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Light-Emitting Devices, Materials, and Applications XXIX 2025

作者： Hsiao, Fu-Chen Chang, Yia-Chung Wierer, Jonathan Kish, Fred Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27606 United States Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510685208

Spontaneous emission and Auger non-radiative recombination rates are critical factors influencing the performance of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). This study introduces a computational framework for evaluating both direct and phonon-assisted Auger recombination in III-Nitride (III-N) bulk materials and single quantum well (QW), leveraging the effective-bond orbital model (EBOM). The EBOM-derived band structure for Wurtzite III-N demonstrates excellent agreement with density functional theory calculations using the meta-generalized gradient approximation, affirming its efficiency and suitability for heterostructure systems due to its tight-binding-like orbital basis. Simulations reveal that the zone-center approximation for initial states is inadequate for accurate Brillouin zone integration in phonon-assisted Auger recombination calculations. The computational approach presented here can be generalized to study various indirect Auger recombination processes in heterostructures, including quantum wires and quantum dots. Incorporating refined electron-phonon matrix elements from advanced first-principles methods could further enhance result accuracy. Additionally, the calculated spontaneous emission rate in single InGaN/GaN QW is presented to provide a comprehensive perspective on GaN-based LEDs. The exciton states and corresponding enhancement factors are integrated into the spontaneous emission spectra, enabling accurate characterization of the dependence of LED spontaneous emission coefficients on carrier injection density. While this study focuses on calculating the Auger recombination rate, a comprehensive LED model based on EBOM, incorporating the present computational scheme, will be detailed in a forthcoming publication. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Synthesizing 3D Axon Morphology: Springs are All We Need 15th

Synthesizing 3D Axon Morphology: Springs are All We Need

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15th International Workshop on Computational Diffusion MRI, CDMRI 2024, held in conjunction with 27th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2024

作者： Cui, Ruiqi Bærentzen, J. Andreas Dyrby, Tim B. Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby2800 Denmark Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre Hvidovre2650 Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9783031869198

The realism of digital phantoms for the white matter microstructure is highly valued. Realistic synthesis provides reliable input to generate synthetic diffusion MRI signals for evaluating biophysical models or training machine learning models of microstructure features, such as axon diameter, shapes, and cellular structures. Inspired by the popular spring-mass systems used in physical simulation, we propose a novel and flexible method for synthesizing axon morphology and its dynamics with physical constraints. Specifically, starting with an initial axon configuration, our method constructs a spring-mass system based on specific sampling rules inspired by the real 3D axons and cell morphology observed in X-ray synchrotron imaging. By minimizing the spring potential energy, our method optimizes the positions of sampled mass points, thereby deforming the axon morphology from its physical surroundings. After the optimization, a triangle mesh of the axon surfaces is obtained and can be used as input for Monte Carlo diffusion MRI simulations. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach successfully mimics a range of axon morphologies and the dynamic environment. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Image coding

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Improving Food Safety by IoT-based Climate Monitoring and Control Systems for Food Processing Plants

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Remote Sensing in Earth Systems Sciences 2025年第2期8卷 387-399页

作者： Kolikipogu, Ramakrishna Shivaputra Muniyandy, Elangovan Maroor, Jnaneshwar Pai Lakshmi, Gundala Venkata Rama Konduri, Bhagavan Naveenkumar, R. Department of Information Technology Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology Hyderabad India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Business Administration Nitte Institute of Professional Education Nitte (Deemed to Be University) Karnataka Mangaluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering CVR College of Engineering Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh Colleges of Engineering Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri Punjab Mohali 140307 India

Web different IoT apps offer lot more options for every player in the meat supply chain to monitor, control, and optimize their manufacturing method. Beginning within late 2017, industrial IoF2020 program will concentrate toward massive deployments of IoT via three use cases in the meat supply chain: pig farm management, poultry chain tracking, and for livestock visibility with openness. This initiative will include eleven collaborators spanning 5 nations. Installing and integrating IoT sensors for environmental and livestock management would alleviate producers’ difficulty getting knowledge that data needed regarding continuously tracking how well they are doing. Alert detection is additionally being created, integrating multiple sources of data in order to give farmers helpful input along with communicating news with other partners. By carrying out this, preventative or remedial measures can be done for infections, swine taint, bird mortality, feed waste, the natural world, et cetera. Additionally, EPCIS-based traceability from farm to fork will be allowed to ensure customers may get precise data about the source and caliber of their livestock. Each of these three use scenarios’ existing stage in work along with future plans are expected to be discussed. IoF2020 seeks to support the digital revolution in smart farming by tackling various educational and commercial problems while also promoting its use throughout Europe. It maintains mechanical necessary degree and security against physical along with toxic contaminants during industrial butchering of chicken, a lot measures have been taken. Buyers’ worries about food safety and health are the result of eating chicken increasingly. Our authorities have begun many kinds of initiatives aimed at improving safeguards for food. Our goal is to create an apparatus that alerts the factory farms affecting potential threats for product hygiene of food. With such setup, the detector can be mounted on top of the poultry slaugh

关键词： Food safety Internet of Things Meat processing Monitoring Supply chain

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Minimal wave speed and traveling wave in nonlocal dispersion SIS epidemic model with delay

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Boundary Value Problems 2025年第1期2025卷 1-21页

作者： Darazirar, Rassim Yaseen, Rasha M. Mohsen, Ahmed A. Khan, Aziz Abdeljawad, Thabet Department of Mathematics Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics Hassiba Benbouali University Chlef 02000 Algeria Department of Biomedical Eng. Al-Khawarzmi college of engineering University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics Open Education College Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham) University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Mathematics and Sciences Prince Sultan University P.O. Box 66833 Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Tamil Nadu Chennai 602105 India Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB) Gulf University for Science and Technology Hawally 32093 Kuwait Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University Medusa Garankuwa 0204 South Africa Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Kyung Hee University 26 Kyungheedae-ro Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 South Korea Department of Medical Research China Medical University Taichung Taichung 40402 Taiwan

This study examines traveling wave solutions of the SIS epidemic model with nonlocal dispersion and delay. The research shows that a key factor in determining whether traveling waves exist is the basic reproduction number R0. In particular, the system permits nontrivial traveling wave solutions for σ≥σ∗ for R0>1, whereas there are no such solutions for σ<σ∗. This is because there is a minimal wave speed σ∗>0. On the other hand, there are no traveling wave solutions when R0≤1. In conclusion, we provide several numerical simulations that illustrate the existence of TWS. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Basic reproduction number Minimal wave speed SIS model Traveling waves

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The Internet of Things in Elderly Healthcare Applications: A Systematic Review and Future Directions

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 71335-71373页

作者： Shirvanian, Naser Shams, Maryam Masoud Rahmani, Amir Lansky, Jan Mildeova, Stanislava Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Islamic Azad University Department of Computer Engineering Science and Research Branch Tehran14778-93855 Iran Kurdistan University Department of Physics Faculty of Basic Science Sanandaj66177-15175 Iran National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Future Technology Research Center Douliu64002 Taiwan University of Finance and Administration Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Faculty of Economic Studies Prague101 00 Czech Republic Duy Tan University School of Computer Science Da Nang550000 Viet Nam Jadara University Jadara Research Center Irbid21110 Jordan

The increase in the elderly population globally and the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly have resulted in rising healthcare costs worldwide. Utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart sensors to reduce healthcare costs and enhance the quality of life for the elderly is a highly effective and valuable solution. Effective monitoring can improve resource management in IoT-based healthcare systems. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) for elderly healthcare on the IoT to evaluate its various facets and key areas. The taxonomy of elderly healthcare studies in the IoT comprises six categories: smart homes, security and privacy, remote healthcare system, wearable devices, smartphone, healthcare and healthcare costs. Management of chronic diseases has the highest percentage of evaluation statistics in the field of smart homes, at 61%. In addition, 26% of smart homes in healthcare are devoted to behavioral characteristics and 13% to biological characteristics. Finally, this study highlights the visions and challenges of elderly healthcare articles and future work. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Medical services Internet of Things Older adults Security Monitoring Diseases Costs Privacy Biomedical monitoring Smart homes

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Education 4.0: Considering the Development of Teachers’ Psychological Dispositions Towards the Use of ICT with Kindergarten Children 14th

Education 4.0: Considering the Development of Teachers’ P...

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14th International Conference on Methodologies and Intelligent Systems for Technology Enhanced Learning, mis4TEL 2024

作者： Peretti, Sara Caruso, Federica Pino, Maria Chiara Di Mascio, Tania Centre of Excellence DEWS University of L’Aquila L’Aquila Italy Department of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics University of L’Aquila L’Aquila Italy Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences L’Aquila Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031855603

Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced teachers to rapidly adopt Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools for distance learning, transforming education into an all-digital environment. This shift posed significant challenges, especially for kindergarten teachers accustomed to traditional, face-to-face methods. These changes will have long-term impacts on education, influencing teachers’ attitudes and beliefs, which take time to stabilize and evaluate. The present paper addresses this by posing the question: In 2024, four years after the COVID-19 pandemic, what attitudes have kindergarten teachers developed towards ICT integration in the classroom? For this purpose, the standardized "Intrapersonal Technology Integration Scale" was chosen to assess the beliefs of Italian kindergarten teachers. The study includes 49 kindergarten teachers, all women. Data analysis showed that they have a strong interest in using ICT, indicating a need for ongoing support and training initiatives. However, teachers did not report feeling self-efficacy in using ICT with children in the classroom. This finding is crucial as it can influence their expectations and motivation towards integrating these technologies into daily teaching activities. In conclusion, this study highlights the critical importance of teachers’ attitudes in shaping future learning environments within the Education 4.0 era and provides suggestions to maximize ICT integration starting from early education to better meet the needs of future citizens. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Teaching

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GPSOM: group-based particle swarm optimization with multiple strategies for engineering applications

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Journal of Big Data 2025年第1期12卷 1-40页

作者： Yan, Jialing Hu, Gang Jia, Heming Hussien, Abdelazim G. Abualigah, Laith Department of Applied Mathematics Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an710054 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an710048 China School of Information Engineering Sanming University Sanming365004 China Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Linköping58183 Sweden Faculty of Science Fayoum University Faiyum63514 Egypt Computer Science Department Al al-Bayt University Mafraq25113 Jordan

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a classic optimization algorithm;however, it has issues when solving high-dimensional complex optimization problems, such as sensitivity to initial parameters, insufficient population diversity, and susceptibility to becoming stuck in local optima. To this end, we propose a particle swarm optimization algorithm with multiple swarm strategies (GPSOM) that significantly improves the algorithm’s optimization performance by designing grouping and diversification strategies for the population. GPSOM divides the population into three subgroups and adopts targeted strategies based on different phases: sub-swarm 1 focuses on exploration and improves population diversity and local search ability by dynamically adjusting operators;sub-swarm 2 focuses on exploitation, introducing sine cosine factors and adaptive mechanisms to traverse the solution space efficiently;sub-swarm 3 achieves global and local balance, generating high-quality solutions through adaptive factors and position adjustment operators. The experimental results show that GPSOM performs significantly better than traditional algorithms on the Combinatorial Evolutionary Computing (CEC) 2020 benchmark test set (hereinafter referred to as 20TS), and its reliability and efficiency have been demonstrated in practical applications, such as 15 engineering examples, vehicle cruise control, and robot path optimization. GPSOM is an efficient, stable, practical optimization algorithm that effectively solves high-dimensional complex optimization problems. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Thermodynamic aspects of higher-dimensional black holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity through exponential entropy

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第4期77卷 129-150页

作者： Sana Malik Abdul Jawad Shahid Chaudhary Mohammad Mahtab Alam Sanjar Shaymatov Shamaila Rani Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore-CampusLahore 54000Pakistan Institute for Theoretical Physicsand Cosmology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Department of Natural Sciences and Humanities University of Engineering and Technology LahoreNew CampusPakistan Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Applied Medical ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research National Research University TIIAMEKori Niyoziy 39Tashkent 100000Uzbekistan University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences Str.Gavhar 1Tashkent 100149Uzbekistan Western Caspian University Baku AZ1001Azerbaijan

We assume exponential corrections to the entropy of 5D charged Ad S black hole solutions,which are derived within the framework of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity and nonlinear ***,we consider two distinct versions of 5D charged Ad S black holes by setting the parameters q→0 and k→0(where q represents the charge,and k is the non-linear parameter).We investigate these black holes in the extended phase space,where the cosmological constant is interpreted as pressure,demonstrating the first law of black hole *** focus extends to understanding the thermal stability or instability,as well as identifying first and second-order phase *** exploration is carried out through the analysis of various thermodynamic quantities,including heat capacity at constant pressure,Gibbs free energy(GFE),Helmholtz free energy(HFE),and the trace of the Hessian *** order to visualize phase transitions,identify critical points,analyze stability and provide comprehensive analysis,we have made the contour plot of the mentioned thermodynamic quantities and observed that our results are very *** investigations are conducted within the context of exponentially corrected entropies,providing valuable insights into the intricate thermodynamic behavior of these 5D charged Ad S black holes under different parameter limits.

关键词： black hole thermodynamics thermodynamics quantities thermal stability higher dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole modified entropy

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Solid solution dependence of the deformation behavior in Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys:In-situ neutron diffraction and crystal plasticity modeling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第2期13卷 823-838页

作者： Huai Wang Soo Yeol Lee You Sub Kim Huamiao Wang Wanchuck Woo Ke An School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Neutron Science Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 34057Republic of Korea Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge 37831United States

The effects of solid solution on the deformation behavior of binary Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys featuring a designated texture that enables extension twinning under tension parallel to the basal pole in most grains,were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction and the EVPSC-TDT *** diffraction was used to quantitatively track grain-level lattice strains and diffraction intensity changes(related to mechanical twinning)in differently oriented grains of each alloy during cyclic tensile/compressive *** measurements were accurately captured by the *** stress-strain curves of Mg-1 wt%Zn and Mg-2 wt%Zn alloys show as-expected solid solution strengthening from the addition of Zn compared to pure *** macroscopic yielding and hardening behaviors are explained by alternating slip and twinning modes as calculated by the *** solid solution's influence on individual deformation modes,including basal〈a〉slip,prismatic〈a〉slip,and extension twinning,was then quantitatively assessed in terms of activity,yielding behavior,and hardening response by combining neutron diffraction results with crystal plasticity *** Mg-1 wt%Zn alloy displays distinct yielding and hardening behavior due to solid solution softening of prismatic〈a〉***,the dependence of extension twinning,in terms of the twinning volume fraction,on Zn content exhibits opposite trends under tensile and compressive loadings.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Deformation behavior Solid solution Crystal plasticity modeling Neutron diffraction

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An Inexact Bregman Proximal Difference-of-Convex Algorithm with Two Types of Relative Stopping Criteria

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Journal of Scientific Computing 2025年第3期103卷 1-42页

作者： Yang, Lei Hu, Jingjing Toh, Kim-Chuan School of Computer Science and Engineering and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Computational Science Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Department of Mathematics Institute of Operations Research and Analytics National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

In this paper, we consider a class of difference-of-convex (DC) optimization problems, which require only a weaker restricted L-smooth adaptable property on the smooth part of the objective function, instead of the standard global Lipschitz gradient continuity assumption. Such problems are prevalent in many contemporary applications such as compressed sensing, statistical regression, and machine learning, and can be solved by a general Bregman proximal DC algorithm (BPDCA). However, the existing BPDCA is developed based on the stringent requirement that the involved subproblems must be solved exactly, which is often impractical and limits the applicability of the BPDCA. To facilitate the practical implementations and wider applications of the BPDCA, we develop an inexact Bregman proximal difference-of-convex algorithm (iBPDCA) by incorporating two types of relative-type stopping criteria for solving the subproblems. The proposed inexact framework has considerable flexibility to encompass many existing exact and inexact methods, and can accommodate different types of errors that may occur when solving the subproblem. This enables the potential application of our inexact framework across different DC decompositions to facilitate the design of a more efficient DCA scheme in practice. The global subsequential convergence and the global sequential convergence of our iBPDCA are established under suitable conditions including the Kurdyka–Lojasiewicz property. Some numerical experiments on the 1-2 regularized least squares problem and the constrained 1-2 sparse optimization problem are conducted to show the superior performance of our iBPDCA in comparison to existing algorithms. These results also empirically validate the necessity and significance of developing different types of stopping criteria to facilitate the efficient computation of the subproblem in each iteration of our iBPDCA. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part

关键词： Convex optimization

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