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IEEE Winter Meeting Power engineering Society

作者： M. Ilic J.W. Black J.L. Watz Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology Management and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA Engineering Systems Division in the Technology and Policy Program MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780373227

The design of wholesale electricity markets through deregulation has focused almost exclusively on the development of competitive supply (generation). The demand side of the market has been virtually ignored. Mostly, this is due to the assumption that electricity demand is almost completely inelastic. As a result, deregulated wholesale markets universally fail to pass price signals down to the end-users. This paper challenges the assumption of inelastic demand by exploring the potential benefits of implementing a simple load control scheme. This load control scheme allows consumers to shift demand from high priced hours to low priced hours during the day. The benefits to the individual consumer are explored through an example applied to residential air conditioning using price and demand data from California. This example shows that "smart" use of air conditioning can lead to great savings for residential consumers, without sacrificing comfort. The potential for multiple consumers implementing load control to reduce wholesale prices is also examined.

关键词： Load flow control Aggregates Electricity supply industry Power generation Electricity supply industry deregulation Air conditioning Energy management Energy consumption Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory

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A router based unequal error control scheme for video over the Internet

A router based unequal error control scheme for video over t...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Z.G. Li C. Zhu X.K. Yang G.N. Feng S. Wu Pan Feng N. Ling Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

This paper presents a router based unequal error protection scheme for video over the Internet. The proposed scheme classifies the whole bitstream into two priorities according to their importance and packetizes them into packets with two priorities. To reduce the loss ratio of video packets with higher priority, an active queue management scheme is designed at each router to provide more chance for these packets to transmit over the Internet. Compared to an end-to-end based approach, in which some redundancy packets are generated to protect the packets with higher priority, our proposed scheme utilizes the whole bandwidth for the source coding. Therefore, the final picture quality is improved.

关键词： Error correction Internet Error correction codes Redundancy Bandwidth Propagation losses Source coding Decoding Video signal processing Laboratories

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Guest editors' introduction: Biocomputation

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Computing in Science and engineering 2002年第1期4卷 18-18页

作者： Kumar, Srikanta Sastry, Shankar Biocomputation Program DARPA's Information Technology Office United States 3701 N. Fairfax Dr. Arlington VA 22203 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley CA United States 231 Cory Hall Dept. of Electrical Eng. and Computer Sciences Univ. of California Berkeley CA 947201-770 United States

The juxtaposition of computation and biology opens up a new world of science and technology. Richard Feynman characterizes the young and fast-developing world of computer science as follows: "[it] is like engineering-it is all about getting something to do something."1 Viewed from this perspective, the scope of research and development at this intersection is a vast, two-way street that computer science has to offer to biological science and biotechnology and vice versa. Computational thinking helps characterize, predict, and influence the dynamics of biological processes from molecular to cellular to organ in a way that revolutionizes our understanding of health and drug design. In turn, understanding the architecture and principles of natural biological processes and organization might require new models of computation, which could lead to robustness in the design of large-scale software and hardware systems, a hitherto elusive goal.

关键词： Biology computing DNA Biological system modeling computer science Biological processes Drugs Computational modeling Genetics Genomics Bioinformatics

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Unequal error protection for motion compensated video streaming over the Internet

Unequal error protection for motion compensated video stream...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： X.K. Yang C. Zhu Z.G. Li G.N. Feng S. Wu N. Ling Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

This paper presents an unequal error protection scheme for motion compensated video over the Internet. The forward error correction (FEC) codes are optimally assigned to different frames in group of picture (GOP) by exploiting the temporal dependency among frames. To achieve optimal allocation of FEC assigned in GOP, we propose a performance criterion for the measurement of allocation, namely the expected length of error propagation (ELEP), which makes sense intuitively, as fewer frames corrupted implies better quality of reconstruction. Experiment results show the proposed scheme is robust to burst packet loss in the Internet. More importantly, graceful degradation of video quality is achieved by the proposed scheme as the packet loss probability of an Internet connection increases.

关键词： Error correction codes Streaming media Internet Forward error correction computer errors Robustness Degradation Propagation losses Video compression Encoding

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Adaptive unequal error control for video over the Internet

Adaptive unequal error control for video over the Internet

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Z.G. Li N. Ling C. Zhu X.K. Yang G.N. Feng S. Wu Pan Feng Signal Processing Program Laboratories for Information Technology Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

We propose an adaptive unequal error protection scheme to help protect a video stream over the Internet. The data partition approach and the resynchronization marker are applied to generate two types of packets with different importance. Our scheme is very adaptive to network traffic conditions and can be easily implemented via software. With the proposed scheme, more protection is provided for the more important packets. The final quality can therefore be improved at a higher packet loss ratio.

关键词： programmable control Adaptive control Error correction Internet Redundancy Protection Error correction codes Streaming media Concatenated codes Adaptive signal processing

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Degressive error protection algorithm for MPEG-4 FGS video streaming

Degressive error protection algorithm for MPEG-4 FGS video s...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

This paper presents a novel degressive error protection (DEP) algorithm adaptive to time varying packet loss rate for robustly transporting MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) bit-stream over the packet erasure networks. By exploiting the embedded nature of FGS enhancement-layer bit-stream, a rate-distortion (R-D) optimization framework is developed to optimally partition the FGS enhancement-layer bit-stream into blocks and then to apply DEP to blocks by forward error correction (FEC). Experimental results show that this algorithm achieves graceful degradation of video quality in a wide range of packet loss rates.

关键词： Protection MPEG 4 Standard Streaming media Error correction codes Forward error correction Signal processing algorithms Degradation computer errors Partitioning algorithms Scalability

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Adaptive rate control for real time video coding process

Adaptive rate control for real time video coding process

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International Workshop on Digital and Computational Video (DCV)

作者： Z.G. Li N. Ling G.N. Feng F. Pan K.P. Lim S. Wu Laboratories for Information Technology Signal Processing Program Singapore Department of Computer Engineering Santa Clara University Santa Clara CA USA

The demand for a live video over the Internet and wireless links has grown rapidly. Therefore, it is very important to design a video compression system adaptive to variable network conditions. We propose an adaptive rate control scheme, which can be applied to design a video compression system adaptive to the available channel bandwidth. This scheme is better than existing schemes in the sense that the coding process is adaptive to the network condition, fewer frames are skipped, and the average PSNR is usually improved.

关键词： programmable control Adaptive control Video coding Bandwidth Video compression Adaptive systems Bit rate Internet Wireless sensor networks Adaptive signal processing

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Adaptive navigation for learners in hypermedia is scaffolded navigation

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2nd International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems, AH 2002

作者： Hübscher, Roland Puntambekar, Sadhana Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University 107 Dunstan Hall Auburn AL 36849-5347 United States School of Education Program in Instructional Media and Technology University of Connecticut U-64 249 Glenbrook Ave. Storrs CT 06269-2004 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540437371

Adaptive navigation support can be of great help in large hypermedia systems supporting learners as well as users searching for specific information. A wide variety of adaptive mechanisms have been implemented in existing adaptive hypermedia systems that provide better and better suggestions to the user what hyperlinks to follow. We suggest that adaptive navigation support should scaffold a learner in an educational hypermedia system to select the appropriate links. We show that this implies that selecting a link is an educationally relevant activity that should not always be reduced to a trivial task by powerful adaptive mechanisms. It follows that learners require sometimes different kinds of adaptive navigation support than users looking for information. Finally, we will suggest how to extend current mechanisms to provide scaffolded navigation support to learners. © 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Hypermedia systems

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Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

Performance of a space-time block coded OFDM system

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Jiang Yue J.D. Gibson Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA Media Arts Technology Program and Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

Combined with antenna diversity, space-time coding is an attractive candidate for high-rate transmission systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. We propose space-time block coded OFDM systems that use training symbols coded by STBC. We use two training symbols at the beginning of each of two OFDM frames that are simultaneously transmitted from two corresponding transmit antennas. Based on the orthogonality of space-time block codes, we perform channel estimation by using training symbols, and compare to EM-based channel estimation methods. From the simulation results, we observe that our space-time block coding technique offers a good approach to channel estimation and better signal quality than the EM-based method.

关键词： OFDM Channel estimation Transmitting antennas Block codes Transmitters Diversity reception Fading Frequency conversion PROM Diversity methods

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The importance of nonlinear order in modeling intermodulation distortion and spectral regrowth

The importance of nonlinear order in modeling intermodulatio...

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IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS formerly RAWCON)

作者： K.M. Gharaibeh K. Gard H. Gutierrez M.B. Steer Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh USA Qualcomm CDMA Technologies Inc. Diego USA Mechanical Engineering Program Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne USA

Modeling of distortion in nonlinear RF and microwave amplifiers requires high order nonlinear modeling to capture behavior with digitally modulated signals but only low order modeling to capture the response with discrete spectra as in two-tone testing. This paper establishes model order requirements for successful behavioral modeling for system explorations.

关键词： Intermodulation distortion Digital modulation Nonlinear distortion Radiofrequency amplifiers RF signals Radio frequency Testing Distortion measurement Signal processing Strontium

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