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arXiv 2019年

作者： Ando, Kazunori Isozaki, Hiroshi Korotyaev, Evgeny Morioka, Hisashi Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Ehime University Matsuyama790-8577 Japan Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences Emeritus University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Department of Math. Analysis Saint-Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 St. Petersburg199034 Russia

We consider the inverse scattering on the quantum graph associated with the hexagonal lattice. Assuming that the potentials on the edges are compactly supported, we show that the S-matrix for all energies in any open set in the continous spectrum determines the *** Codes 81U40, 47A40 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Convergence rates for empirical estimation of binary classification bounds

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Sekeh, Salimeh Yasaei Noshad, Morteza Moon, Kevin R. Hero, Alfred O. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Departments of Genetics and Applied Math Yale University New HavenCT United States

Bounding the best achievable error probability for binary classification problems is relevant to many applications including machine learning, signal processing, and information theory. Many bounds on the Bayes binary classification error rate depend on information divergences between the pair of class distributions. Recently, the Henze-Penrose (HP) divergence has been proposed for bounding classification error probability. We consider the problem of empirically estimating the HP-divergence from random samples. We derive a bound on the convergence rate for the Friedman-Rafsky (FR) estimator of the HP-divergence, which is related to a multivariate runs statistic for testing between two distributions. The FR estimator is derived from a multicolored Euclidean minimal spanning tree (MST) that spans the merged samples. We obtain a concentration inequality for the Friedman-Rafsky estimator of the Henze-Penrose divergence. We validate our results experimentally and illustrate their application to real datasets. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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The master stability function for synchronization in simplicial complexes

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gambuzza, L.V. Di Patti, F. Gallo, L. Lepri, S. Romance, M. Criado, R. Frasca, Mattia Latora, V. Boccaletti, S. Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Science Engineering University of Catania Catania95125 Italy CNR-Institute of Complex Systems Via Madonna del Piano Sesto Fiorentino Florence50019 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Catania Catania95125 Italy Department of Applied Math. and Data Complex Networks and Cybersecurity Research Institute University Rey Juan Carlos C/Tulipn s/n Mstoles Madrid28933 Spain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Catania INFN Catania95125 Italy School of Mathematical Sciences Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute The British Library LondonNW1 2DB United Kingdom Unmanned Systems Research Institute Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny Moscow Region141701 Russia

All interesting and fascinating collective properties of a complex system arise from the intricate way in which its components interact. Various systems in physics, biology, social sciences and engineering have been successfully modelled as networks of coupled dynamical systems, where the graph links describe pairwise interactions. This is, however, too strong a limitation, as recent studies have revealed that higher-order many-body interactions are present in social groups, ecosystems and in the human brain, and they actually affect the emergent dynamics of all these systems. Here, we introduce a general framework that allows to study coupled dynamical systems accounting for the precise microscopic structure of their interactions at any possible order. We consider the most general ensemble of identical dynamical systems, organized on the nodes of a simplicial complex, and interacting through synchronization-non-invasive coupling function. The simplicial complex can be of any dimension, meaning that it can account, at the same time, for pairwise interactions, three-body interactions and so on. In such a broad context, we show that complete synchronization, a circumstance where all the dynamical units arrange their evolution in unison, exists as an invariant solution, and we give the necessary condition for it to be observed as a stable state in terms of a Master Stability Function. This generalizes the existing results valid for pairwise interactions (i.e. graphs) to the case of complex systems with the most general possible architecture. Moreover, we show how the approach can be simplified for specific, yet frequently occurring, instances, and we verify all our theoretical predictions in synthetic and real-world systems. Given the completely general character of the method proposed, our results contribute to the theory of dynamical systems with many-body interactions and can find applications in an extremely wide range of practical cases. Copyright © 2020, The Auth

关键词： Dynamical systems

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Direct estimation of information divergence using nearest neighbor ratios

Direct estimation of information divergence using nearest ne...

引用

2017 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, ISIT 2017

作者： Noshad, Morteza Moon, Kevin R. Sekeh, Salimeh Yasaei Hero, Alfred O. University of Michigan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ann ArborMI United States Yale University Genetics and Applied Math Department New HavenCT United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509040964

We propose a direct estimation method for Rényi and f-divergence measures based on a new graph theoretical interpretation. Suppose that we are given two sample sets X and Y, respectively with N and M samples, where η := M/N is a constant value. Considering the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) graph of Y in the joint data set (X, Y), we show that the average powered ratio of the number of X points to the number of Y points among all k-NN points is proportional to Rényi divergence of X and Y densities. A similar method can also be used to estimate f-divergence measures. We derive bias and variance rates, and show that for the class of γ-Hölder smooth functions, the estimator achieves the MSE rate of O(N-2γ/(γ+d)). Furthermore, by using a weighted ensemble estimation technique, for density functions with continuous and bounded derivatives of up to the order d, and some extra conditions at the support set boundary, we derive an ensemble estimator that achieves the parametric MSE rate of O(1/N). Our estimator requires no boundary correction, and remarkably, the boundary issues do not show up. Our approach is also more computationally tractable than other competing estimators, which makes them appealing in many practical applications. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

引用

The Lancet 2020年第10258期396卷 1204-1222页

作者： Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abbasi, Mohammad Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbastabar, Hedayat Abd-Allah, Foad Abdelalim, Ahmed Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdollahpour, Ibrahim Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Parisa Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Aboyans, Victor Abrams, Elissa M. Abreu, Lucas Guimarães Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid Abualhasan, Ahmed Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Abushouk, Abdelrahman I. Acebedo, Alyssa Ackerman, Ilana N. Adabi, Maryam Adair, Tim Adamu, Abdu A. Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi Adekanmbi, Victor Adelson, Jaimie D. Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adham, Davoud Advani, Shailesh M. Afarideh, Mohsen Afshari, Mahdi Afshin, Ashkan Agardh, Emilie E. Agarwal, Gina Agasthi, Pradyumna Agesa, Kareha M. Aghaali, Mohammad Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Agrawal, Anurag Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Alireza Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aji, Budi Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Akinyemiju, Tomi Akombi, Blessing Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Samiah Alam, Tahiya Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Albertson, Samuel B. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alema, Niguse Meles Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta Alhabib, Khalid F. Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Alicandro, Gianfranco Alijanzadeh, Mehran Alinia, Cyrus Alipour, Vahid Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, François Allebeck, Peter Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almasi, Ali Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Almasri, Nihad A. Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Almulhim, Abdulaziz M. Alonso, Jordi Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alumran, Arwa Khalid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Amare, Bekalu Amini, Saeed Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Aminorroaya, Arya Amiri, Fatemeh Amit, Arianna Maever L. Amugsi, Dickson A. Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera Anbesu, Etsay Woldu Ancuceanu, Robert Anderl Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Social Determinants of Health Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Cairo University Cairo Egypt School of Pharmacy Tehran Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran Iran Neuroscience Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran Biostatistics Department Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Biostatistics and Health Informatics Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Department of Cardiology Dupuytren University Hospital Limoges France University of Limoges Limoges France Department of Pediatric Dentistry Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Research Philippine Institute for Development Studies Quezon City Philippines Department of Healthcare Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran School of Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom School of Laboratory Medicine and Science University College Hospital Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa School of Health Ardabil University of Medical Science Ardabil Iran Social Behavioral Research Branch National Institute of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC DC United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Seattle WA

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw value

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Heavy hitters and the structure of local privacy

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Bun, Mark Nelson, Jelani Stemmer, Uri Department of Computer Science Princeton University John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Dept. of Computer Science and Applied Math Weizmann Institute of Science

We present a new locally differentially private algorithm for the heavy hitters problem which achieves optimal worst-case error as a function of all standardly considered parameters. Prior work obtained error rates which depend optimally on the number of users, the size of the domain, and the privacy parameter, but depend sub-optimally on the failure probability. We strengthen existing lower bounds on the error to incorporate the failure probability, and show that our new upper bound is tight with respect to this parameter as well. Our lower bound is based on a new understanding of the structure of locally private protocols. We further develop these ideas to obtain the following general results beyond heavy hitters. Advanced Grouposition: In the local model, group privacy for k users degrades proportionally to ≈ √k, instead of linearly in k as in the central model. Stronger group privacy yields improved max-information guarantees, as well as stronger lower bounds (via "packing arguments"), over the central model. Building on a transformation of Bassily and Smith (STOC 2015), we give a generic transformation from any non-interactive approximate-private local protocol into a pure-private local protocol. Again in contrast with the central model, this shows that we cannot obtain more accurate algorithms by moving from pure to approximate local privacy. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Errors

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Body Activity Recognition using Wearable Sensors

Body Activity Recognition using Wearable Sensors

引用

Computing Conference

作者： Long Cheng Chenyu You Yani Guan Yiyi Yu Research and Development Department Kiwii Power Technology Corporation Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Applied and Computational Math Johns Hopkins University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054442

Efficient recognition of human body activities is of great significance in many fields. With the development of wearable sensor technology, wearable sensors are playing a more and more important role in recognizing human body activities. How to accurately and quickly recognize human body activities while saving computing resource is a major challenge to be addressed. Utilizing data sampled from wearable sensors, this paper solves the human body activity recognition problem from perspectives of both machine learning and compressed sensing. Specifically, three different machine learning algorithms, artificial neural network, support vector machine and hidden Markov model, and one compressed sensing involved algorithm, sparse representation classification method based on random projections, are used to recognize human body activities, respectively. Meanwhile, various numerical experiments based on a real-world dataset collected using wearable sensors are conducted to validate the effectiveness of these algorithms. Numerical results demonstrate that all of the four algorithms achieve satisfactory recognition performance and the sparse representation classification method based on random projections outperforms the other three machine learning algorithms.

关键词： Wearable sensor Support vector machine Hidden Markov model Neural network Sparse representation Random projections

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Non-uniformly degenerated parabolic equations with L1-data

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2074卷

作者： A. Aberqi J. Bennouna M. Hammoumi 1University of Fez National School of Applied Sciences Laboratory LISA Department of Electric and computer engineering Fez Morocco 2Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah Département de Mathématiques Laboratoire LAMA. Faculté des Sciences Dhar-Mahrez B.P 1796 Atlas Fès Morocco

An existence and uniqueness result of a renormalized solution for a class of doubly nonlinear evolution degenerated parabolic equations is established. The data belongs to L1.

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Organ-on-a-Chip: Ex vivo Dynamics of Human Glioblastoma Cells in a Microvasculature-on-a-Chip System Correlates with Tumor Heterogeneity and Subtypes (Adv. Sci. 8/2019)

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Advanced Science 2019年第8期6卷 1970046-1970046页

作者： Yang Xiao Dongjoo Kim Burak Dura Kerou Zhang Runchen Yan Huamin Li Edward Han Joshua Ip Pan Zou Jun Liu Ann Tai Chen Alexander O. Vortmeyer Jiangbing Zhou Rong Fan Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Applied Math Program Yale University New Haven CT 06520 USA Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 USA Department of Pathology Indiana University Health Pathology Laboratory Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center New Haven CT 06520 USA

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Global Software engineering Experience through International Capstone Project Exchanges

Global Software Engineering Experience through International...

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International Conference on Global Software engineering (ICGSE)

作者： Dean Knudson Stavros Kalafatis Carsten Kleiner Stephen Zahos Barbara Seegebarth Jonas Deeterfelt Iman Avazpour Kristian Sandahl Peter Gorder Jeewani Ginige Alex Radermacher Hugo Caballero Humberto Gomez Mikael Roos Computer Science Dept. North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA ECE Department Texas A& M University College Station TX USA Computer Science Dept. Hannover University of Applied Sciences & Arts Hannover Germany Agricultural and Biological Eng. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Institute of Marketing Technische Universitat Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany Linkopings universitet Linkoping SE School of IT Deakin University Burwood Australia Department of Computer and Information Science Linkoping University Linkoping SE Sweden Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Univ. of Colorado Colorado Springs CO USA Sch. of Comput. Eng. & Math. Western Sydney Univ. Sydney NSW Australia Departamento de Ingenieria Mecanica Universidad del Norte Barranquilla Colombia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) Karlskrona Sweden

Today it is very common for software systems to be built by teams located in more than one country. For example, a project team may be located in the US while the team lead resides in Sweden. How then should students be trained for this kind of work? Senior design or capstone projects offer students real-world hands-on experience but rarely while working internationally. One reason is that most instructors do not have international business contacts that allow them to find project sponsors in other countries. Another reason is the fear of having to invest a huge amount of time managing an international project. In this paper we present the general concepts related to "International Capstone Project Exchanges", the basic model behind the exchanges (student teams are led by an industry sponsor residing in a different country) and several alternate models that have been used in practice. We will give examples from projects in the US, Germany, Sweden, Australia, and Colombia. We have extended the model beyond software projects to include engineering projects as well as marketing, and journalism. We conclude with a description of an International Capstone Project Exchange website that we have developed to aid any university in establishing their own international project exchange.

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