shape Hazards Weibull distribution

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Approach to the development of an FPGA-based safety-related, complete communication computer system

Approach to the development of an FPGA-based safety-related,...

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International Symposium on Telecommunications (BIHTEL)

作者： Emil Gracic Ali Hayek Josef Börcsök Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper describes the implementation and integration process of a complete communication computer system on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). After such a design is reached, safety measures are integrated to achieve a safety-related architecture. For this purpose a diagnostic unit will be implemented, consisting of hardware and software tests. Hardware tests are related to the control of the FPGA functionality. They are based on the integration of two existing methods to reach complete hardware test coverage. The software tests are used for a continuous testing of the whole system (this means testing the central processing unit, bus systems, peripherals and memory). Furthermore, a safety multiplexer is integrated with the task to turn off the current operating system (main system) and to turn on a redundant system when a failure is introduced via the diagnostic unit. The safety multiplexer has to give the permission to the redundant system to receive the outputs from the main system in a way that is free from faults. The microcontroller ColdFire is used as a basis, which provides numerous features for the control of various peripherals as well as the connection of various types of memory.

关键词： Safety Field programmable gate arrays Multiplexing computers Hardware Software Microcontrollers

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OPC with redundancy

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WSEAS Transactions on Communications 2006年第8期5卷 1433-1438页

作者： Pendli, Pavan Kumar Gorbatchev, Vadim Schwarz, Michael H. Börcsök, Josef Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Wilhelmshoeher Allee 73 34121 Kassel Germany

OPC which stands for Open Process Control is the world's fastest growing industrial standard that has emerged to provide a greater interoperability between various process control hardware devices from different manufacturers and windows based automation applications. For this purpose OPC defines a set of interfaces, based on Microsoft's OLE/ COM and DCOM technology. OPC standard also provides benefits for both end users and vendors in the Process Control community. This paper disc usses an introduction to OPC, OPC specifications, OPC architectures, OPC strategies for redundancy and OPC benefits.

关键词： Process control

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Design and testing tool for a safe monitoring system for neurodegenerative disorder patients 3

Design and testing tool for a safe monitoring system for neu...

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3rd International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications, ACTEA 2016

作者： Halabi, Nashaat El Achkar, Roger Daou, Roy Abi Zeid Hayek, Ali Borcsok, Josef Department of Computer and Communications Engineering Faculty of Engineering American University of Science and Technology Beirut Lebanon Department of Biomedical Technologies Faculty of Public Health Lebanese German University Sahel Alma Lebanon Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Faculty of Electrical Engineering/Computer Science University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467385237

This paper aims to develop a sensor based monitoring and analyzing system for Neuro-Degenerative Disorder patients (NDD);this may consist on SpO2 sensor, Electrophysiological sensors, NIBP, Motion Capture sensors and Eye Monitoring sensor, taking into consideration an acceptable cost for the whole system. Recorded data will be sent to an embedded decision making unit where detection, analysis, classification, prediction and action control will occur. The sensors and the decision making unit will be implemented in a comfortable jacket that doesn't affect the patients' movements and that can be used by several patients with reduced sensor placement alterations. The decision that can be made is creating a stimulus to avoid falling in case of sudden stop while moving, initiating an alarm, sending a notification to a mobile phone application, and/or telemedicine monitoring features. Artificial Neural Networks will be used to classify and predict the abnormal cases where action should be taken, and since the sensors will be continuously recording, it is possible to achieve continuous learning for the ANN as a first phase. Initial models will be defined by testing normal behaviors and some known abnormal behaviors or symptoms related to the electrical activity and other characteristics of the heart, oxygen saturation level, eye activity and body motion. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Validation of a SIL3 middleware for safety-related system-on-chips

Validation of a SIL3 middleware for safety-related system-on...

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Proceedings of the International Convention MIPRO

作者： Emil Delic Michael Schreiber Ali Hayek Josef Börcsök Institute for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The aim is reducing IEC 61508 certification effort for safety-related applications. Therefore, an object-oriented middleware has been implemented which, once being SIL3-certified, would allow transferring safety-related aspects from the application into an already-certified code layer. Safety-related applications using this middleware then could be written as straightforward as non-safety-related code. The SIL3 middleware is designed for an 8051-based microcontroller. Because of the 8-bit CPU architecture, several limitations have been encountered. These issues are explained in this paper, and solutions are proposed. The middleware will be used on the multi-more safety chip. SIL3 certified multi-core architecture for safety-related applications is described. Also, the SIL3 middleware architecture is given. The middleware is modular. Therefore, if the user does not want to use some modules they will not be included and code footprint will be smaller. In the SIL3 middleware numerous design patterns can be found. Patterns description and purpose are explained. The pseudo code for the singleton pattern is shown. Moreover, module implementation is depicted. The validation of the middleware is presented and the V-model for the middleware is provided. It conforms to the IEC 61508.

关键词： Middleware IEC standards Safety system-on-chip computer architecture Certification

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