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arXiv 2021年

作者： Shao, Qiming Wang, Zhongrui Zhou, Yan Fukami, Shunsuke Querlioz, Damien Chua, Leon O. Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Department of Physics Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies Palaiseau91120 France Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States ACCESS – AI Chip Center for Emerging Smart Systems Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong

The ever-increasing amount of data from ubiquitous smart devices fosters data-centric and cognitive algorithms. Traditional digital computer systems have separate logic and memory units, resulting in a huge delay and energy cost for implementing these algorithms. Memristors are programmable resistors with a memory, providing a paradigm-shifting approach towards creating intelligent hardware systems to handle data-centric tasks. Spintronic nanodevices are promising choices as they are high-speed, low-power, highly scalable, robust, and capable of constructing dynamic complex systems. In this Review, we survey spintronic devices from a memristor point of view. We introduce spintronic memristors based on magnetic tunnel junctions, nanomagnet ensemble, domain walls, topological spin textures, and spin waves, which represent dramatically different state spaces. They can exhibit steady, oscillatory, stochastic, and chaotic trajectories in their state spaces, which have been exploited for in-memory logic, neuromorphic computing, stochastic and chaos computing. Finally, we discuss challenges and trends in realizing large-scale spintronic memristive systems for practical applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Development of a stochastic traffic environment with generative time-series models for improving generalization capabilities of autonomous driving agents

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Ozturk, Anil Gunel, Mustafa Burak Dal, Melih Yavas, Ugur Ure, Nazim Kemal Faculty of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics Aerospace Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey Faculty of Computer Engineering Bogazici University Turkey Eatron Technologies Istanbul Turkey ITU Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Research Center Department of Aeronautical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Turkey

Automated lane changing is a critical feature for advanced autonomous driving systems. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms trained on traffic simulators yielded successful results in computing lane changing policies that strike a balance between safety, agility and compensating for traffic uncertainty. However, many RL algorithms exhibit simulator bias and policies trained on simple simulators do not generalize well to realistic traffic scenarios. In this work, we develop a data driven traffic simulator by training a generative adverserial network (GAN) on real life trajectory data. The simulator generates randomized trajectories that resembles real life traffic interactions between vehicles, which enables training the RL agent on much richer and realistic scenarios. We demonstrate through simulations that RL agents that are trained on GAN-based traffic simulator has stronger generalization capabilities compared to RL agents trained on simple rule-driven simulators. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vehicle actuated signals

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ANIMC: A soft approach for auto-weighted noisy and incomplete multi-view clustering

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Fang, Xiang Hu, Yuchong Zhou, Pan Wu, Dapeng Oliver Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Information Storage System Ministry of Education of China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States

Multi-view clustering has wide real-world applications because it can process data from multiple sources. However, these data often contain missing instances and noises, which are ignored by most multi-view clustering methods. Missing instances may make these methods difficult to use directly, and noises will lead to unreliable clustering results. In this paper, we propose a novel Auto-weighted Noisy and Incomplete Multi-view Clustering approach (ANIMC) via a soft auto-weighted strategy and a doubly soft regular regression model. Firstly, by designing adaptive semi-regularized nonnegative matrix factorization (adaptive semi-RNMF), the soft auto-weighted strategy assigns a proper weight to each view and adds a soft boundary to balance the influence of noises and incompleteness. Secondly, by proposing θ-norm, the doubly soft regularized regression model adjusts the sparsity of our model by choosing different θ. Compared with previous methods, ANIMC has three unique advantages: 1) it is a soft algorithm to adjust our approach in different scenarios, thereby improving its generalization ability;2) it automatically learns a proper weight for each view, thereby reducing the influence of noises;3) it performs doubly soft regularized regression that aligns the same instances in different views, thereby decreasing the impact of missing instances. Extensive experimental results demonstrate its superior advantages over other state-of-the-art methods. Impact Statement-As an effective method to process data from multiple sources, multi-view clustering has attracted more and more attention. However, most previous works ignore missing instances and noises in original multi-view data, which limits the applications of these works. By a soft approach, our proposed ANIMC can effectively reduce the negative influence of missing instances and noises. Moreover, ANIMC outperforms the stateof- the-art works by about 20% in representative cases. With satisfactory performance on multiple rea

关键词： Regression analysis

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A Deep Learning Model Incorporating Knowledge Representation Vectors and Its application in Diabetes Prediction

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Disease Markers 2022年第1期2022卷 7593750页

作者： Xu, He Zheng, Qunli Zhu, Jingshu Xie, Zuoling Cheng, Haitao Li, Peng Ji, Yimu School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210023 China Institute of High Performance Computing and Big Data Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Nanjing Center of HPC China Nanjing 210023 China Jiangsu Research Engineering of HPC and Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Department of Endocrinology Zhongda Hospital Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China

The deep learning methods for various disease prediction tasks have become very effective and even surpass human experts. However, the lack of interpretability and medical expertise limits its clinical application. This paper combines knowledge representation learning and deep learning methods, and a disease prediction model is constructed. The model initially constructs the relationship graph between the physical indicator and the test value based on the normal range of human physical examination index. And the human physical examination index for testing value by knowledge representation learning model is encoded. Then, the patient physical examination data is represented as a vector and input into a deep learning model built with self-attention mechanism and convolutional neural network to implement disease prediction. The experimental results show that the model which is used in diabetes prediction yields an accuracy of 97.18% and the recall of 87.55%, which outperforms other machine learning methods (e.g., lasso, ridge, support vector machine, random forest, and XGBoost). Compared with the best performing random forest method, the recall is increased by 5.34%, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of medical knowledge into deep learning through knowledge representation learning can be used in diabetes prediction for the purpose of early detection and assisting diagnosis. © 2022 He Xu et al.

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Abnormal association between neural activity and genetic expressions of impulsivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study

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Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging 2025年

作者： Soohyun Jeon Jae-Eon Kang Jundong Hwang Vince D Calhoun Jong-Hwan Lee Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering Korea University Seoul South Korea. Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University Atlanta USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA. Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering Korea University Seoul South Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul South Korea McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA. Electronic address: jonghwan_lee@korea.ac.kr.

BACKGROUND:Impulsivity in highly heritable attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been studied using neural activity via fMRI or genetic data, but rarely with multivariate methods linking both. We investigated coupled neural activity and gene expression signatures, using parallel independent component analysis (pICA) and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development data. METHODS:Children with ADHD (n = 394; 63% males) and healthy controls (n = 1,000; 47% males) of European ancestry were included. The subjects were randomly divided into 80% discovery and 20% replication datasets with demographic stratification. We analyzed neural activity and gene expressions from the discovery datasets using pICA and extracted paired independent components (pICs). The loading coefficients of the pICs were utilized to predict behavioral and cognitive data for stop signal task (SST) in replication datasets. RESULTS:We identified three pICs estimated from gene expression in the cortex, cerebellum, and nucleus accumbens. Significant neural activity was mainly localized to the orbital/inferior/middle frontal gyri, rectal gyrus, precuneus, inferior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, and cerebellum. Significant gene components were associated with immunoglobulin, taste receptor, and immunity-related terms and were overlapped with ADHD-related genes. The extracted fMRI-/Gene-ICs were significantly correlated with mean reaction time, stop signal reaction time of SST, and behavioral inhibition with a large boost in sensitivity when both the paired fMRI-/Gene-ICs and their interaction were used in a multimodal regression analysis. CONCLUSION:We reported biologically plausible pairs of neural activity and gene sets using pICA, which were significantly associated with ADHD impulsivity-related behavioral and cognitive data.

关键词： Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder functional magnetic resonance imaging gene expression imaging genetics parallel independent component analysis stop signal task

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CyberSentry: Enhancing SCADA security through advanced deep learning and optimization strategies

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International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection 2025年 50卷

作者： Alaa O. Khadidos Adil O. Khadidos Shitharth Selvarajan Taher Al-Shehari Nasser A Alsadhan Subhav Singh Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Center of Research Excellence in Artificial Intelligence and Data Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia School of Built Environment Engineering and Computing Leeds Beckett University LS1 3HE Leeds UK Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai India Centre for Research Impact & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura 140401 India Computer Skills Department of Self-Development Skill Common First Year Deanship King Saud University 11362 Riyadh Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh 12372 Saudi Arabia Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh 174103 India Division of research and development Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab India Division of Research & innovation Uttaranchal University Dehradun India

SCADA systems form the core of infrastructural facilities, including power grids, water treatment facilities, and industrial processes. Changing cyber threats present increasingly sophisticated attacks against which traditional security models inadequately protect SCADA systems. These traditional models usually have drawbacks in the way of inadequate feature selection, inefficiency in detecting most attacks, and suboptimal parameter tuning, which cause vulnerabilities and reduce resilience in systems. This paper presents CyberSentry, a new security framework designed to overcome limitations so as to provide robust protection for SCADA systems. These three modules makeup CyberSentry: the RMIG feature selection model, tri-fusion net for attack detection, and Parrot-Levy Blend Optimization (PLBO) for parameter tuning. The Recursive Multi-Correlation-based Information Gain (RMIG) feature selection model enhances accuracy in detection by optimizing the set of fatal features through recursive multi-correlation analysis by Information Gain prioritization. The Tri-Fusion Net combines anomaly detection, signature-based detection, and machine learning classifiers to enhance the detection versatility and robustness. The PLBO module ensures efficient and dynamic tuning for the parameters through undocumented Parrot and Levy optimization techniques. The proposed CyberSentry framework integrates, within a unified architecture, anomaly detection, signature-based detection, and machine learning classifiers to enhance the security of SCADA systems against diverse cyber threats. Features extracted in this manner are analyzed using machine learning classifiers that exploit their predictive capabilities for robust threat classification. The proposed approaches are fused within the Tri-Fusion Net to complement each other in areas where the separate methods lack certain strengths. This, therefore, ensures broad threat detection, as is validated by extensive testing with various datasets

关键词： SCADA systems Security Cyber-attack Intrusion detection Deep learning Feature selection and Optimization

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Unbalanced incomplete multi-view clustering via the scheme of view evolution: Weak views are meat;strong views do eat

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Fang, Xiang Hu, Yuchong Zhou, Pan Wu, Dapeng Oliver The School of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Information Storage System Ministry of Education of China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States

Incomplete multi-view clustering is an important technique to deal with real-world incomplete multi-view data. Previous methods assume that all views have the same incompleteness, i.e., balanced incompleteness. However, different views often have distinct incompleteness, i.e., unbalanced incompleteness, which results in strong views (low-incompleteness views) and weak views (high-incompleteness views). The unbalanced incompleteness prevents us from directly using previous methods. In this paper, inspired by the effective biological evolution theory, we design the novel scheme of view evolution to cluster strong and weak views. Moreover, we propose an Unbalanced Incomplete Multi-view Clustering method (UIMC), which is the first effective method based on view evolution for unbalanced incomplete multi-view clustering. Compared with previous methods, UIMC has two unique advantages: 1) it proposes weighted multi-view subspace clustering to integrate unbalanced incomplete views, which effectively solves the unbalanced incomplete multi-view clustering problem;2) it designs the low-rank representation to recover the data, which diminishes the impact of the incompleteness and noises. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that UIMC improves the clustering performance by up to 40% on three evaluation metrics over other state-of-the-art methods. We provide codes for all of our experiments in https://***/ZeusDavide/TETCI_UIMC. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Deep Learning to Improve Heart Disease Risk Prediction 1st

Deep Learning to Improve Heart Disease Risk Prediction

引用

1st International Workshop on Machine Learning and Medical engineering for Cardiovasvular Healthcare, MLMECH 2019, and the 8th International Joint Workshops on Computing and Visualization for Intravascular Imaging and computer Assisted Stenting, CVII-STENT 2019, held in conjunction with 22nd International Conference on Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCai 2019

作者： Sajeev, Shelda Maeder, Anthony Champion, Stephanie Beleigoli, Alline Ton, Cheng Kong, Xianglong Shu, Minglei Flinders Digital Health Research Centre School of Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University Adelaide Australia Department of Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of E-Government JinanShandong China Shandong Computer Science Center Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Qilu University of Technology Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030333263

Disease prediction based on modeling the correlations between compounded indicator factors is a widely used technique in high incidence chronic disease prevention diagnosis. Predictive models based on personal health information have been developed historically by using simple regression fitting over relatively few factors. Regression approaches have been favored in previous prediction modeling approaches because they are simplest and do not assume any non-linearity in the model for contributions of the chosen factors. In practice, many factors are correlated and have underlying non-linear relationships to the predicted outcome. Deep learning offers a means to construct a more complex modeling approach, along with automation and adaptation. The aim of this paper is to assess the ability of a deep learning model to predict the heart disease incidence using a common benchmark dataset (University of California, Irvine (UCI) dataset). The performance of deep learning model has been compared with four popular machine learning models (two linear and two nonlinear) in predicting the incidence of heart disease using data from 567 participants from two cohorts taken from UCI database. The deep learning model was able to achieve the best accuracy of 94% and an AUC score of 0.964 when compared to other models. The performance of deep learning and nonlinear machine learning models was significantly better compared to the linear machine learning models with increase in the dataset size. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Diseases

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Enhancing the Prediction of Breast Cancer Progression Through Multi-modal data Transformation

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Cognitive Computation 2025年第3期17卷 1-18页

作者： Abdullakutty, Faseela Akbari, Younes Al-Maadeed, Somaya Bouridane, Ahmed Rifat Hamoudi, Rifat Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Center for Data Analytics and Cybernetics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Clinical Sciences Department College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates BIMAI-Lab Biomedically Informed Artificial Intelligence Laboratory University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The ability to predict breast cancer metastases is essential for making effective clinical decisions and managing patients. Traditional models predominantly rely on structured clinical data, which often lacks essential contextual details, limiting their predictive accuracy. In order to address this limitation, a multi-modal approach is introduced in which structured data is transformed into unstructured text, while contextual richness is preserved. Using this text, synthetic images are generated across three key diagnostic modalities, histopathology, mammography, and ultrasound, to enhance predictive capabilities. Based on converted text data, a pre-trained diffusion model was used to generate synthetic medical images in histopathology, mammography, and ultrasound modalities. The impact of a variety of text description variants on image quality and metastasis prediction was assessed. Comprehensive tumor descriptions or a combination of histological type and differentiation status were the most effective generation strategies. A comparison was conducted between three prediction approaches: a unimodal approach, an early fusion approach based on concatenation, and the Multi Co-Guided Attention (MCGA) approach. Through mutual attention, MCGA enhances feature alignment by addressing inter- and intra-modal heterogeneity and capturing complex relationships. Unimodal and multi-modal methods were evaluated with the application of SMOTE to mitigate the impact of data imbalance. Multi-modal fusion significantly outperforms unimodal methods, especially when class imbalances are mitigated by using SMOTE. When SMOTE was applied, Ultrasound+BERT achieved the highest level of accuracy (0.90), followed by Histopathology+BERT (0.88), and Mammogram+BERT (0.88). As compared to early fusion, MCGA demonstrated better class balance and improved minority class detection. Incorporating unstructured text with synthetic imaging modalities improves the accuracy of metastasis prediction by pres

关键词： Modal analysis

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FaiR Convergence Matrix:Optimizing the Reuse of Existing FaiR-Related Resources

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data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 158-170,313页

作者： Hana Pergl Sustkova Kristina Maria Hettne Peter Wittenburg Annika Jacobsen Tobias Kuhn Robert Pergl Jan Slifka Peter McQuilton Barbara Magagna Susanna-Assunta Sansone Markus Stocker Melanie Imming Larry Lannom Mark Musen Erik Schultes GO FAIR International Support and Coordination Office LeidenThe Netherlands Centre for Digital Scholarship Leiden University LibrariesLeidenThe Netherlands Max Planck Computing and Data Facility Gießenbachstraße 285748 GarchingGermany Leiden University Medical Center Leiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11051081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology(FIT CTU)16000 Prague 6Czech Republic Oxford e-Research Centre Department of Engineering SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK Environment Agency Austria A-1090 ViennaAustria TIB Leibniz Information Centre for Science and Technology HannoverGermany SURF Utrecht 3511 EPThe Netherlands Corporation for National Research Initiatives(CNRI) RestonVirginia 20191USA Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research StanfordCA 94305USA

The FaiR principles articulate the behaviors expected from digital artifacts that are Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable by machines and by *** by now widely accepted,the FaiR Principles by design do not explicitly consider actual implementation choices enabling FaiR *** different communities have their own,often well-established implementation preferences and priorities for data reuse,coordinating a broadly accepted,widely used FaiR implementation approach remains a global *** an effort to accelerate broad community convergence on FaiR implementation options,the GO FaiR community has launched the development of the FaiR Convergence *** Matrix is a platform that compiles for any community of practice,an inventory of their self-declared FaiR implementation choices and *** Convergence Matrix is itself a FaiR resource,openly available,and encourages voluntary participation by any self-identified community of practice(not only the GO FaiR Implementation Networks).Based on patterns of use and reuse of existing resources,the Convergence Matrix supports the transparent derivation of strategies that optimally coordinate convergence on standards and technologies in the emerging Internet of FaiR data and Services.

关键词： FaiR Implementation Choices and Challenges Convergence FaiR Communities

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