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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1995年第5期28卷 241-246页

作者： Adrian R. Browne Julian M. Bass Peter R. Croll Peter J. Fleming Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield UK Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield UK

The task of guaranteeing that processes meet their deadlines is one of the most complex in the design of hard real-time control systems. This paper describes how process scheduling has been integrated into a framework of tools for the development of such systems. Functional specifications in the form of control system block diagrams are translated by the Framework into real-time source code which may be executed in a parallel processing environment. The automated off-line scheduling tool takes process specifications from the system under development and attempts to map these processes to the processors in such a way that all the system deadlines are met by using a detailed model of the run-time environment.

关键词： CASE real-time systems parallel processing scheduling algorithms software tools genetic algorithms

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Modelling, Adaptive, Neural and Fuzzy control of Coal Power Plants 1

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1995年第26期28卷 347-352页

作者： Petr Pivoňka Department of Automatic Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 61266 Brno Božetěchova 2 Czech Republic

At the preparatory stage for connecting the Czech power systems to the West European UCPTE system, corrections for frequency must be included in the output power control, i.e. the primary control must be introduced. The result of the detailed analysis was a model of primary output power control of the block and a new power system control of Czech coal power plants. In the new power system control, an adaptive or robust controller will be used for operation stabilisation

关键词： Power system control adaptive control neural control fuzzy control fuzzy PID controllers self-tuning control neural nets

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Dependability modelling in a prototype development framework

Dependability modelling in a prototype development framework

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International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS)

作者： J.M. Bass S. Metge A. Browne P.R. Croll P.J. Fleming Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK LAAS CNRS Toulouse France Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield UK

The Development Framework provides a highly automatic translation from a specification to an implementation. The specification is in a popular, graphical control engineering notation typically representing a system with stringent reliability requirements and hard real time constraints. An interface has been constructed between the Development Framework and the commercially available dependability modelling tool, SURF-2. This tool is designed to support an evaluation based design approach. Multiple design solutions can be compared to assess the implications of design decisions on the dependability of the system under development. The software demonstration will show how the interface between the Development Framework and SURF-2 is used to model the inclusion of selected fault tolerant mechanisms in the system under development.< >

关键词： Prototypes automatic control Application software control systems control engineering Time factors Design engineering Real time systems Software engineering Computational modeling

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Improved LMS estimation via structural detection

Improved LMS estimation via structural detection

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： J. Homer I. Mareels R. Bitmead B. Wahlberg F. Gustafsson Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia Systems Engineering Department RSISE-Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia S3-Automatic Control Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Automatic Control Linköping University Linkoping Sweden

In various adaptive estimation applications, the unknown channel is characterized by an impulse response which consists of extended regions of negligible response or 'inactivity'. We consider the LMS estimation of a channel that may be well approximated by an FIR (filter) model with only a few nonzero tap coefficients within a given delay horizon or tap length n. When the number of nonzero tap coefficients m is small compared to the delay horizon n, the performance of the LMS estimator is greatly enhanced when this specific structure is exploited. We propose a consistent algorithm that performs identification of nonzero taps only.

关键词： Least squares approximation Australia Cost function Finite impulse response filter automatic control Delay estimation Adaptive estimation Circuits Land mobile radio Sampling methods

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Proving dynamic properties in an aerospace application

Proving dynamic properties in an aerospace application

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Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)

作者： S. Nadjm-Tehrani J.-E. Stromberg Department of Computer & Information Science Linköping University Linkoping Sweden Diu. of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Linkoping Sweden

We give an exposition to an ongoing research effort in cooperation with aerospace industries in Sweden. We report on an application of formal verification techniques on a landing gear system. This system consists of actuating hydromechanic and electromechanic hardware, and of controlling software components. We emphasize the need for modelling techniques and languages covering the whole spectrum from informal engineering documents, to hybrid mathematical models. In this modelling process we give as much weight to the physical environment as to the controlling software. We show the application of two verification methods for proving safety and timeliness properties of the closed loop system; first, using the proof system of extended duration calculus, and second by symbolic model checking.

关键词： Aerodynamics Application software Aerospace industry Mathematical model Formal verification Gears Hardware control systems Safety Closed loop systems

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On the design and implementation of a dependable space instrument

On the design and implementation of a dependable space instr...

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1995 Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing

作者： Woolliscroft, L.J.C. Yearby, K.H. Alleyne, C.H.St. Thompson, J.A. Dunford, Cm. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield PO Box 600 SheffieldS1 4DU United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Sheffield PO Box 600 SheffieldS1 4DU United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield PO Box 600 SheffieldS1 4DU United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0818670312

The Digital Wave Processor, DWP [1-10], is an example of a dependable distributed system which has been built and will be flown on the ESA/NASA Cluster satellites. Pre-flight testing of the DWP instruments is nearly complete and the results of this programme of testing are described. Much of the fault-tolerant behaviour of DWP has been tested and found to function as expected. Of the problems which have been found the majority are attributed to the initial definition of hardware and software interfaces. Various small hardware limitations and problems have been experienced. These have generally been overcome without there being any impact on the fault-tolerant design, but they have consumed a considerable amount of engineering effort. © 1995 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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control of PWM AC‐to‐DC converters using state‐space and fuzzy‐methods

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European Transactions on Electrical Power 1995年第5期5卷 301-306页

作者： Krebs, S. Oelert, K. Dr.-Ing. Stephan Krebs (1963) received his Diploma degree in 1990 and his Dr.-Ing. degree in 1994 from the Elektrotechnisches Institut Universitat Karlsruhe/Germany. His main fields of interest are the use of modern time-discrete control methods and parallel signal processing in adjusrable speed drive and power supply systems. In summer 1994. he joined the Power Group of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Toronto/Canada where he is currently working on industrial controller platform for power applications. (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto 10 King's College Rd. TorontoiOntario. Canada M5S 1A4 T+416/978-66 18 Fax +416/971-2325) Kai Oelert (1967) received the Electrical Engineering degree from the Elektrotechnisches Institut of the University of KarlsruhdGermany in 1993. He is currently developing software for automatic ticket-wending systems with the Company Scheidt & Bachmann Monchengladbach/Germany. (Scheidt & Bachmann GmbH Breite Str. 132 D-4 1238 Monchengladbach/Germany T+2166/266445 Fax+2166/2666 15)

Adjustable speed drive systems using AC‐machines are often fed by voltage‐source inverters. This paper presents a new strategy to control the line‐side converter. State‐space and fuzzy methods are combined to achieve a control system which includes control limits and the aspects of safety. Experiments with a drive system (30 kW) demonstrate the dynamic and steady‐state behaviour of the control. Copyright © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Intelligent Voting Startegies for Dependable Real-Time control Systems

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1994年第16期27卷 37-42页

作者： Peter R. Croll Julian M. Bass Peter J. Fleming Department of Computer Science. The University of Sheffield UK. Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering. The University of Sheffield UK.

An intelligent and dependable voting mechanism for use in real-time control applications is presented. Strategies proposed by current safety standards advocate N-version software to minimise the effects from undetected software design faults (bugs). This requires diversity in design but presents a problem that truly diverse code produces diverse results, that is, differences in output values, timeliness and reliability. To reach a consensus requires an intelligent voter, especially when non stop operation is demanded, e.g. aerospace applications. This paper, therefore, firstly considers the applicable safety standards and the requirements for an intelligent voter service. The use of replicated voters to improve reliability is examined and a mechanism to ensure non stop operation is presented. The formal mathematical analysis used to verify the crucial behavioural properties of the voting service design is detailed. Finally the creation of N-version redundant voters are considered using Neural nets and Genetic Algorithms.

关键词： Real-Time control Safety Systems Voting Fault Tolerance Formal Methods Neural Nets

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Three domain voting in real-time distributed control systems 2

Three domain voting in real-time distributed control systems

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2nd Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing, PDP 1994

作者： Bass, Julian M. Croll, Peter R. Fleming, Peter J. Woolliscroft, Les J.C. Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield P. O. Box 600 Mappin Street SheffieldS1 4DU United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Sheffield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0818653701

An intelligent and robust voting service for real-time distributed control systems is proposed. Three novel features of the voter are described. Firstly, the voter is distributed using a primary site algorithm. This algorithm is used to coordinate the voter elements ensuring service is provided even in the presence of single faults. Secondly, the voter is capable of selecting a correct result in certain cases of disagreement. This is achieved by monitoring the temporal behaviour and reliability of the application modules in addition to the comparison of numerical result values, an approach called Three Domain Voting. Thirdly, inclusion of a voting service in a Framework of tools for the design of real-time distributed control software is discussed. The Framework allows control engineers to specify their problem in a familiar application specific manner. The tools then provide a highly transparent transformation to an executable implementation. © 1994 IEEE.

关键词： Fault tolerance

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A step edge detector algorithm based on symbolic analysis

A step edge detector algorithm based on symbolic analysis

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： A. Larre E. Montseny Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Department Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Computer Engineering Department Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spain

This paper analyzes the noise error, in both the module and the argument in the calculation of the gradient vector of the images illumination function. The results show that the behavior of the argument is more robust than that of the module. A proposal is made for a symbolic analysis of the argument of the gradient vector to detect the contour of the objects in the image. This shows that it is possible to use smaller windows to calculate the gradient vector without infringing the contradiction proposed by Marr and Hildreth (1980) and Canny (1983). Finally, a description is given of an edge detection algorithm where their most important characteristics are: a) it introduces a symbolic analysis of the argument of the gradient vector to detect edges; and b) It uses smaller window to approximate the value of the gradient vector allowing to locate the edge with precision.

关键词： Detectors Algorithm design and analysis Image edge detection Layout Image analysis Lighting Data mining Object detection Performance analysis automatic control

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