Non-invasive vibration measurements from the knee offer a convenient and affordable alternative to benchtop or biomechanics lab joint health monitoring systems. Recently, joint acoustic emissions (JAEs) measured from ...
Non-invasive vibration measurements from the knee offer a convenient and affordable alternative to benchtop or biomechanics lab joint health monitoring systems. Recently, joint acoustic emissions (JAEs) measured from the knee were shown to be an indicator of knee health. However, the origin of JAEs is still not fully understood, which limits its acceptance and use by clinical experts. In this proof-of-concept study, rather than relying on the movements of the knee and corresponding frictional rubbing of internal surfaces to produce vibrations, we propose using an active vibration sensing approach with a known vibration source interrogating the knee. We aim to elucidate the linkage between knee vibration characteristics and structural changes in the joint following injuries. We measured tibial vibration responses of two participants using a laser vibrometer system to quantify the frequency band where the most repeatable tibial vibration measurement can be taken. Subsequently, a custom-designed wearable system measured mid-activity tibial vibration characteristics from four participants (five healthy knees and three knees with prior acute injury) during unloaded knee flexion-extensions. An active sensing knee health score was defined as the ratio of the changes in low- to high-frequency response during flexion-extension. Since changes in the boundary of tibia would alter low-frequency response more than high frequency response, we found that increased knee laxity with acute injuries resulted in an increased active sensing knee health score. Our findings demonstrate the potential of active vibration sensing as an interpretable, computationally inexpensive alternative to JAEs for wearable knee health assessment.
This research introduces a pioneering framework for flame, smoke detection, and personnel monitoring, developed to address the increasing frequency of fire-related incidents in Taiwan. These incidents have caused sign...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350366976
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350366983
This research introduces a pioneering framework for flame, smoke detection, and personnel monitoring, developed to address the increasing frequency of fire-related incidents in Taiwan. These incidents have caused significant loss of life and property damage. To tackle these issues, we employ YOLOv4-Tiny and DeepSort technologies to detect flames, smoke, and monitor personnel within surveillance footage, providing essential information to users. Unlike previous studies, this system integrates flame and smoke detection with personnel monitoring, enhancing rescue efficiency and ensuring personnel safety. During testing, the system effectively analyzed danger levels, monitored personnel, and provided necessary information. However, smoke can reduce the accuracy of personnel monitoring, so future research will aim to improve this issue and optimize the detection and identification of individuals moving between different footage. In summary, this investigation proposes a system that analyzes danger levels and monitors personnel in fire scenes. A survey of firefighters and security personnel concluded that this system helps improve rescue efficiency and reduce personnel loss due to fire incidents.
Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization in the graph domain is challenging due to complex distribution shifts and a lack of environmental contexts. Recent methods attempt to enhance graph OOD generalization by genera...
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Microalgae possess significant advantages in nitrogen and phosphorus removal from nutrient-rich wastewater that are highly efficient and independent of the C/N ratio. However, challenges such as low biomass productivi...
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We developed a dual optical/x-ray ultrafast photodetector based on in-house grown Cdo * Mg0.03Te single crystals. The detector is characterized by ~200 ps full-width-at-half-maximum, readout-electronics limited photor...
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Recently, Wang et al. proposed a computationally transferable authenticated key agreement protocol for smart healthcare by adopting the certificateless public-key cryptography. They claimed that their protocol could e...
Recently, Wang et al. proposed a computationally transferable authenticated key agreement protocol for smart healthcare by adopting the certificateless public-key cryptography. They claimed that their protocol could ensure privacy, resist various attacks, and possess superior properties. After analyzing their protocol, we find that it suffers from some flaws. Firstly, user privacy is not ensured as claimed. Secondly, some statements are inaccurate or missing. Thirdly, it cannot resist DoS attack. In this paper, the details of how these flaws threaten Wang et al.’s protocol are shown.
Recent studies of genotype-phenotype maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption ...
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Recent studies of genotype-phenotype maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in the spin-glass ground state search problem, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness.
This article was updated to correct Minghao Zhang’s affiliation from "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA" to "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, Th...
Ultrawide bandgap AlN is a highly attractive material for power and radio frequency electronics. Unipolar n-AlN Schottky barrier diodes have demonstrated their strengths, whereas further development of AlN-based bipol...
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Motion planning for many unmanned aircraft is challenging because they have a larger configuration space than self-driving automobile development (Automated guided vehicles). Additionally, there are more significant u...
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