With the steady growth of traffic volume in core networks,it is predicted that future optical network communication will be constrained mainly by cost and power ***,for Internet sustainability,it will be necessary to ...
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With the steady growth of traffic volume in core networks,it is predicted that future optical network communication will be constrained mainly by cost and power ***,for Internet sustainability,it will be necessary to ensure cost and power efficiency in optical *** aims of this study are(i)to identify the main sources of cost and power consumption in fixed-grid(SLR and MLR)and flexi-grid(OFDM)optical networks,and(ii)to compare techniques for improving cost and power efficiency in SLR/MLR-and OFDM-based *** this end,we conducted a comparative analysis of cost and power efficiency for the OFDM-and MLR/SLR-based networks,and considering realistic networks,evaluated the cost and power consumed by different components in the optical *** results show that(i)OFDM-based networks outperform those based on MLR/SLR in terms of both cost and power-efficiency,(ii)the extra equipment cost incurred due to under-utilization of spectrum is reduced by switching to a flexi-grid network,(iii)lower power consumption per bit is obtained when the networking solution ensures a finer bit-rate granularity,and(iv)there exists a power and spectrum minimization trade-off that is network characteristic dependent.
The effect of hysteresis induced non-linear and memory effects on transmission line behavior using perturbation theory for non-linear differential equation is analyzed. Generation of higher harmonics is observed. The ...
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The effect of hysteresis induced non-linear and memory effects on transmission line behavior using perturbation theory for non-linear differential equation is analyzed. Generation of higher harmonics is observed. The B-H Hysteresis curve is explained using Landau's theory of magnetic moment precession.
Real world data generally deals with uncertainty. The complexity of data uncertainty poses many challenges. The most widely used k-means clustering algorithm is used for cluster analysis. However, it doesn't deal ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467394178
Real world data generally deals with uncertainty. The complexity of data uncertainty poses many challenges. The most widely used k-means clustering algorithm is used for cluster analysis. However, it doesn't deal with uncertain data. The UK-means algorithm, a modification of k-means handles uncertain objects whose locations are represented by probability density functions (pdfs). It computes expected distances (EDs) between objects' pdf and cluster representatives using costly numerical integrations. This paper provides a review about the current state-of-the-art pruning techniques in order to improve the efficiency and countervail the computational complexity of UK-means based upon extensive research performed during the last decade. These are Min-Max bounding box (BB) based technique which uses two ways to calculate bounds: metric and trigonometric. Then, Voronoi based techniques to reduce ED calculations and indexing using R-Tree to reduce pruning overheads are discussed. Finally, hybrid techniques are observed to be feasible for real world employment.
In this study, a novel controller is designed to study low frequency oscillations for load frequency control (LFC) and voltage control of a single area power system. For more accuracy in dynamic and steady state respo...
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In this study, we have implemented master-slave tracking with tactile feedback using Geomagic Touch (Phantom Omni) haptic device. The system dynamics were modeled using adaptive filters and parameter estimation was do...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467394178
In this study, we have implemented master-slave tracking with tactile feedback using Geomagic Touch (Phantom Omni) haptic device. The system dynamics were modeled using adaptive filters and parameter estimation was done using Widrow's Least Mean Square (WLMS) algorithm. The filter update is based on minimizing the error between a given master angular position and the slave position. The filter employed is a slowly time varying filter with the time variation being dictated by the slave process up to the previous time instant. For implementation of these techniques, a mathematical model is developed and simulated in MATLAB. The simulations validate the concept as the results reveal that the slave is able to perfectly track the master with negligible RMS error and the master is able to perceive haptic feedback. We have also varied the filter length and the characteristics of environmental torque acting on the slave robot in order to analyze their effects on tracking accuracy. The errors remain almost same and the differences in tracking errors comes out to be negligible, with or without external torques in slave robot's environment, indicating effectiveness of the theory in bilateral teleoperation control.
Social media is the collection of different social networks containing different type of information. The information may be in the form of text, video, audio and image. Also various categories of users, various types...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509028474
Social media is the collection of different social networks containing different type of information. The information may be in the form of text, video, audio and image. Also various categories of users, various types of communities are available on social network. This research reports on the extraction of new keywords from messages posted on social media which will be helpful in the identification of various communities, category of user and hidden pattern present in the social media. In this paper, we applied Probalistic approach to recognize the new keywords and assign the group accordingly. State-of-the-art studies performed detection on the basis of existing keywords but the proposed approach take decision based on the existing keywords and also on new keywords extracted from social media.
One of the fundamental properties of an ad hoc network is its connectivity. Maintaining connectivity in wireless networks is extremely difficult due to dynamic changing topology of MANETs. There are several techniques...
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One of the fundamental properties of an ad hoc network is its connectivity. Maintaining connectivity in wireless networks is extremely difficult due to dynamic changing topology of MANETs. There are several techniques to understand the connectivity level for a given network topology. In this paper, we examine the existing methods and discuss the issues and challenges that are still insurmountable in order to enhance the connectivity properties of wireless multi hop networks.
In this paper, a Flyback-Forward converter employing a non-cascading scheme is presented in discontinuous conduction mode. The converter is designed to enhance the duty ratio of over 50%. As a result, the flyback sub-...
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Moment invariants of 3D point distributions may be computed that are ST(scale and translation) invariant, in the same way as 2D moment invariants. Hahn moment is a discrete orthogonal moment which can be a useful set ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467391986
Moment invariants of 3D point distributions may be computed that are ST(scale and translation) invariant, in the same way as 2D moment invariants. Hahn moment is a discrete orthogonal moment which can be a useful set of image feature descriptor. Their higher order moments have better image representation power as compared to legendre and Zernike moments. Hahn moments can be utilized to adaptively extract the global and local information of an image. 3D Hahn moments and their invariants can be used for image analysis and recognition of different 3D images, such as MRI or PET. In this paper, we have introduced TS(translation and scale) invariants of two and three-dimensional Hahn moments. The Experimental results are given in order to consolidate the theoretical derivations.
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