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International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM)

作者： Yanning Lin Jie Chen Ziqian Ding Linxu Chen Le Li Zhongsheng Zhu Zhaoxia Wang Jianqiang Li College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Shenzhen China Gastroenterology Shenzhen Children’s Hospital China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350385724

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385731

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a global chronic intestinal inflammatory disease, and its incidence rate increases year by year with the progress of economic globalization. Currently, the diagnosis of IBD in children mainly relies on endoscopic examination, but scoring endoscopic images is a challenging issue, especially in distinguishing different types of ulcers. To address this issue, this article designs a mobile application to accelerate data annotation processing and may provide reference for other unlabeled datasets. In the context of image segmentation, blurring labels has become an important issue. Deep learning methods are widely used in medical image segmentation, but their accuracy depends on high-quality annotated data. However, there are low-quality noise areas in the annotated data, and obtaining accurate and high-quality annotations becomes more time-consuming with limited annotation budgets. This article proposes a collaborative training framework to improve learning of noisy pixels. This framework determines the label confidence of an image by calculating the similarity between image pixels and surrounding pixels. Then, two parallel deep networks were constructed for semantic prediction, which aimed to guide each other on pixels that may have noise. By applying consistency in dual network prediction, the semantic information of uncertain pixels is corrected as much as possible. Experimental results have shown that this framework is slightly superior to models trained with pixel level precise labels, thus more effectively utilizing existing annotated data in the case of fuzzy labels.

关键词： Training Image segmentation Accuracy Annotations Biological system modeling Semantics Noise Collaboration Colonoscopy Medical diagnostic imaging

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A study on the impact of pre-trained model on Just-In-Time defect prediction

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Guo, Yuxiang Gao, Xiaopeng Zhang, Zhenyu Chan, W.K. Jiang, Bo State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Previous researchers conducting Just-In-Time (JIT) defect prediction tasks have primarily focused on the performance of individual pre-trained models, without exploring the relationship between different pre-trained models as backbones. In this study, we build six models: RoBERTaJIT, CodeBERTJIT, BARTJIT, PLBARTJIT, GPT2JIT, and CodeGPTJIT, each with a distinct pre-trained model as its backbone. We systematically explore the differences and connections between these models. Specifically, we investigate the performance of the models when using Commit code and Commit message as inputs, as well as the relationship between training efficiency and model distribution among these six models. Additionally, we conduct an ablation experiment to explore the sensitivity of each model to inputs. Furthermore, we investigate how the models perform in zero-shot and few-shot scenarios. Our findings indicate that each model based on different backbones shows improvements, and when the backbone’s pre-training model is similar, the training resources that need to be consumed are closer. We also observe that Commit code plays a significant role in defect detection, and different pre-trained models demonstrate better defect detection ability with a balanced dataset under few-shot scenarios. These results provide new insights for optimizing JIT defect prediction tasks using pre-trained models and highlight the factors that require more attention when constructing such models. Additionally, CodeGPTJIT and GPT2JIT achieved better performance than DeepJIT and CC2Vec on the two datasets respectively under 2000 training samples. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of transformer-based pre-trained models in JIT defect prediction tasks, especially in scenarios with limited training data. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Forecasting

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mmMC: A Contactless Wood Moisture Content Measurement system based on COTS FMCW mmWave Radar

mmMC: A Contactless Wood Moisture Content Measurement System...

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IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON)

作者： Xueyang Hu Tian Liu Minarul Islam Tao Shu Department of Broadband Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory China Institute of Agricultural Equipment Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331519186

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519193

Estimation of wood moisture content (MC) is a fundamental aspect of woodworking, construction, and various other industries that rely on the versatile properties of wood. In this paper, we present mmMC, a novel system that estimates the MC of wood by a single commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) mmWave radar, which provides accurate end-to-end real-time wood moisture measurement results while being non-invasive, portable, and flexible in deployment. The proposed system uses a novel target reflection feature (TRF) to determine the reflectivity of the wood, thereby correlating it with specific MC levels. To robustly and accurately estimate the TRF of the wood from the mmWave signal, a signal processing pipeline is proposed. Specifically, an object detection and signal extraction module is designed to resolve the range of the object and eliminate multipath effects of the original signal. Then, a multiple chirps/antennas signals processing module is proposed to obtain a stable TRF from the extracted signals by using signals from different antennas and chirps. The TRF is associated with the MC of wood by a regression to enable real-time MC estimation. Through extensive real-world experiments, we have demonstrated that the proposed system has high accuracy and reliability.

关键词： Reflectivity Accuracy Radar measurements Moisture measurement Pipelines Moisture Reflection Real-time systems Sensors Millimeter wave communication

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Review of Inference Time Prediction Approaches of DNN: Emphasis on Service robots with cloud-edge-device architecture

Review of Inference Time Prediction Approaches of DNN: Empha...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2023

作者： Xiang, Tian Meng, Qiwei Zhang, Ji Zhang, Beibei Song, Wei Xie, Anhuan Gu, Jason Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Innovation Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Intelligent Robotics Hangzhou311100 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong T Stone Robotics Institute Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering Hong Kong Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Research Center for Intelligent Computing Software Hangzhou311100 China Dalhousie University Electrical and Computer Engineering Halifax Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325706

In recent years, the global robot market has witnessed substantial growth, particularly in the domain of service robots. Despite their expanding presence, service robots encounter limitations when operating autonomously in unstructured environments, primarily due to their constrained computational capacities. As a solution, the fusion of cloud and edge computing resources becomes imperative to expedite task inference and enhance scenario perception capabilities. The integration of cloud-edge-device models holds significant promise in bolstering the operational efficiency of robots. This entails the dynamic partitioning of intricate robotic tasks, executed collaboratively across cloud, edge, and device resources. In this landscape, deep neural network (DNN) models play a pivotal role in facilitating a wide array of robotic tasks. The inference time for each layer of a DNN model in actual deployment, emerges as a critical determinant in the model's partitioning strategy. It also serves as an important metric influencing the model's suitability for a specific hardware platform. This article presents an overview of recent advancements in predicting inference and training time of DNN models, summarizes the related methods, and finally discusses the challenges in this field and the research that can be studied in the future. © 2023 IEEE.

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On EDA-Driven Learning for SAT Solving 23

On EDA-Driven Learning for SAT Solving

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Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference

作者： Min Li Zhengyuan Shi Qiuxia Lai Sadaf Khan Shaowei Cai Qiang Xu Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong S.A.R Communication University of China China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

We present DeepSAT, a novel end-to-end learning framework for the Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem. Unlike existing solutions trained on random SAT instances with relatively weak supervision, we propose applying the knowledge of the well-developed electronic design automation (EDA) field for SAT solving. Specifically, we first resort to logic synthesis algorithms to pre-process SAT instances into optimized and-inverter graphs (AIGs). By doing so, the distribution diversity among various SAT instances can be dramatically reduced, which facilitates improving the generalization capability of the learned model. Next, we regard the distribution of SAT solutions being a product of conditional Bernoulli distributions. Based on this observation, we approximate the SAT solving procedure with a conditional generative model, leveraging a novel directed acyclic graph neural network (DAGNN) with two polarity prototypes for conditional SAT modeling. To effectively train the generative model, with the help of logic simulation tools, we obtain the probabilities of nodes in the AIG being logic '1' as rich supervision. We conduct comprehensive experiments on various SAT problems. Our results show that, DeepSAT achieves significant accuracy improvements over state-of-the-art learning-based SAT solutions, especially when generalized to SAT instances that are relatively large or with diverse distributions.

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Adaptive watermark generation mechanism based on time series prediction for stream processing

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Frontiers of computer Science 2021年第6期15卷 59-73页

作者： Yang SONG Yunchun LI Hailong YANG Jun XU Zerong LUAN Wei LI Sino-German Joint Software Institute Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Science and Technology on Space System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center Beijing 100854China College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100083China

The data stream processing framework processes the stream data based on event-time to ensure that the request can be responded to in *** reality,streaming data usually arrives out-of-order due to factors such as network *** data stream processing framework commonly adopts the watermark mechanism to address the data *** is a special kind of data inserted into the data stream with a timestamp,which helps the framework to decide whether the data received is late and thus be *** watermark generation strategies are periodic;they cannot dynamically adjust the watermark distribution to balance the responsiveness and *** paper proposes an adaptive watermark generation mechanism based on the time series prediction model to address the above *** mechanism dynamically adjusts the frequency and timing of watermark distribution using the disordered data ratio and other lateness properties of the data stream to improve the system responsiveness while ensuring acceptable result *** implement the proposed mechanism on top of Flink and evaluate it with realworld *** experiment results show that our mechanism is superior to the existing watermark distribution strategies in terms of both system responsiveness and result accuracy.

关键词： data stream processing watermark time series based prediction dynamic adjustment

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Fuzzy Granule Density-Based Outlier Detection with Multi-Scale Granular Balls

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gao, Can Tan, Xiaofeng Zhou, Jie Ding, Weiping Pedrycz, Witold The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen518060 China The National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Nantong University Nantong226019 China The Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau Macau999078 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia The Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Istanbul Turkey

Outlier detection refers to the identification of anomalous samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data and has been extensively studied and used in a variety of practical tasks. However, most unsupervised outlier detection methods are carefully designed to detect specified outliers, while real-world data may be entangled with different types of outliers. In this study, we propose a fuzzy rough sets-based multi-scale outlier detection method to identify various types of outliers. Specifically, a novel fuzzy rough sets-based method that integrates relative fuzzy granule density is first introduced to improve the capability of detecting local outliers. Then, a multi-scale view generation method based on granular-ball computing is proposed to collaboratively identify group outliers at different levels of granularity. Moreover, reliable outliers and inliers determined by the three-way decision are used to train a weighted support vector machine to further improve the performance of outlier detection. The proposed method innovatively transforms unsupervised outlier detection into a semi-supervised classification problem and for the first time explores the fuzzy rough sets-based outlier detection from the perspective of multi-scale granular balls, allowing for high adaptability to different types of outliers. Extensive experiments carried out on both artificial and UCI datasets demonstrate that the proposed outlier detection method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, improving the results by at least 8.48% in terms of the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUROC) index. The source codes are released at https://***/Xiaofeng-Tan/MGBOD. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Granulation

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Precise Timing over Beyond 5G Networks for Intelligent Transport in the Smart City

Precise Timing over Beyond 5G Networks for Intelligent Trans...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Hongxing Li Guochu Shou Yaqiong Liu Yihong Hu State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology School of Computer Science (National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350362244

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362251

The need for precise timing is increasing with the development of the smart city, and intelligent transport is a key application that often relies on the distribution of accurate timing. Existing time synchronization solutions cannot adequately meet the precise timing needs for practical applications in intelligent transportation. Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS) signals, for instance, can be obstructed, weakened, or deflected in urban canyon environments. While certain sectors like telecommunications and smart grids have successfully adopted IEEE 1588 for high-precision time synchronization, its dependence on standalone networks and limited application within local area networks poses challenges when catering to the wide-ranging and mobile demands of intelligent transportation applications. This paper categorizes the time synchronization requirements of intelligent transport and proposes a time synchronization scheme over converged networks, which separates time transmission and precision compensation based on software-defined networking (SDN) principles, and makes it possible to provide precise timing for intelligent transport devices, including on-board units (OBUs) and roadside units (RSUs), over wired and wireless communication networks. Experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme achieves a relative time error of less than 1.2 microseconds over the converged networks.

关键词： Wireless communication Global navigation satellite system Accuracy Smart cities Transportation Telecommunications Smart grids Synchronization software defined networking Local area networks

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Investigating Efficacy of Perplexity in Detecting LLM-Generated Code

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Jinwei Zhang, He Yang, Yanjin Cheng, Zeru Lyu, Jun Liu, Bohan Zhou, Xin Yang, Lanxin Bacchelli, Alberto Chiam, Yin Kia Chiew, Thiam Kian State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Software Institute Nanjing University Nanjing210008 China Department of Informatics University of Zürich Zürich8006 Switzerland Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia

Large language model-generated code (LLMgCode) has become increasingly prevalent in software development. Many studies report that LLMgCode has more quality and security issues than human-authored code (HaCode). It is common for LLMgCode to mix with HaCode in a code change, while the change is signed by only human developers, without being carefully checked. Many automated methods have been proposed to detect LLMgCode from HaCode, in which the perplexity-based method (PERPLEXITY for short) is the state-of-the-art method. However, the efficacy evaluation of PERPLEXITY has focused on the detection accuracy. In this article, we are interested in whether PERPLEXITY is good enough in a wider range of realistic evaluation settings. To this end, we devise a large-scale dataset that includes 11,664 HaCode snippets and 13,164 LLMgCode snippets, and based on that, we carry out a family of experiments to compare PERPLEXITY against feature-based and pre-training-based methods from three perspectives: (1) detection accuracy in terms of programming language, degree of difficulty, and scale of solution, (2) generalization capability, and (3) inference efficiency. The experimental results show that PERPLEXITY has the best generalization capability while it has low accuracy and efficiency in most cases. Based on the experimental results and detection mechanism of PERPLEXITY, we discuss implications into both the strengths and limitations of PERPLEXITY, e.g., PERPLEXITY is unsuitable for high-level programming languages while it has good interpretability. As the first large-scale investigation on detecting LLMgCode from HaCode, this article provides a wide range of evidence for future improvement. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： High level languages

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Iterative Optimal Attention and Local Model for Single Image Rain Streak Removal

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Xiangyu Fan, Wanshu Shen, Yue Wang, Cong Wang, Wei Yang, Xin Zhang, Qiang Zhou, Dongsheng National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Computer Aided Design School of Software Engineering Dalian University Dalian China Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Cyber Science and Technology Sun Yat-Sen University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Computer Aided Design School of Software Engineering Dalian University School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Dalian China

High-fidelity imaging is crucial for the successful safety supervision and intelligent deployment of vision-based measurement systems (VBMS). It ensures high-quality imaging in VBMS, which is fundamental for reliable visual measurement and analysis. However, imaging quality can be significantly impaired by adverse weather conditions, particularly rain, leading to blurred images and reduced contrast. Such impairments increase the risk of inaccurate evaluations and misinterpretations in VBMS. To address these limitations, we propose an Expectation Maximization Reconstruction Transformer (EMResformer) for single image rain streak removal. The EMResformer retains the key self-attention values for feature aggregation, enhancing local features to produce superior image reconstruction. Specifically, we propose an Expectation Maximization Block seamlessly integrated into the single image rain streak removal network, enhancing its ability to eliminate superfluous information and restore a cleaner background image. Additionally, to further enhance local information for improved detail rendition, we introduce a Local Model Residual Block, which integrates two local model blocks along with a sequence of convolutions and activation functions. This integration synergistically facilitates the extraction of more pertinent features for enhanced single image rain streak removal. Extensive experiments validate that our proposed EMResformer surpasses current state-of-the-art single image rain streak removal methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets, achieving an improved balance between model complexity and single image deraining performance. Furthermore, we evaluate the effectiveness of our method in VBMS scenarios, demonstrating that high-quality imaging significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of VBMS tasks. Codes are at https://***/ghfkahfk/EMResformer. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rain

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