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application Level Trust Authority (APPLETA) for Resource-Constrained Edge Devices in IoT and 6G

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Mahmood, Shahid Gohar, Moneeb Koh, Seok-Joo Tariq, Muhammad Usman Ghani, Anwar Department of Computer Science Bahria University Shangrilla Road E-8/1 Islamabad Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Korea Republic of Marketing Operations Information Systems Abu Dhabi University United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan Big Data Research Center Department of Computer Engineering Jeju National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Digital Sciences Nazarbayev University Astana010000 Kazakhstan

The rapid growth of the internet and edge devices has greatly increased the risk of cyber-attacks at the edge layer of computer networks. The rise of edge devices has driven extensive research into their cybersecurity challenges. These devices require robust protection to counter possible cyberattacks. Trust is a key security parameter used to determine the level of protection required for a device.. Trustworthiness gives confidence to other devices before they offer or request a service. The trust value indicates the probability of risk that a device may incur while engaging with another device. There are various solutions, but many fail due to the diversity of edge devices in the Internet of Things. In this paper, an efficient trust management framework, APPLETA, has been proposed. It computes the trust value based on routine application transactions and authentication behaviours without additional overhead. Simulation results show that the trust value is computed more efficiently, using only one application transaction trust parameter. APPLETA has demonstrated better results against good and bad-mouthing attacks with two parameters: application transaction and authentication. This scheme can effectively segregate malicious and harmless nodes. This segregation can further assist in the precise detection of malicious nodes. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Microplastic Emissions into China Seas: Assessment of Multiple Sources at Provincial and National Levels

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liang, Yuran Xiao, Shuolin Zhu, Xiaowei Kyes, Simone Guo, Yixin Cai, Xiaofeng College of Environment and Life Sciences Minzu University of China Beijing10081 China Ralph S. O’Connor Sustainable Energy Institute Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Portland State University PortlandOR97201 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Research Center for Mathematics Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences Beijing Normal University Guangdong Zhuhai519087 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science BNU-HKBU United International College Guangdong Zhuhai519087 China

Microplastics pose a substantial threat to our environment. Given China's large population and rapid economic growth, it is urgent to estimate the annual emissions of microplastics into its marine environment. We developed a process-oriented model that includes both point-source and non-point-source contributions to assess annual microplastic emissions across mainland China. This model accounts for primary and secondary microplastics from multiple sources and incorporates the river retention function. Our results show significant geographical variations in the distribution of microplastic emissions across the nation;coastal provinces contribute significantly, whereas the western region contributes the least. On a national scale, of the microplastics emitted, 36.05% are from household laundry activities, 27.26% are from the wear and tear of vehicle tires, and 24.04% are from the abrasion of plastic household items. Afterwards, 60.21% are removed by wastewater treatment plants, and 29.8% are deposited in the riverine system due to river retention. The remaining 9.96%, equating to 46,677.73 metric tons, eventually enter the ocean, with 71% of that from the wear and tear of vehicle tires. This underscores the pressing need for diversified environmental remediation strategies. While current methods effectively remove microplastics in wastewater treatment plants, they are inadequate against non-point source emissions, which often bypass treatment and directly enter the aquatic environment. Targeted policies at these specific sources are essential to mitigate the environmental threats they pose. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population statistics

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The Influence of Ph on the Efficacy of Oxidation-Reduction Potential (Orp) to Predict Chlorine Disinfection of Surrogate Bacteria, Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Listeria Monocytogenes in Oxidant Demand Free Conditions and Fresh Produce Wash Water

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Gongora, Kimberly Vankerschaver, Joris Sampers, Imca Van Haute, Sam Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food Technology Safety and Health Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Ghent9000 Belgium Center for Food Chemistry and Technology Ghent University Global Campus Incheon21985 Korea Republic of Center for Biosystems and Biotech Data Science Ghent University Global Campus Incheon21985 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics Ghent University Ghent9000 Belgium Research Unit VEG-i-TEC Department of Food Technology Safety and Health Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Campus Kortrijk Sint-Martens-Latemlaan 2B Kortrijk8500 Belgium

Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) is commonly used as a rapid measurement of the antimicrobial potential of free chlorine during industrial fresh produce washing. The current study tested the hypothesis that ORP can act as a "single variable" measurement of bacterial (vegetative and endospores) inactivation effectiveness with free chlorine, irrespective of the water pH value, which has on occasion been assumed but never confirmed nor disproven. Chlorine-dosed pH 6.5 and 8.5 phosphate buffer solutions were inoculated with Escherichia coli (E. coli), Listeria innocua (L. innocua), or Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) endospores. ORP, free chlorine (FC), and log reduction were monitored after 5 seconds (for E. coli and L. innocua) and up to 30 minutes (for B. subtilis spores) of disinfection. Logistic and exponential models were developed to describe how bacteria reduction varied in function of ORP at different pH levels. Validation tests were performed in phosphate buffered pH 6.5 and 8.5 cabbage wash water periodically dosed with FC, cabbage extract and a cocktail of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) and Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). The results showed that, at equal ORP values, the reduction of bacteria was not consistent across pH values, with higher reductions at higher pH. This is the opposite of the well-known free chlorine-controlled bacterial inactivation, where the antibacterial effect is higher at lower pH. The validation test results indicated that in the cabbage wash water, the relationship between disinfection efficiency and ORP was consistent with the oxidant demand free systems. The study suggests that ORP cannot serve as a reliable single variable measurement to predict bacterial disinfection in buffered systems. When using ORP to monitor and control the antibacterial effectiveness of the chlorinated wash water, it is crucial to take into account (and control) the pH. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Washing

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GRADIENTS OF BRaiN ORGANIZATION: SMOOTH SaiLING FROM METHODS DEVELOPMENT TO USER COMMUNITY

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Royer, Jessica Paquola, Casey Valk, Sofie L. Kirschner, Matthias Hong, Seok-Jun Park, Bo-Yong Bethlehem, Richard A.I. Leech, Robert Yeo, B.T. Thomas Jefferies, Elizabeth Smallwood, Jonathan Margulies, Daniel Bernhardt, Boris C. Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital McGill University MontrealQC Canada Forschungszentrum Julich Julich Germany Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany Division of Adult Psychiatry Department of Psychiatry University Hospitals of Geneva Thonex Switzerland Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon Korea Republic of Center for the Developing Brain Child Mind Institute New York United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Department of Data Science Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Statistics and Data Science Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Psychology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Neuroimaging Science King's College London London United Kingdom Centre for Sleep áCognition Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute for Health Institute for Digital Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital CharlestownMA United States Department of Psychology University of York York United Kingdom Department of Psychology Queens University KingstonON Canada Universite de Paris Paris France

Multimodal neuroimaging grants a powerful in vivo window into the structure and function of the human brain. Recent methodological and conceptual advances have enabled investigations of the interplay between large-scale spatial trends - or gradients - in brain structure and function, offering a framework to unify principles of brain organization across multiple scales. Strong community enthusiasm for these techniques has been instrumental in their widespread adoption and implementation to answer key questions in neuroscience. Following a brief review of current literature on this framework, this perspective paper will highlight how pragmatic steps aiming to make gradient methods more accessible to the community propelled these techniques to the forefront of neuroscientific inquiry. More specifically, we will emphasize how interest for gradient methods was catalyzed by data sharing, open-source software development, as well as the organization of dedicated workshops led by a diverse team of early career researchers. To this end, we argue that the growing excitement for brain gradients is the result of coordinated and consistent efforts to build an inclusive community and can serve as a case in point for future innovations and conceptual advances in neuroinformatics. We close this perspective paper by discussing challenges for the continuous refinement of neuroscientific theory, methodological innovation, and real-world translation to maintain our collective progress towards integrated models of brain organization. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Gradient methods

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Correction: Automatic classification of normal/AD brain MRI slices using whale-algorithm optimized hybrid image features

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第4期15卷 2655-2655页

作者： Kadry, Seifedine Jessy, V. Elizabeth Rajinikanth, Venkatesan Crespo, Rubén González Department of Applied Data Science Norof University College Kristiansand Norway Artifcial Intelligence Research Center (AIRC) College of Engineering and Information Technology Ajman University Ajman United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon Division of Research and Innovation Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Technology Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Logroño Spain

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Diagrammatic Sentence Pattern Structure System and Its Treebank Construction 23

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23rd Chinese National Conference on Computational Linguistics, CCL 2024

作者： Peng, Weiming Zhao, Min Song, Yuchen Hu, Jiajia Song, Tianbao Sui, Zhifang Song, Jihua Laboratory for Chinese Character and Language Research and Social Application Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Linguistic Data Consortium University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104-2653 United States Beijing Han-sky Education Technology Co. Ltd Beijing100084 China Department of Linguistics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109-1220 United States School of Computer Science and Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048 China Key Laboratory of Computational Linguistics Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing100871 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780000000002

The Sentence Pattern Structure (SPS) is a formalized syntactic structure based on sentence-based grammar, which presents the structure of sentences in a customized diagram form. This paper proposes an SPS system covering three aspects: clause structure, lexical structure, and inter-sentence structure, elucidating its design philosophy and parsing principles of sentence-based grammar. Finally, an overview of the engineering progress of building a Chinese treebank based on this system is provided. © 2024 China National Conference on Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Trees (mathematics)

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Guidance of development,validation,and evaluation of algorithms for populating health status in observational studies of routinely collected data (DEVELOP-RCD)

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Military Medical research 2025年第5期 788-798页

作者： Wen Wang Ying-Hui Jin Mei Liu Qiao He Jia-Yue Xu Ming-Qi Wang Guo-Wei Li Bo Fu Si-Yu Yan Kang Zou Xin Sun Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine and Cochrane China CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University NMPA Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan Sichuan Center of Technology Innovation for Real World Data Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and ImpactMcMaster University Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital Biostatistics Unit Research Institute at St.Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital Sichuan University

Background:In recent years,there has been a growing trend in the utilization of observational studies that make use of routinely collected healthcare data (RCD).These studies rely on algorithms to identify specific health conditions (e.g.,diabetes or sepsis) for statistical ***,there has been substantial variation in the algorithm development and validation,leading to frequently suboptimal performance and posing a significant threat to the validity of study ***,these issues are often ***:We systematically developed guidance for the development,validation,and evaluation of algorithms designed to identify health status (DEVELOP-RCD).Our initial efforts involved conducting both a narrative review and a systematic review of published studies on the concepts and methodological issues related to algorithm development,validation,and ***,we conducted an empirical study on an algorithm for identifying *** on these findings,we formulated specific workflow and recommendations for algorithm development,validation,and evaluation within the ***,the guidance underwent independent review by a panel of 20 external experts who then convened a consensus meeting to finalize ***:A standardized workflow for algorithm development,validation,and evaluation was *** by specific health status considerations,the workflow comprises four integrated steps:assessing an existing algorithm’s suitability for the target health status;developing a new algorithm using recommended methods;validating the algorithm using prescribed performance measures;and evaluating the impact of the algorithm on study ***,13 good practice recommendations were formulated with detailed ***,a practical study on sepsis identification was included to demonstrate the application of this ***:The establishment of guidance is intended to aid researchers and clinician

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From 2d Images to 3d Model: Weakly Supervised Multi-View Face Reconstruction with Deep Fusion

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhao, Weiguang Yang, Chaolong Ye, Jianan Zhang, Rui Yan, Yuyao Yang, Xi Dong, Bin Hussain, Amir Huang, Kaizhu Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 7ZX United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 7ZX United Kingdom Department of Foundational Mathematics Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215123 China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215123 China School of Advanced Technology China Co. Ltd. Beijing100000 China School of Computing Edinburgh Napier University EdinburghEH11 4BN United Kingdom Data Science Research Center Duke Kunshan University Kunshan215316 China

While weakly supervised multi-view face reconstruction (MVR) is garnering increased attention, one critical issue still remains open: how to effectively fuse multiple image information to reconstruct high-precision 3D models. In this regard, we propose a novel model called Deep Fusion MVR (DF-MVR) to reconstruct high-precision 3D facial shapes from multi-view images. Specifically, we introduce MulEn-Unet, a multi-view encoding to single decoding framework with skip connections and attention. This design allows for the extraction, integration, and compensation of deep features with attention from multi-view images. Furthermore, we adopt the involution kernel to enrich deep fusion features with channel features. In addition, we develop the face parse network to learn, identify, and emphasize the critical common face area within multi-view images. Experiments on Pixel-Face and Bosphorus datasets indicate the superiority of our model. Without 3D annotation, DF-MVR achieves 5.2% and 3.0% RMSE improvement over the existing weakly supervised MVRs respectively on Pixel-Face and Bosphorus dataset. Code will be available publicly at https://***/weiguangzhao/DF_MVR. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image fusion

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Development of A Stochastic Traffic Environment with Generative Time-Series Models for Improving Generalization Capabilities of Autonomous Driving Agents 31

Development of A Stochastic Traffic Environment with Generat...

引用

31st IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IV 2020

作者： Ozturk, Anil Gunel, Mustafa Burak Dal, Melih Yavas, Ugur Ure, Nazim Kemal Faculty of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics Aerospace Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Faculty of Computer Engineering Bogazici University Turkey Eatron Technologies Istanbul Turkey Itu Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Research Center Istanbul Technical University Department of Aeronautical Engineering Turkey

Automated lane changing is a critical feature for advanced autonomous driving systems. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms trained on traffic simulators yielded successful results in computing lane changing policies that strike a balance between safety, agility and compensating for traffic uncertainty. However, many RL algorithms exhibit simulator bias and policies trained on simple simulators do not generalize well to realistic traffic scenarios. In this work, we develop a data driven traffic simulator by training a generative adverserial network (GAN) on real life trajectory data. The simulator generates randomized trajectories that resembles real life traffic interactions between vehicles, which enables training the RL agent on much richer and realistic scenarios. We demonstrate through simulations that RL agents that are trained on GAN-based traffic simulator has stronger generalization capabilities compared to RL agents trained on simple rule-driven simulators. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Heliocentric Distance Dependence of Zodiacal Light Observed by Hayabusa2#

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Tsumura, Kohji Matsuura, Shuji Sano, Kei Iwata, Takahiro Yano, Hajime Kitazato, Kohei Takimoto, Kohji Yamada, Manabu Morota, Tomokatsu Kouyama, Toru Hayakawa, Masahiko Yokota, Yasuhiro Tatsumi, Eri Matsuoka, Moe Sakatani, Naoya Honda, Rie Kameda, Shingo Suzuki, Hidehiko Cho, Yuichiro Yoshioka, Kazuo Ogawa, Kazunori Shirai, Kei Sawada, Hirotaka Sugita, Seiji Department of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Tokyo City University Tokyo158-8557 Japan Department of Physics School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Hyogo669-1337 Japan Department of Space Systems Engineering School of Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Fukuoka804-8550 Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Kanagawa252-5210 Japan Department of Space and Astronautical Science The Graduate University of Advanced Studies Kanagawa240-0193 Japan Department of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu Fukushima965-8580 Japan Planetary Exploration Research Center Chiba Institute of Technology Chiba275-0016 Japan Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Digital Architecture Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo135-0064 Japan Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias University of La Laguna Tenerife Spain Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki305-8567 Japan Center for Data Science Ehime University Ehime790-8577 Japan Rikkyo University Tokyo171-8501 Japan Meiji University Kanagawa214-8571 Japan Department of Complexity Science and Engineering University of Tokyo Chiba277-8561 Japan JAXA Space Exploration Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Kanagawa252-5210 Japan Kobe University Hyogo657-8501 Japan

Zodiacal light (ZL) is sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) at optical wavelengths. The spatial distribution of IDPs in the Solar System may hold an important key to understanding the evolution of the Solar System and material transportation within it. The number density of IDPs can be expressed as n(r) ∼ r−α, and the exponent α ∼ 1.3 was obtained by previous observations from interplanetary space by Helios 1/2 and Pioneer 10/11 in the 1970s and 1980s. However, no direct measurements of α based on ZL observations from interplanetary space outside Earth’s orbit have been performed since then. Here, we introduce initial results for the radial profile of the ZL at optical wavelengths observed over the range 0.76-1.06 au by ONC-T aboard the Hayabusa2# mission in 2021-2022. The ZL brightness we obtained is well reproduced by a model brightness, although there is a small excess of the observed ZL brightness over the model brightness at around 0.9 au. The radial power-law index we obtained is α = 1.30 ± 0.08, which is consistent with previous results based on ZL observations. The dominant source of uncertainty arises from the uncertainty in estimating the diffuse Galactic light (DGL). © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Orbits

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