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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Burg, Max F. Zenkel, Thomas Vystrčilová, Michaela Oesterle, Jonathan Höfling, Larissa Willeke, Konstantin F. Lause, Jan Müller, Sarah Fahey, Paul G. Ding, Zhiwei Restivo, Kelli Sridhar, Shashwat Gollisch, Tim Berens, Philipp Tolias, Andreas S. Euler, Thomas Bethge, Matthias Ecker, Alexander S. International Max Planck Research School for Intelligent Systems Tübingen Germany Institute of Computer Science and Campus Institute Data Science University of Göttingen Germany Tübingen AI Center University of Tübingen Germany Institute of Ophthalmic Research University of Tübingen Germany Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University of Tübingen Germany Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Tübingen University Germany Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health University of Tübingen Germany Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX United States Center for Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX United States University Medical Center Göttingen Department of Ophthalmology Germany Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Göttingen Germany University of Göttingen Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Göttingen Germany

Identifying cell types and understanding their functional properties is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms underlying perception and cognition. In the retina, functional types can be identified by carefully selected stimuli, but this requires expert domain knowledge and biases the procedure towards previously known cell types. In the visual cortex, it is still unknown what functional types exist and how to identify them. Thus, for unbiased identification of the functional cell types in retina and visual cortex, new approaches are needed. Here we propose an optimization-based clustering approach using deep predictive models to obtain functional clusters of neurons using Most Discriminative Stimuli (MDS). Our approach alternates between stimulus optimization with cluster reassignment akin to an expectation-maximization algorithm. The algorithm recovers functional clusters in mouse retina, marmoset retina and macaque visual area V4. This demonstrates that our approach can successfully find discriminative stimuli across species, stages of the visual system and recording techniques. The resulting most discriminative stimuli can be used to assign functional cell types fast and on the fly, without the need to train complex predictive models or show a large natural scene dataset, paving the way for experiments that were previously limited by experimental time. Crucially, MDS are interpretable: they visualize the distinctive stimulus patterns that most unambiguously identify a specific type of neuron. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maximum principle

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Ethereum smart contract security research:survey and future research opportunities

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Frontiers of computer science 2021年第2期15卷 143-160页

作者： Zeli WANG Hai JIN Weiqi Dai Kim-Kwang Raymond CHOO Deqing ZOU National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System LabClusters and Grid Computing LabHubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data SecurityWuhan430074China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen518057China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Blockchain has recently emerged as a research trend,with potential applications in a broad range of industries and *** particular successful Blockchain technology is smart contract,which is widely used in commercial settings(e.g.,high value financial transactions).This,however,has security implications due to the potential to financially benefit from a security incident(e.g.,identification and exploitation of a vulnerability in the smart contract or its implementation).Among,Ethereum is the most active and ***,in this paper,we systematically review existing research efforts on Ethereum smart contract security,published between 2015 and ***,we focus on how smart contracts can be maliciously exploited and targeted,such as security issues of contract program model,vulnerabilities in the program and safety consideration introduced by program execution *** also identify potential research opportunities and future research agenda.

关键词： smart contract security blockchain vulnerability unreliable data

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CLOUDY WITH A CHANCE OF ANOMALIES: DYNAMIC GRAPH NEURAL NETWORK FOR EARLY DETECTION OF CLOUD SERVICES’ USER ANOMALIES

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Marbel, Revital Cohen, Yanir Dubin, Ran Dvir, Amit Hajaj, Chen Israel Department of Computer Science Ariel Cyber Innovation Center Ariel University Kiryat Hamada 3 Ariel Israel Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Research Center Ariel University Israel

Ensuring the security of cloud environments is imperative for sustaining organizational growth and operational efficiency. As the ubiquity of cloud services continues to rise, the inevitability of cyber threats underscores the importance of preemptive detection. This paper introduces a pioneering time-based embedding approach for Cloud Services Graph-based Anomaly Detection (CS-GAD), utilizing a Graph Neural Network (GNN) to discern anomalous user behavior during interactions with cloud services. Our method employs a dynamic tripartite graph representation to encapsulate the evolving interactions among cloud services, users, and their activities over time. Leveraging GNN models in each time frame, our approach generates a graph embedding wherein each user is assigned a score based on their historical activity, facilitating the identification of unusual behavior. Results demonstrate a notable reduction in false positive rates (2-9%) compared to prevailing methods, coupled with a commendable true positive rate (100%). The contributions of this work encompass early detection capabilities, a low false positive rate, an innovative tripartite graph representation incorporating action types, the introduction of a new cloud services dataset featuring various user attacks, and an open-source implementation for community collaboration in advancing cloud service security. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cloud security

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Machine Learning With data Assimilation and Uncertainty Quantification for Dynamical Systems:A Review

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第6期10卷 1361-1387页

作者： Sibo Cheng César Quilodrán-Casas Said Ouala Alban Farchi Che Liu Pierre Tandeo Ronan Fablet Didier Lucor Bertrand Iooss Julien Brajard Dunhui Xiao Tijana Janjic Weiping Ding Yike Guo Alberto Carrassi Marc Bocquet Rossella Arcucci Data Science Institute Department of ComputingImperial College LondonSW72AZ London Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonSW72AZ London Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China the IMT Atlantique Lab-STICCUMR CNRS 6285France and OdysseyInria/IMTFrance.P.Tandeo is also with RIKEN Center for Computational ScienceKobeJapan the CEREA École des Ponts and EDF R&Dîle-de-FranceFrance the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique CNRSParis-Saclay UniversityF-91403OrsayFrance the Electricitéde France(EDF) 78401 ChatouFranceInstitut de Mathématiques de Toulouse31062 ToulouseFrance and SINCLAIR AI LabSaclayFrance the Sorbonne University ParisFranceand also with Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center(NERSC)BergenNorway the School of Mathematical Sciences Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China the Mathematical Institute for Machine Learning and Data Science KU Eichstaett-IngolstadtBavariaGermany the School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China the Department of Physics and Astronomy“Augusto Righi” University of Bologna40124 BolognaItaly

data assimilation(DA)and uncertainty quantification(UQ)are extensively used in analysing and reducing error propagation in high-dimensional spatial-temporal *** applications span from computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to geoscience and climate ***,much effort has been given in combining DA,UQ and machine learning(ML)*** research efforts seek to address some critical challenges in high-dimensional dynamical systems,including but not limited to dynamical system identification,reduced order surrogate modelling,error covariance specification and model error correction.A large number of developed techniques and methodologies exhibit a broad applicability across numerous domains,resulting in the necessity for a comprehensive *** paper provides the first overview of state-of-the-art researches in this interdisciplinary field,covering a wide range of *** review is aimed at ML scientists who attempt to apply DA and UQ techniques to improve the accuracy and the interpretability of their models,but also at DA and UQ experts who intend to integrate cutting-edge ML approaches to their ***,this article has a special focus on how ML methods can overcome the existing limits of DA and UQ,and vice *** exciting perspectives of this rapidly developing research field are also *** Terms-data assimilation(DA),deep learning,machine learning(ML),reduced-order-modelling,uncertainty quantification(UQ).

关键词： assimilation overcome apply

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An Exploratory Computational Approach for Elucidating a Nonstructural Protein Interaction in Dengue Virus 2

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Procedia computer science 2024年 245卷 470-479页

作者： Alam Ahmad Hidayat Rudi Nirwantono Bens Pardamean Mathematics Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Indonesia 11480 Biotechnology Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Indonesia 11480 Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

As the dengue infection still impacts hundreds of millions of people globally, unprecedented efforts in dengue drug development have been more progressive in recent decades. Computational methods provide a fast, sustainable, and efficient screening of active compounds and newly created drug molecules, including those specifically targeting nonstructural proteins (NS) of dengue viruses. In this work, protein modeling for the NS proteins of DENV-2/16681 strain was performed using a template-based homology modeling for the NS3 protein and an Artificial Intelligence (ai)-based prediction via AlphaFold for the NS4B protein. Moreover, the protein-protein interaction between the two structures was predicted using the HADDOCK server, which employs information about active and passive residues of the interaction interface to guide the docking process. After the modeling and its respective refinement process, the predicted structures of NS3 and NS4B improved their steric clashing scoring from MolProbity assessment. The refined models were then docked, and the resulting docking pose was analyzed to extract the interacting residues based on the polar contacts within the interface of the two proteins. Our result presents a preliminary study to create a dataset related to in silico molecular interactions of the NS3-NS4B interaction of different DENV types. It is helpful for building a computational pipeline for elucidating protein-ligand problems in dengue drug screenings.

关键词： bioinformatics computational biology dengue protein docking structural biology

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A Synchronous Parallel Method with Parameters Communication Prediction for Distributed Machine Learning 19th

A Synchronous Parallel Method with Parameters Communication...

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19th Eai International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Zeng, Yanguo Xue, Meiting Xu, Peiran Shi, Yukun Zeng, Kaisheng Zhang, Jilin Yue, Lupeng School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Key Laboratory for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems Ministry of Education Hangzhou310018 China Data Security Governance Zhejiang Engineering Research Center Hangzhou310018 China National University of Defense Technology Changsha China School of Cyberspace HangZhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545306

With the development of machine learning technology in various fields, such as medical care, smart manufacturing, etc., the data has exploded. It is a challenge to train a deep learning model for different application domains with large-scale data and limited resources of a single device. The distributed machine-learning technology, which uses a parameter server and multiple clients to train a model collaboratively, is an excellent method to solve this problem. However, it needs much communication between different devices with limited communication resources. The stale synchronous parallel method is a mainstream communication method to solve this problem, but it always leads to high synchronization delay and low computing efficiency as the inappropriate delay threshold value set by the user based on experience. This paper proposes a synchronous parallel method with parameters communication prediction for distributed machine learning. It predicts the optimal timing for synchronization, which can solve the problem of long synchronization waiting time caused by the inappropriate threshold settings in the stale synchronous parallel method. Moreover, it allows fast nodes to continue local training while performing global synchronization, which can improve the resource utilization of work nodes. Experimental results show that compared with the delayed synchronous parallel method, the training time and quality, and resource usage of our method are both significantly improved. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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Fusion of DRL and CNN for Effective Face Recognition 1

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8th International Conference on Information System Design and Intelligent applications, ISDIA 2024

作者： Kumar, Ankit Singh, Sushil Kumar Ravikumar, R.N. Khanna, Ashish Brahma, Biswajit Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University Lucknow India Department of Computer Engineering Marwadi University Rajkot India Computer Science and Engineering Department Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology Delhi India Center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India Senior Data and Visualization Engineer McKesson Corporation USA 32559 Lake Bridgeport St FremontCA94555 United States

ISBN: (数字)9789819765812

ISBN: (纸本)9789819765805

Digital Authentication combined with IOT networks is one of the most innovative practices in innovations. IoT devices such as surveillance cameras have acquired real-time video data in the natural environment. Facial Biometrics for System authentication is considered to be a sophisticated technology used in various devices. The correct processing of digital information in a natural environment is one of the challenging tasks. Noise effect inducts random variations on the subject in the natural environment that may hinder the recognition efficiency of the model. The proposed system recognizes facial biometric features under the natural environment that may contain non-symmetrical randomness of variations. The system's objective is to mitigate the false recognition rates under adverse environmental conditions. It combines digital information with a person’s real-time environment. The detection of the facial region of interest form frames in a real-time dataset has been taken through the Viola-Jones algorithm. Feature extrication using video frames has been developed through Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm, which aims to generate binary trees containing feature vectors. Further, the system uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to establish the correlation of feature vectors belonging to the facial identity. The model's objective is to retain high recognition of facial biometric trait feature units under various randomness in a natural environment. The proposed system is also tested under various attacks to test the robustness of the proposed model. The model can secure an average accuracy of 98.85%. Digital forensics, crime investigation, online attendance, etc., are the few applications of Facial data authentication from dynamic input. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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RAUIE: A Relation-Augmented Document-Level Event Extraction Model Based on UIE

RAUIE: A Relation-Augmented Document-Level Event Extraction ...

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Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology (aiNIT), International Seminar on

作者： Yiyuan Liang Hong Jia Licai Wang Yangchen Huang Zhe Yang Big data research and development center North China Institute of Computing Technology Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong China

ISBN: (数字)9798350385557

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385564

In document-level event extraction tasks, multiple event types often coexist within a document (the multi-event problem), and arguments may play different roles across different events (the argument intertwining problem). Existing methods often suffer from significantly reduced event extraction accuracy, mainly when focusing on scenarios with scarce annotated data and imbalanced event-type distributions. This paper emphasizes enhancing the correlation between event triggers and arguments to address these challenges. Therefore, we propose the Relation-Augmented UIE Model (RADIE), which introduces entity relationships into prompts using prompt-based learning and designs a relation-augmentation algorithm to improve the accuracy and completeness of event extraction. Experimental results demonstrate that this approach significantly outperforms baseline methods, mainly showcasing excellent performance on datasets with long-tail distributions.

关键词： Seminars Accuracy Correlation Focusing Feature extraction data mining Task analysis

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Leveraging Multimodal Ensemble Fusion-Based Deep Learning for COVID-19 on Chest Radiographs

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第10期47卷 873-889页

作者： Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar K.Hemalatha M.Subashree S.Srinivasan Seifedine Kadry Jungeun Kim Keejun Han Department of Medical Equipment Technology College of Applied Medical SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of TechnologySathyamangalam638401India Department of Computer Science and Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalli621112India Institute of Biomedical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennai602105India Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansandNorway Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) College of Engineering and Information TechnologyAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon Department of Software Kongju National UniversityCheonan31080Korea Division of Computer Engineering Hansung UniversitySeoul02876Korea

Recently,COVID-19 has posed a challenging threat to researchers,scientists,healthcare professionals,and administrations over the globe,from its diagnosis to its *** researchers are making persistent efforts to derive probable solutions formanaging the pandemic in their *** of the widespread and effective ways to detect COVID-19 is to utilize radiological images comprising X-rays and computed tomography(CT)*** the same time,the recent advances in machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)models show promising results in medical ***,the convolutional neural network(CNN)model can be applied to identifying abnormalities on chest *** the epidemic of COVID-19,much research is led on processing the data compared with DL techniques,particularly *** study develops an improved fruit fly optimization with a deep learning-enabled fusion(IFFO-DLEF)model for COVID-19 detection and *** major intention of the IFFO-DLEF model is to investigate the presence or absence of *** do so,the presented IFFODLEF model applies image pre-processing at the initial *** addition,the ensemble of three DL models such as DenseNet169,EfficientNet,and ResNet50,are used for feature ***,the IFFO algorithm with a multilayer perceptron(MLP)classification model is utilized to identify and classify *** parameter optimization of the MLP approach utilizing the IFFO technique helps in accomplishing enhanced classification *** experimental result analysis of the IFFO-DLEF model carried out on the CXR image database portrayed the better performance of the presented IFFO-DLEF model over recent approaches.

关键词： COVID-19 computer vision deep learning image classification fusion model

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Design of Nonlinear Delay Differential System for Analyzing Vulnerabilities in Nanoscale Hardware Implants: A Deep Dive into Intelligent Computing Networks

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Nano 2025年第3期20卷

作者： Asif Raja, Muhammad Junaid Ali Masood, Zaheer Hussain, Ijaz Zameer, Aneela Mehmood, Ammara Raja, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Capital University of Science and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Sciences Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences Islamabad Pakistan School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney Australia Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

In the annals of contemporary innovation, the study of miniature marvels nanoscale hardware implants emerged as a pivotal instrument, scarcely perceptible to the naked eye, embodies a prowess of cutting-edge technologies and clandestine intrigue. The objective of this research is to introduce a time delay nonlinear system for nanoscale hardware implants vulnerabilities that portray the exploitation of a system by utilizing the stupendous knacks of advanced deep bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for time series predictions. Firmware-level bugs present the potential for escalating privileges and executing of code remotely beneath the operating system, allowing for infiltration or complete intervention within a computer system. The designed deep bidirectional LSTM is configured to precisely predict and forecast the dynamic states of time delay differential system, offering a robust framework for mimicking delays that commonly manifest in the real cyber-physical systems. To orchestrate the system compromises in real scenarios through the activation of bugged hardware, time delay factors τ1 and τ2 are introduced to account the time delays necessary for exploiting the bugged and patched nodes, respectively. Synthetic data is generated to train the LSTM network for all scenarios of the model for the dynamics of bugged, compromised, patched nodes and these acquired information is used for training, testing and validation purposes regarding exploitation of the bugged hardware. Comparative analysis on exhaustive simulations revealed a minimal difference between the LSTM's predictions and those from the numerical outcomes with MSE in the range of 10-7, underscoring the network's effectiveness, robustness and stability in modeling complex system dynamics of hardware vulnerabilities. © 2025 World Scientific Publishing Company.

关键词： Firmware

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