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Evaluating ai-powered predictive solutions for MRI in lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review

Artificial Intelligence Review 2025年第8期58卷 1-78页

作者： Al-antari, Mugahed A. Salem, Saied Raza, Mukhlis Elbadawy, Ahmed S. Bütün, Ertan Aydin, Ahmet Arif Aydoğan, Murat Ertuğrul, Bilal Talo, Muhammed Gu, Yeong Hyeon Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science College of AI Convergence Daeyang AI Center Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Department of Artificial Intelligence College of AI Convergence Daeyang AI Center Sejong University Seoul05006 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Technology Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Faculty of Medicine Fırat University Elazığ Turkey Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of North Texas DentonTX76205 United States

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) involves the narrowing of the spinal canal, leading to compression of the spinal cord and nerves in the lower back. Common causes include injuries, degenerative age-related changes, congenital conditions, and tumors, all of which contribute to back pain. Early diagnosis is critical for symptom management, preventing progression, and preserving quality of life. This study systematically reviews ai-based approaches for predicting LSS using MRI axial and sagittal imaging. The review focuses on various ai tasks: detection, segmentation, classification, hybrid approaches, spinal index measurements (SIM), and explainable ai frameworks. The aim is to highlight current knowledge, identify limitations in existing models, and propose future research directions. Following PRISMA guidelines and the PICO method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome), the review collects data from databases like PubMed, Web of science, scienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore (2005–2024). The Rayyan ai tool is used for duplicate removal and screening. The screening process includes an initial review of titles and abstracts, followed by full-text appraisal. The Meta Quality Appraisal Tool (MetaQAT) assesses the quality of selected articles. Of 1323 records, 97 duplicates were removed. After screening, 895 records were excluded, leaving 331 for full-text review. Among these, 184 articles were excluded for lacking ai relevance. Ultimately, 95 key articles (91 technical papers and 4 reviews) were identified for their contributions to ai-based LSS prediction. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ai techniques in LSS prediction, guiding future research and advancing understanding in areas like explainable ai and large language models (LLMs). © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence (Xai) Harmonization Large language models (LLMs) LSS prediction Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) Spinal LSS indices measurements

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RG-ACA: efficient and adaptive routing method for internet of things based on metaheuristic approach

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-8页

作者： Kiani, Farzad Rad, Hamid Data Science Application and Research Center (VEBIM) Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif University Istanbul Türkiye Computer Engineering Dept Azad University Zanjan Iran

In Internet of Things (IoT) systems that use various and limited devices, efficient use of resources is critical. However, since this problem is inherently complex, an enhanced meta-heuristic approach is proposed. In this paper, a new method called Reverse Gauss Ant Colony Algorithm (RG-ACA) is suggested for the design of efficient routing protocol for these systems. It is analyzed on the network lifetime, throughput and packet delivery parameters and the results are compared with HEEL, I-HEEL, EES-LEACH and iABC algorithms. The RG-ACA algorithm ranked first in all categories compared to other related current studies with 94%, 96 Kbps and 91% performance in these three parameters, respectively. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Energy efficiency Internet of things Reverse gauss ant colony algorithm Routing

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PD-YOLO:Colon Polyp Detection Model Based on Enhanced Small-Target Feature Extraction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 913-928页

作者： Yicong Yu Kaixin Lin Jiajun Hong Rong-Guei Tsai Yuanzhi Huang New Engineering Industry College Putian UniversityPutian351100China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application in Private Health Medicine(Putian University) Fujian Province UniversityPutian351100China Computer College Guangdong University of Science&TechnologyDongguan523668China

In recent years,the number of patientswith colon disease has increased *** polyps are the precursor lesions of colon *** not diagnosed in time,they can easily develop into colon cancer,posing a serious threat to patients’lives and health.A colonoscopy is an important means of detecting colon ***,in polyp imaging,due to the large differences and diverse types of polyps in size,shape,color,etc.,traditional detection methods face the problem of high false positive rates,which creates problems for doctors during the diagnosis *** order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of colon polyp detection,this question proposes a network model suitable for colon polyp detection(PD-YOLO).This method introduces the self-attention mechanism CBAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module)in the backbone layer based on YOLOv7,allowing themodel to adaptively focus on key information and ignore the unimportant *** help themodel do a better job of polyp localization and bounding box regression,add the SPD-Conv(Symmetric Positive Definite Convolution)module to the neck layer and use deconvolution instead of *** results indicate that the PD-YOLO algorithm demonstrates strong robustness in colon polyp *** to the original YOLOv7,on the Kvasir-SEG dataset,PD-YOLO has shown an increase of 5.44 percentage points in AP@0.5,showcasing significant advantages over other mainstream methods.

关键词： Polyp detection YOLOv7 SPD-Conv CBAM deconvolution

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Ecology, Spatial Structure, and Selection Pressure Induce Strong Signatures in Phylogenetic Structure

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Artificial life 2025年第2期31卷 129-152页

作者： Moreno, Matthew Andres Rodriguez-Papa, Santiago Dolson, Emily University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Center for the Study of Complex Systems Michigan Institute for Data and AI in Society Michigan State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Program in Ecology Evolution Behavior

Evolutionary dynamics are shaped by a variety of fundamental, generic drivers, including spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure. These drivers impact the trajectory of evolution and have been hypothesized to influence phylogenetic structure. For instance, they can help explain natural history, steer behavior of contemporary evolving populations, and influence the efficacy of application-oriented evolutionary optimization. Likewise, in inquiry-oriented Artificial Life systems, these drivers constitute key building blocks for open-ended evolution. Here we set out to assess (a) if spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure leave detectable signatures in phylogenetic structure;(b) the extent, in particular, to which ecology can be detected and discerned in the presence of spatial structure;and (c) the extent to which these phylogenetic signatures generalize across evolutionary systems. To this end, we analyze phylogenies generated by manipulating spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure within three computational models of varied scope and sophistication. We find that selection pressure, spatial structure, and ecology have characteristic effects on phylogenetic metrics, although these effects are complex and not always intuitive. Signatures have some consistency across systems when using equivalent taxonomic unit definitions (e.g., individual, genotype, species). Furthermore, we find that sufficiently strong ecology can be detected in the presence of spatial structure. We also find that, while low-resolution phylogenetic reconstructions can bias some phylogenetic metrics, high-resolution reconstructions recapitulate them faithfully. Although our results suggest a potential for evolutionary inference of spatial structure, ecology, and selection pressure through phylogenetic analysis, further methods development is needed to distinguish these drivers' phylometric signatures from each other and to appropriately normalize phylogenetic metrics.

关键词： agent-based simulation Artificial Life Ecology evolution evolutionary dynamics phylogenetic analysis phylogeny metrics

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ColorVein: Colorful Cancelable Vein Biometrics

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 4943-4955页

作者： Wang, Yifan Gui, Jie Shi, Xinli Gui, Linqing Tang, Yuan Yan Kwok, James Tin-Yau Southeast University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing210000 China Ministry of Education Purple Mountain Laboratories Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Application Nanjing210000 China Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications College of Computer Nanjing210003 China University of Macao Department of Computer and Information Science 999078 China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering 999077 Hong Kong

Vein recognition technologies have become one of the primary solutions for high-security identification systems. However, the issue of biometric information leakage can still pose a serious threat to user privacy and anonymity. Currently, there is no cancelable biometric template generation scheme specifically designed for vein biometrics. Therefore, this paper proposes an innovative cancelable vein biometric generation scheme: ColorVein. Unlike previous cancelable template generation schemes, ColorVein does not destroy the original biometric features and introduces additional color information to grayscale vein images. This method significantly enhances the information density of vein images by transforming static grayscale information into dynamically controllable color representations through interactive colorization. ColorVein allows users/administrators to define a controllable pseudo-random color space for grayscale vein images by editing the position, number, and color of hint points, thereby generating protected cancelable templates. Additionally, we propose a new secure center loss to optimize the training process of the protected feature extraction model, effectively increasing the feature distance between enrolled users and any potential impostors. Finally, we evaluate ColorVein’s performance on all types of vein biometrics, including recognition performance, unlinkability, irreversibility, and revocability, and conduct security and privacy analyses. ColorVein achieves competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art methods. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Anonymity

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MOCBOA:Multi-Objective Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm Using Hybrid Dominance Relations for Solving engineering Design Problems

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 967-1008页

作者： Nour Elhouda Chalabi Abdelouahab Attia Abdulaziz S.Almazyad Ali Wagdy Mohamed Frank Werner Pradeep Jangir Mohammad Shokouhifar Computer Science Department University of M’silaIchebiliaM’sila28000Algeria Computer ScienceDepartment Mohamed El Bachir El IbrahimiUniversity of Bordj BouArreridjBordj BouArreridj34000Algeria Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11931Jordan Faculty of Mathematics Otto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburg39016Germany University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran14399Iran DTU AI and Data Science Hub(DAIDASH) Duy Tan UniversityDa Nang550000Vietnam

Multi-objective optimization is critical for problem-solving in engineering,economics,and *** study introduces the Multi-Objective Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm(MOCBOA),an upgraded version of the Chef-Based Optimization Algorithm(CBOA)that addresses distinct *** approach is unique in systematically examining four dominance relations—Pareto,Epsilon,Cone-epsilon,and Strengthened dominance—to evaluate their influence on sustaining solution variety and driving convergence toward the Pareto *** comparison investigation,which was conducted on fifty test problems from the CEC 2021 benchmark and applied to areas such as chemical engineering,mechanical design,and power systems,reveals that the dominance approach used has a considerable impact on the key optimization measures such as the hypervolume *** paper provides a solid foundation for determining themost effective dominance approach and significant insights for both theoretical research and practical applications in multi-objective optimization.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization chef-based optimization algorithm(CBOA) pareto dominance epsilon dominance cone-epsilon dominance strengthened dominance

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SPDGrNet: A Lightweight and Efficient Image Classification Network for Zea mays Diseases

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Journal of Crop Health 2025年第3期77卷 1-12页

作者： Xu, Laixiang Cao, Bingxu Su, Jing feng Zhang, Fengyue Song, Hongyun Zhao, Junmin School of Computer and Data Science Research Center of Smart City and Big Data Engineering of Henan Province Henan University of Urban Construction Pingdingshan 467036 China School of Information Engineering Luohe Vocational Technology College Henan Luohe China Institute of Technology University of Technology Luohe Luohe 462000 China School of Computer and Data Science Innovation Laboratory of Smart Traffic and Big Data Development of Hainan Province Henan University of Urban Construction Pingdingshan 467036 China School of Computer and Data Science Henan University of Urban Construction Pingdingshan 467036 China School of Computer and Data Science Research Center of Smart City and Big Data Engineering of Henan Province Research Center of Intelligent Campus Application Engineering of Henan Province Innovation Laboratory of Smart Traffic and Big Data Development of Hainan Province Henan University of Urban Construction Pingdingshan 467036 China

Controlling diseases on the foliage of cultivated plants has a major impact on crop yield and quality. Leaf symptoms and environmental information are the basis of crop disease and pest identification. Due to the complexity and diversity of disease leaf symptoms and environmental information, the accuracy of crop disease detection methods has decreased. aiming at low disease identification efficiency and difficult feature modeling, we propose a new deep learning algorithm and obtain ideal results. We used improved convolutional neural networks (CNNs) SPDNet and GrNet (SPDGrNet) to perform Zea mays disease identification. The proposed research and analysis focus on four categories of Zea mays symptoms: healthy, leaf blight, southern leaf blight and grey spot. The experimental results and analysis confirm that the proposed approach outperforms other excellent plant disease recognition algorithms and achieves an overall classification accuracy of 98.96%. When compared to AlexNet, VGG-16, Inception-V4, ShuffleNet-V3, and Efficient-B7, the proposed model achieves accuracy improvements of 27.78%, 19.05%, 14.59%, 10.28%, and 7.06%, respectively, with corresponding accuracies of 71.18%, 79.91%, 84.37%, 88.68%, and 91.9%. The proposed model has outstanding generalization ability in open-source databases, such as the PlantifyDr, Plant Pathology, and New Plant Diseases dataset. The suggested strategy can provide ideas for transplanting models into mobile disease detection equipment. This is very helpful in the intelligent development of agricultural systems and crop leaf disease analysis. © The author(s), exclusively licensed to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, a part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Crop leaf disease control Deep learning Disease detection Generalization Zea mays

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Soft-GNN:towards robust graph neural networks via self-adaptive data utilization

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Frontiers of computer science 2025年第4期19卷 1-12页

作者： Yao WU Hong HUANG Yu SONG Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Service Computing Technology and System LabCluster and Grid Computing LabSchool of Computer Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China College of Information and Communication National University of Defense TechnologyWuhan 430019China Department of Computer Science and Operations Research Universitéde MontréalMontreal H3C 3J7Canada

Graph neural networks(GNNs)have gained traction and have been applied to various graph-based data analysis tasks due to their high ***,a major concern is their robustness,particularly when faced with graph data that has been deliberately or accidentally polluted with *** presents a challenge in learning robust GNNs under noisy *** address this issue,we propose a novel framework called Soft-GNN,which mitigates the influence of label noise by adapting the data utilized in *** approach employs a dynamic data utilization strategy that estimates adaptive weights based on prediction deviation,local deviation,and global *** better utilizing significant training samples and reducing the impact of label noise through dynamic data selection,GNNs are trained to be more *** evaluate the performance,robustness,generality,and complexity of our model on five real-world datasets,and our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over existing methods.

关键词： graph neural networks node classification label noise robustness

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Gupacker: Generalized Unpacking Framework for Android Malware

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 4338-4352页

作者： Zheng, Tao Hou, Qiyu Chen, Xingshu Ren, Hao Li, Meng Li, Hongwei Shen, Changxiang Sichuan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Chengdu610065 China Sichuan University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Cyber Science Research Institute Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Chengdu610065 China Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Ministry of Education Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei230002 China University of Padua Department of Mathematics HIT Center Padua35131 Italy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Chengdu611731 China Sichuan University Cyber Science Research Institute Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Chengdu610065 China

Android malware authors often use packers to evade analysis. Although many unpacking tools have been proposed, they face two significant challenges: 1) They are easily impeded by anti-analysis techniques employed by packers, preventing efficient collection of hidden Dex data. 2) They are typically designed to unpack a specific packer and cannot handle malware packed with mixed packers. Consequently, many packed malware samples evade detection. To bridge this gap, we propose Gupacker , a novel generalized unpacking framework. Gupacker offers a generic solution for first-generation holistic packer by customizing the Android system source code. It identifies the type of packer and selects an appropriate unpacking function, constructs a deeper active call chain to achieve generic unpacking of second-generation function extraction packers, and uses JNI function and instruction monitoring to handle third-generation virtual obfuscation packer. On this basis, we counteract a diverse array of anti-analysis techniques. We conduct extensive experiments on 5K packed Android malware samples, comparing Gupacker with 2 commercial and 4 state-of-the-art academic unpacking tools. The results demonstrate that Gupacker significantly improves the efficiency of Android malware unpacking with acceptable system overhead. We analyze real packed applications based on Gupacker and found several are second-packed by attackers, including WPS for Android, with tens of millions of users. We receive and responsibly report 13 0day vulnerabilities and also assist in the remediation of all vulnerabilities. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Android malware

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NUMERICAL ENERGY DISSIPATION FOR TIME-FRACTIONAL PHASE-FIELD EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2025年第3期43卷 515-539页

作者： Chaoyu Quan Tao Tang Jiang Yang School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China Division of Science and Technology BNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519087China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science BNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519087China Department of Mathematics SUSTech International Center for Mathematics&National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen(NCAMS)Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The numerical integration of phase-field equations is a delicate task which needs to recover at the discrete level intrinsic properties of the solution such as energy dissipation and maximum *** the theory of energy dissipation for classical phase field models is well established,the corresponding theory for time-fractional phase-field models is still *** this article,we study certain nonlocal-in-time energies using the first-order stabilized semi-implicit L1 *** particular,we will establish a discrete fractional energy law and a discrete weighted energy *** extension for a(2-α)-order L1 scalar auxiliary variable scheme will be ***,we demonstrate that the energy bound is preserved for the L1 schemes with nonuniform time *** numerical experiments are carried to verify our theoretical analysis.

关键词： Time-fractional phased-field equation Allen-Cahn equations Cahn-Hilliard equations Caputo fractional derivative Energy dissipation

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