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International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'02)

作者： Yang, X.K. Zhu, C. Li, Z.G. Feng, G.N. Wu, S. Ling, N. Signal Processing Program Lab. for Information Technology Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 United States

This paper presents an unequal error protection scheme for motion compensated video over the Internet. The forward error correction (FEC) codes are optimally assigned to different frames in group of picture (GOP) by exploiting the temporal dependency among frames. To achieve optimal allocation of FEC assigned in GOP, we propose a performance criterion for the measurement of allocation, namely the expected length of error propagation (ELEP), which makes sense intuitively, as fewer frames corrupted implies better quality of reconstruction. Experiment results show the proposed scheme is robust to burst packet loss in the Internet. More importantly, graceful degradation of video quality is achieved by the proposed scheme as the packet loss probability of an Internet connection increases.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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A router based unequal error control scheme for video over the internet

A router based unequal error control scheme for video over t...

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International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP'02)

作者： Li, Z.G. Zhu, C. Yang, X.K. Feng, G.N. Wu, S. Feng, Pan Ling, N. Signal Processing Program Lab. for Information Technology Singapore Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA 95053 United States

This paper presents a router based unequal error protection scheme for video over the Internet. The proposed scheme classifies the whole bitstream into two priorities according to their importance and packetizes them into packets with two priorities. To reduce the loss ratio of video packets with higher priority, an active queue management scheme is designed at each router to provide more chance for these packets to transmit over the Internet. Compared to an end-to-end based approach, in which some redundancy packets are generated to protect the packets with higher priority, our proposed scheme utilizes the whole bandwidth for the source coding. Therefore, the final picture quality is improved.

关键词： Routers

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Adaptation of current signals with floating-gate circuits

Adaptation of current signals with floating-gate circuits

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作者： Pesavento, Alberto Horiuchi, Timothy Diorio, Chris Koch, Christof Department of Electrical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-2350 United States Computation and Neural Systems Program California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 United States

In this paper we present a new, adaptive spatial-derivative circuit for CMOS image sensors. The circuit removes its offset as a natural part of its operation using a combination of electron tunneling and hot-electron injection to add or remove charge on a floating-gate of an auto-zeroing amplifier. We designed, fabricated and successfully tested a chip with the circuit. Test results show that the circuit reduces the offsets by more than an order of magnitude.

关键词： Image sensors

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Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

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The Thirty-Sixth Asilomar Conference on Signals Systems and computers

作者： Yue, Jiang Gibson, Jerry D. Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX 75275 United States Media Arts Technology Program Electrical and Computer Engineering Univ. of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106-6065 United States

Combined with antenna diversity, space-time coding is an attractive candidate for high-rate transmission systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In this paper, we propose space-time block coded OFDM systems that use training symbols coded by STBC. We use two training symbols at the beginning of each of two OFDM frames that are simultaneously transmitted from two corresponding transmit antennas. Based on the orthogonality of space-time block codes, we perform channel estimation by using training symbols, and compare to EM-based channel estimation methods. From the simulation results, we observe that our space-time block coding technique offers a good approach to channel estimation and better signal quality than the EM-based method.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Potential benefits of implementing load control

Potential benefits of implementing load control

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IEEE Winter Meeting Power engineering Society

作者： M. Ilic J.W. Black J.L. Watz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology Management and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373227

The design of wholesale electricity markets through deregulation has focused almost exclusively on the development of competitive supply (generation). The demand side of the market has been virtually ignored. Mostly, this is due to the assumption that electricity demand is almost completely inelastic. As a result, deregulated wholesale markets universally fail to pass price signals down to the end-users. This paper challenges the assumption of inelastic demand by exploring the potential benefits of implementing a simple load control scheme. This load control scheme allows consumers to shift demand from high priced hours to low priced hours during the day. The benefits to the individual consumer are explored through an example applied to residential air conditioning using price and demand data from California. This example shows that "smart" use of air conditioning can lead to great savings for residential consumers, without sacrificing comfort. The potential for multiple consumers implementing load control to reduce wholesale prices is also examined.

关键词： Load flow control Aggregates Electricity supply industry Power generation Electricity supply industry deregulation Air conditioning Energy management Energy consumption Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory

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A router based unequal error control scheme for video over the Internet

A router based unequal error control scheme for video over t...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Z.G. Li C. Zhu X.K. Yang G.N. Feng S. Wu Pan Feng N. Ling Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

关键词： Error correction Internet Error correction codes Redundancy Bandwidth Propagation losses Source coding Decoding Video signal processing Laboratories

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Guest editors' introduction: Biocomputation

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Computing in Science and engineering 2002年第1期4卷 18-18页

作者： Kumar, Srikanta Sastry, Shankar Biocomputation Program DARPA's Information Technology Office United States 3701 N. Fairfax Dr. Arlington VA 22203 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA United States 231 Cory Hall Dept. of Electrical Eng. and Computer Sciences Univ. of California Berkeley CA 947201-770 United States

The juxtaposition of computation and biology opens up a new world of science and technology. Richard Feynman characterizes the young and fast-developing world of computer science as follows: "[it] is like engineering-it is all about getting something to do something."1 Viewed from this perspective, the scope of research and development at this intersection is a vast, two-way street that computer science has to offer to biological science and biotechnology and vice versa. Computational thinking helps characterize, predict, and influence the dynamics of biological processes from molecular to cellular to organ in a way that revolutionizes our understanding of health and drug design. In turn, understanding the architecture and principles of natural biological processes and organization might require new models of computation, which could lead to robustness in the design of large-scale software and hardware systems, a hitherto elusive goal.

关键词： Biology computing DNA Biological system modeling computer science Biological processes Drugs Computational modeling Genetics Genomics Bioinformatics

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Unequal error protection for motion compensated video streaming over the Internet

Unequal error protection for motion compensated video stream...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： X.K. Yang C. Zhu Z.G. Li G.N. Feng S. Wu N. Ling Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

关键词： Error correction codes Streaming media Internet Forward error correction computer errors Robustness Degradation Propagation losses Video compression Encoding

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Adaptive unequal error control for video over the Internet

Adaptive unequal error control for video over the Internet

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Z.G. Li N. Ling C. Zhu X.K. Yang G.N. Feng S. Wu Pan Feng Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

We propose an adaptive unequal error protection scheme to help protect a video stream over the Internet. The data partition approach and the resynchronization marker are applied to generate two types of packets with different importance. Our scheme is very adaptive to network traffic conditions and can be easily implemented via software. With the proposed scheme, more protection is provided for the more important packets. The final quality can therefore be improved at a higher packet loss ratio.

关键词： programmable control Adaptive control Error correction Internet Redundancy Protection Error correction codes Streaming media Concatenated codes Adaptive signal processing

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Degressive error protection algorithm for MPEG-4 FGS video streaming

Degressive error protection algorithm for MPEG-4 FGS video s...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

This paper presents a novel degressive error protection (DEP) algorithm adaptive to time varying packet loss rate for robustly transporting MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) bit-stream over the packet erasure networks. By exploiting the embedded nature of FGS enhancement-layer bit-stream, a rate-distortion (R-D) optimization framework is developed to optimally partition the FGS enhancement-layer bit-stream into blocks and then to apply DEP to blocks by forward error correction (FEC). Experimental results show that this algorithm achieves graceful degradation of video quality in a wide range of packet loss rates.

关键词： Protection MPEG 4 Standard Streaming media Error correction codes Forward error correction Signal processing algorithms Degradation computer errors Partitioning algorithms Scalability

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