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arXiv 2021年

作者： Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Kim, Dong In Miao, Chunyan The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Recently, Metaverse has attracted increasing attention from both industry and academia, because of the significant potential to integrate real and digital worlds ever more seamlessly. By combining advanced wireless communications, edge computing and virtual reality (VR) technologies into Metaverse, a multidimensional, intelligent and powerful wireless edge Metaverse is created for future human society. In this paper, we design a privacy preserving targeted advertising strategy for the wireless edge Metaverse. Specifically, a Metaverse service provider (MSP) allocates bandwidth to the VR users so that the users can access Metaverse from edge access points. To protect users’ privacy, the covert communication technique is used in the downlink. Then, the MSP can offer high-quality access services to earn more profits. Motivated by the concept of "covert", targeted advertising is used to promote the sale of bandwidth and ensure that the advertising strategy cannot be detected by competitors who may make counter-offer and by attackers who want to disrupt the services. We derive the best advertising strategy in terms of budget input, with the help of the Vidale-Wolfe model and Hamiltonian function. Furthermore, we propose a novel metric named Meta-Immersion to represent the user’s experience feelings. The performance evaluation shows that the MSP can boost its revenue with an optimal targeted advertising strategy, especially compared with that without the advertising. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Bandwidth

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FaSTrack:A Modular Framework for Real-Time Motion Planning and Guaranteed Safe Tracking

FaSTrack:A Modular Framework for Real-Time Motion Planning a...

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作者： Chen, Mo Herbert, Sylvia L. Hu, Haimin Pu, Ye Fisac, Jaime Fernandez Bansal, Somil Han, Soojean Tomlin, Claire J. School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University BurnabyBCV5A 1S6 Canada Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92122 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08536 United States Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94704 United States Control and Dynamical Systems Program California Institute of Technology Los AngelesCA90019 United States

Real-time, guaranteed safe trajectory planning is vital for navigation in unknown environments. However, real-time navigation algorithms typically sacrifice robustness for computation speed. Alternatively, provably safe trajectory planning tends to be too computationally intensive for real-time replanning. We propose FaSTrack, Fast and Safe Tracking, a framework that achieves both real-time replanning and guaranteed safety. In this framework, real-time computation is achieved by allowing any trajectory planner to use a simplified planning model of the system. The plan is tracked by the system, represented by a more realistic, higher dimensional tracking model. We precompute the tracking error bound (TEB) due to mismatch between the two models and due to external disturbances. We also obtain the corresponding tracking controller used to stay within the TEB. The precomputation does not require prior knowledge of the environment. We demonstrate FaSTrack using Hamilton-Jacobi reachability for precomputation and three different real-time trajectory planners with three different tracking-planning model pairs. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Stability, metallicity, and magnetism in niobium silicide nanofilms

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Physical Review Materials 2022年第6期6卷 064402-064402页

作者： Xuezeng Lu Dominic P. Goronzy Carlos G. Torres-Castanedo Paul Masih Das Maryam Kazemzadeh-Atoufi Anthony McFadden Corey Rae H. McRae Peter W. Voorhees Vinayak P. Dravid Michael J. Bedzyk Mark C. Hersam James M. Rondinelli Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder Colorado 80305 USA Department of Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental Center (NUANCE) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

Modern superconducting qubits based on two-dimensional (2D) transmons typically involve the growth of Nb thin films on high-resistivity Si substrates. Since imperfections at the Nb-Si heterointerface have been implicated as a source of two-level systems that limit quantum coherence times, detailed characterization and understanding of niobium silicide interfacial layers are critical to improving superconducting qubit technology. While bulk binary intermetallic niobium silicide phases are well understood, the thermodynamic phase stability and properties of ultrathin niobium silicides, such as those found at the Nb-Si heterointerface in 2D transmons, have not yet been explored. Here, we report finite-sized effects for ultrathin niobium silicide films using density functional theory calculations and predict nanoscale stabilization of Nb6Si5 over the bulk α−Nb5Si3 phase. This result is consistent with our experimental observations of a niobium silicide interfacial layer between a sputtered Nb thin film and the underlying Si substrate. Furthermore, our calculations show that Nb6Si5 nanofilms are nonmagnetic, making them superior to nanofilms of α−Nb5Si3 that exhibit antiferromagnetic correlations detrimental to long coherence times in superconducting qubits. By providing atomic-scale insight into niobium silicide nanofilms, this paper can help guide ongoing efforts to optimize Nb-Si heterointerfaces for long coherence times in superconducting qubits.

关键词： Interface & surface thermodynamics Interfaces Superconducting qubits Thin films Density functional theory

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Renewable Biodiesel Production from Oleaginous Yeast Biomass Using Industrial Wastes

Renewable Biodiesel Production from Oleaginous Yeast Biomass...

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2019 Research, Invention, and Innovation Congress, RI2C 2019

作者： Kongruang, Sasithorn Roytrakul, Sittiruk Sriariyanun, Malinee Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Center Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut' S University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Chemical and Process Engineering Program Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

The accumulation lipid from oleaginous microorganisms is recognized as a second generation fuel. Biooil is known to as intracellular product of oily yeast utilizing various carbon substrates and converting different quantities of lipids in the form of triacylglycerols. This second generation fuel can be used to make biodiesel via a transesterification process. This study investigated the morphological characteristics of eight strains of Thai oleaginous yeasts via microscopy and analyzed the fatty acid profiling of yeasts cultured in three carbon sources: glucose, sugar cane molasses and crude glycerol in order to estimate biodiesel properties. To approach this goal, batch fermentations were used to culture eight yeast strains, Rhodosporidium toruloides TISTR 5123, TISTR 5154, TISTR 5149, Yarrowia lipolytica TISTR 5054, TISTR 5151, TISTR 5621, Rhodotorula glutinis TISTR 5159 and Rhodotorula graminis TISTR 5124 for 96 h under 30°C at 250 rpm. Result revealed that eight yeast strains contained significant amounts of fatty acids and lipids and accumulated mainly palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2), and they are suitable for the production of biodiesel. Fatty acid productions and profiles indicated that these yeast strains can be potentially used as the triacylglycerols producers for biodiesel production. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Lipids

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Loss tangent fluctuations due to two-level systems in superconducting microwave resonators

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Vallières, André Russell, Megan E. You, Xinyuan Garcia-Wetten, David A. Goronzy, Dominic P. Walker, Mitchell J. Bedzyk, Michael J. Hersam, Mark C. Romanenko, Alexander Lu, Yao Grassellino, Anna Koch, Jens McRae, Corey Rae H. Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Electrical Computing and Energy Engineering Department University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States

Superconducting microwave resonators are critical to quantum computing and sensing technologies. Additionally, they are common proxies for superconducting qubits when determining the effects of performance-limiting loss mechanisms such as from two-level systems (TLS). The extraction of these loss mechanisms is often performed by measuring the internal quality factor Qi as a function of power or temperature. In this work, we investigate large temporal fluctuations of Qi at low powers over periods of 12 to 16 hours (relative standard deviation σQi/Qi = 13%). These fluctuations are ubiquitous across multiple resonators, chips and cooldowns. We are able to attribute these fluctuations to variations in the TLS loss tangent due to two main indicators. First, measured fluctuations decrease as power and temperature increase. Second, for interleaved measurements, we observe correlations between low- and medium-power Qi fluctuations and an absence of correlations with high-power fluctuations. Agreement with the TLS loss tangent mean is obtained by performing measurements over a time span of a few hours. We hypothesize that, in addition to decoherence due to coupling to individual near-resonant TLS, superconducting qubits are affected by these observed TLS loss tangent fluctuations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

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Improving Clinical NLP Performance through Language Model-Generated Synthetic Clinical Data

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Shan Gallifant, Jack Guevara, Marco Gao, Yanjun Afshar, Majid Miller, Timothy Dligach, Dmitriy Bitterman, Danielle S. Program Mass General Brigham Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Radiation Oncology Brigham and Women's Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA United States Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Institute for Medical Engineering and Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Critical Care Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Trust London United Kingdom Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health MadisonWI United States Department of Computer Science Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL United States

Brief communication 70 words: Generative models have been showing potential for producing data in mass. This study explores the enhancement of clinical natural language processing performance by utilizing synthetic data generated from advanced language models. Promising results show feasible applications in such a high-stakes domain. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Electrochemical biosensor based on an atomic layered composite of graphene oxide/graphene as an electrode material towards selective and sensitive detection of miRNA-21

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Microchemical Journal 2024年 199卷

作者： Huang, Min-Shin Govindasamy, Mani Chinnapaiyan, Sathishkumar Lin, Yi-Ting Lu, Shao-Yang Samukawa, Seiji Huang, Chi-Hsien Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24303 Taiwan Centre for Applied Research Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Chennai-602105 Tamil Nadu India Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Division of Rheumatology Allergy and Immunology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City 33305 Taiwan College of Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan City 33302 Taiwan

Development of an efficient technique towards the detection of miRNAs is highly significant for the timely diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. In this study, we utilized the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique to grow bilayer graphene (BLG) on copper foil and subsequently transferred the BLG to fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate via a facile wet transfer technique. The upper layer of the BLG was modified to graphene oxide (GO) with a low damage plasma treatment (LDPT) process to serve as a biomolecule receiving layer and the lower graphene layer (G) serves as an electron transport layer. The developed GO/G/FTO platform offers superior sensing ability towards the miRNA-21. The results demonstrated that the proposed GO/G/FTO substrate detect the miRNA-21 with a wide linear range (10 fM ∼ 1 nM), low limit of detection (3.18 fM), high sensitivity (0.6 mApM⁻¹cm⁻²), selectivity and stability via the differential pulse voltammetry method. Additionally, the sensors can efficiently discriminate the target miRNA-21 from its complementary base mismatched counterparts. The proposed approach serves as an excellent tool for the early diagnosis of diseases. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Atomic layer oxidation Biosensor Cancer biomarkers Electrochemical Graphene oxide Plasma treatment

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Biomedical data and AI

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 1536-1540页

作者： Hao Xu Shibo Zhou Zefeng Zhu Vincenzo Vitelli Liangyi Chen Ziwei Dai Ning Yang Luhua Lai Shengyong Yang Sergey Ovchinnikov Zhuoran Qiao Sirui Liu Chen Song Jianfeng Pei Han Wen Jianfeng Feng Yaoyao Zhang Zhengwei Xie Yang-Yu Liu Zhiyuan Li Fulai Jin Hao Li Mohammad Lotfollahi Xuegong Zhang Ge Yang Shihua Zhang Ge Gao Pulin Li Qi Liu Jing-Dong Jackie Han Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences(CLS) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Quantitative Biology(CQB) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Peking University Chengdu Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Biotechnologies Chengdu 610213China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Lambic Therapeutics Inc.San DiegoCA 92121USA Changping Laboratory Beijing 102200China Al for Science Institute Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Peking University International Cancer Institute and Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Institute and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Department of Molecular and Cellular PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling the Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Genetics and Genome Scien

The development of artificial intelligence(AI)and the mining of biomedical data complement each *** the direct use of computer vision results to analyze medical images for disease screening,to now integrating biological knowledge into models and even accelerating the development of new AI based on biological discoveries,the boundaries of both are constantly expanding,and their connections are becoming ***,the theme of the 2024 Annual Quantitative Biology Conference is set as“Biomedical Data and AI”,and was held in Chengdu,China from July 15 to 17,2024.

关键词： biomedical data mining biomedical data computer vision artificial intelligence artificial intelligence ai integrating biological knowledge models disease screeningto quantitative biology conference

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SPGP: Structure Prototype Guided Graph Pooling

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lee, Sangseon Lee, Dohoon Piao, Yinhua Kim, Sun Institute of Computer Technology Seoul National University Korea Republic of BK21 FOUR Intelligence Computing Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Korea Republic of AIGENDRUG Co. Ltd. Korea Republic of

While graph neural networks (GNNs) have been successful for node classification tasks and link prediction tasks in graph, learning graph-level representations still remains a challenge. For the graph-level representation, it is important to learn both representation of neighboring nodes, i.e., aggregation, and graph structural information. A number of graph pooling methods have been developed for this goal. However, most of the existing pooling methods utilize k-hop neighborhood without considering explicit structural information in a graph. In this paper, we propose Structure Prototype Guided Pooling (SPGP) that utilizes prior graph structures to overcome the limitation. SPGP formulates graph structures as learnable prototype vectors and computes the affinity between nodes and prototype vectors. This leads to a novel node scoring scheme that prioritizes informative nodes while encapsulating the useful structures of the graph. Our experimental results show that SPGP outperforms state-of-the-art graph pooling methods on graph classification benchmark datasets in both accuracy and scalability. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Design of a Hybrid SMA-Pneumatic based Wearable Upper Limb Exoskeleton 25

Design of a Hybrid SMA-Pneumatic based Wearable Upper Limb E...

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25th ACM International Symposium on Wearable computers, ISWC 2021

作者： Golgouneh, Alireza Beaudette, Eric Woelfle, Heidi Li, Bai Subash, Niharikha Redhouse, Amanda Jones, Mark Martin, Tom Lobo, Michele Holschuh, Brad Dunne, Lucy Wearable Technology Lab University of Minnesota-Twin Cities United States Department of Physical Therapy and Biomechanics and Movement Science Program University of Delaware United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450384629

Upper limb mobility impairments affect individuals at all life stages. Exoskeletons can assist in rehabilitation as well as performing Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Most commercial assistive devices still rely on rigid robotics with constrained biomechanical degrees of freedom that may even increase user exertion. Therefore, this paper discusses the iterative design and development of a novel hybrid pneumatic actuation and Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based wearable soft exoskeleton to assist in shoulder abduction and horizontal flexion/extension movements, with integrated soft strain sensing to track shoulder joint motion. The garment development was done in two stages which involved creating (1) SMA actuators integrated with soft sensing, and (2) integrating pneumatic actuation. The final soft exoskeleton design was developed based on the insights gained from two prior prototypes in terms of wearability, usability, comfort, and functional specifications (i.e., placement and number) of the sensors and actuators. The final exoskeleton is a modular, multilayer garment which uses a hybrid and customizable actuation strategy (SMA and inflatable pneumatic bladder). © 2021 Owner/Author.

关键词： Wearable technology

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