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Enhancing transparency in buyer-driven commodity chains for complex products: A blockchain-based traceability framework demonstrated through an apparel supply chain simulation 6

Enhancing transparency in buyer-driven commodity chains for ...

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6th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing, ISM 2024

作者： Takkar, Ritwik Birman, Ken Gao, H. Oliver Department of Systems Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States

Buyer-driven commodity chains are characterized by commercial relationships between buyers and sellers that may obscure accountability due to complexity, thereby undermining sustainability efforts. Conventional methods to trace production, including ineffective human-led audits, risk reorienting global corporate governance towards the interests of private business and away from social benefit by limiting the role of objective data in the process. This study examines the relevant features of private, permissioned blockchain towards harnessing the transparency challenge by demonstrating the efficacy of our proposed framework against a simulation of a real-world multi-tier apparel supply chain. The simulation integrates a set of functional and operational requirements achieved through a combination of programmable smart contracts and underlying blockchain architecture. We then evaluate the framework both qualitatively and quantitatively before discussing the limitations of our work. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Smart contract

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A Comprehensive System for Diabetes Management and Prediction Using AI-Driven Chatbot and Machine Learning Models

A Comprehensive System for Diabetes Management and Predictio...

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International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT)

作者： Swathi Buragadda Challa Deena Vamsi Mohammed Jafrin Ajay Ramisetti Department of Computer Science Engineering Lakireddy Bali reddy College of Engineering Mylavaram India

ISBN: (数字)9798331512248

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512255

The integration of a chatbot with a predictive analytics model for Better Diabetes Management, powered by AI. The chatbot has been developed to answer specific user questions using Gradio and the Llama Index with the HuggingFace models in relation to the prevention, care, and management of diabetes in a personalized and evidence-based manner. It does so while making references dynamically to medical documents ingested and thereby assuring relevance in context and up-to-date grounding in medical knowledge. In parallel, the predictive model uses the Flask web application deployment of a Random Forest algorithm to evaluate the risk for diabetes based on key health metrics: glucose levels, blood pressure, and BMI. Inputs are then preprocessed and scaled before analysis, which lets the model provide accurate predictions about the presence of diabetes and gives the user immediate actionable feedback. This integrated system does not only encourage interactive engagement to better understand diabetes, but also provides real-time insights for informed decisions. It is a bridge project between expert medical knowledge and available health management tools in the domain of personalized health through AI.

关键词： Analytical models Prevention and mitigation Medical services Predictive models Chatbots Prediction algorithms Real-time systems Diabetes Predictive analytics Random forests

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Towards Trustworthy and Explainable Socially Assistive Robots: A Cognitive Architecture for Dietary Guidance

Towards Trustworthy and Explainable Socially Assistive Robot...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Simulation, Modeling, and Programming for Autonomous Robots, SIMPAR 2025

作者： D'Arco, Luigi Raggioli, Luca Randazzo, Gianni De Gasperis, Giovanni Chella, Antonio Costantini, Stefania Rossi, Silvia University of Naples Federico Ii Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies Naples Italy University of Palermo Department of Engineering Palermo Italy Università Degli Studi Dell'Aquila Department of Information Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics L'Aquila Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516857

Socially Assistive Robots (SARs) are rising as promising tools for promoting healthy lifestyle habits. To achieve such a goal, it is necessary that they are able to perform trustworthy and legible behaviors. In this work, we propose a cognitive architecture that integrates multimodal perception, symbolic reasoning, memory-enhanced decision-making, and adaptive interaction strategies to create an explainable and engaging dietary assistant. The key idea is to provide the robot with the capability to iteratively interact with a user and adapt the dietary plan based on their current state, preferences, and food restrictions, while conveying explicitly the inner decision and thought process. To achieve this, we employ a graph-enhanced Large Language Model (LLM), which queries contextual, semantic, and episodic acquired knowledge to generate personalized meal recommendations. These must subsequently be refined through a verification process that enforces constraints such as caloric limits and ingredient intolerances, ensuring dietary adherence. To have a transparent decision-verification process, the robot has to progressively verbalize the reasoning process while providing justifications for the recommendations to also enhance the user's trust. Non-verbal context-relevant movements are also generated to allow the robot to express empathy. We expect our framework to increase user trust, engagement, and adherence to healthy behaviors, allowing SARs to function as credible and effective health assistants. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Nutrition

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Design and Implementation of a User Centered Design Framework for Software Development 1

Design and Implementation of a User Centered Design Framewor...

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1st International Conference on Advances in computer science, Electrical, Electronics, and Communication Technologies, CE2CT 2025

作者： Chilluri, Venkata Suresh Babu Oli, Sanjay Sharma, Chandani Kumar, Ankit Intuit Inc. Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Department of Mathematics Bangalore560078 India CSE Department Haryana Ambala Mullana India Chandigarh University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mohali140413 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518578

The concept and methodology known as Usercentred Design (UCD) puts the user at the center and concentrates on cognitive aspects as they relate to how people interact with objects. In order to overcome biassed decisionmaking, automated AI-based decision support systems need to be able to be used, trusted, and accepted. Design criteria for AI-based decision support systems in traditional craftsmanship are therefore required. In this contribution, we examined the relationships between user acceptance and a user-centred design by evaluating three distinct applications in a mixedmethod user research (ND=20) that included both qualitative (think aloud) and quantitative (survey) components. Starting with research-related planning agreements, the context is established by interviewing the parties who agreed in the first stage, the needs are ascertained through user assessments, the System Usability Scale (SUS) method is used to determine the results, a prototype is designed based on the findings of the third step, and UI evaluation is conducted using the same method when evaluating the UI AI running in the third stage to demonstrate whether or not there has been a significant improvement. It took into account technological adoption, usability, and planning objectivity and efficiency. The findings imply that while AI-based decision support systems improve speed and objectivity, usability, acceptance, and confidence depend on user-centred design. Given that automated options were not as often questioned, it makes sense to give the decision maker the last say. It produces practical recommendations for the development of AI-based manufacturing support systems. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： User centered design

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Optimizing the Longevity of Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive and Adaptive Energy-Efficient Framework

Optimizing the Longevity of Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comp...

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Artificial Intelligence and Data engineering (AIDE), International Conference on

作者： Prashanth Kumar Babitha Poojary H. Harshavardhan Mahadevi Reshma Ashreen Department of Information Science and Engineering NITTE (Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology Karkala Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management Udupi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Alvas Institute of Engineering and Technology Moodabidri

ISBN: (数字)9798331527518

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527525

This paper presents a comprehensive method aimed at extending the operational lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by optimizing energy consumption and improving network efficiency. A novel energy-aware routing protocol combined with duty cycling and data aggregation techniques is been introduced here Results from extensive simulations demonstrate significant improvements in network lifetime, data transmission efficiency, and overall performance.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Energy consumption Adaptive systems Smart cities Power system management Medical services Energy efficiency Routing protocols Sensors Sustainable development

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Towards Understanding the Critical Role of Human Behavior in Smart and Cognitive City Cybersecurity 16

Towards Understanding the Critical Role of Human Behavior in...

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16th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies Networks, ANT 2025 / 8th International Conference on Emerging Data and Industry 4.0, EDI40 2025

作者： Alraddadi, Rawan Alshayeb, Mohammad Mahmood, Sajjad Niazi, Mahmood Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems Dhahran Saudi Arabia

The rapid development of cognitive cities, driven by IoT and AI technologies, introduces unique cybersecurity challenges aggravated by human-centric vulnerabilities. The objective of this paper is to examine the role of human factors in the cybersecurity landscape of both smart and cognitive cities. Through a literature review, we investigate how human interactions with digital infrastructures impact security and privacy. We highlight the need to address human errors, social engineering attacks, and insider threats while distinguishing how differences in infrastructure, intelligence, and citizen roles between smart and cognitive cities shape the management of human-centric vulnerabilities. Our review of existing research on integrating human behavioral data into AI systems suggests significant threat detection and response improvements. The findings suggest that human-centric AI detection tools not only mitigate risks of human errors and latent failures but also significantly improve protection for vulnerable populations, thereby promoting stronger human-AI collaboration. Ultimately, this paper advocates for advancing these tools to bolster urban cybersecurity frameworks. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Detection, Retrieval, and Explanation Unified: A Violence Detection System Based on Knowledge Graphs and GAT

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jiang, Wen-Dong Chang, Chih-Yung Roy, Diptendu Sinha Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Shillong793003 India

Recently, violence detection systems developed using unified multimodal models have achieved significant success and attracted widespread attention. However, most of them typically suffer from two major issues: lack of interpretability as black-box models and limited functionality, providing only classification or retrieval capabilities. This paper proposes a novel interpretable violence detection system called the Three-in-One (TIO) System to address these challenges. The proposed TIO system integrates knowledge graphs (KG) and graph attention networks (GAT) to achieve three core functionalities: detection, retrieval, and explanation. Specifically, the system processes each video frame along with text descriptions generated by a large language model (LLM) for a given video containing potential violent behavior. It employs ImageBind to create high-dimensional embeddings for constructing a knowledge graph. Subsequently, the system uses GAT for reasoning, applies lite time series modules to extract video embedding features, and finally connects a classifier and retriever for multi-functional output. Leveraging the interpretability of KG, the system verifies the rationale behind each output during the reasoning process. In addition, this paper proposes several lightweight methods to reduce the resource consumption of the TIO system and improve its efficiency. Extensive experiments conducted on the XD-Violence and UCF-Crime datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed TIO system. Additionally, the case study reveals an intriguing phenomenon: as the number of bystanders increases, the occurrence of violent behavior tends to decrease. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Short Range Visible Light Communication: LED Based Applications 5th

Short Range Visible Light Communication: LED Based Applicati...

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5th EAI International Conference on Cognitive Computing and Cyber Physical Systems, IC4S 2024

作者： Mishra, Sumita Grover, Jyoti Gupta, Nishu Electronics and Communication Engineering Department Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus India Computer Science and Engineering Department Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur India VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031770746

Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems are capable of providing significantly higher data rates compared to traditional wireless technologies. Apart from high data rate, other advantages offered by VLC are license free spectrum, improved security, and no environmental radiation hazards. Light Emmiting Diode (LED) based VLC systems allow visible light to be used for indoor communications and high-precision positioning. But widespread deployment of VLC is limited due to several challenges such as layout modification to the current infrastructure, limited bandwidth of optical source, and the need to combat problems caused by ambient light and shadowing in VLC applications. This paper explores the current state of VLC and its various short range applications and presents an inclusive review on design challenges and their potential solutions. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2025.

关键词： Radiation hazards

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Small Multirotor Unmanned Aircraft Collision-Avoidance at Low Altitude with Remain Well Clear and Speed Control

Small Multirotor Unmanned Aircraft Collision-Avoidance at Lo...

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2025 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference, ICNS 2025

作者： Kastelein, Maarten Bartone, Chris De Haag, Maarten Uijt Ohio University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department AthensOH United States Technical University of Berlin Aeronautics and Astronautics Department Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534738

This paper investigates the performance of a prototype airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS) algorithm for multirotor small unmanned aircraft system (SUAS) platforms operating at low-level within the National Airspace System. As the number of these multirotor SUAS platforms operating at altitude of 200-400 feet increases, a robust collision avoidance system will be needed to avoid near midair collision (NMAC). A prototype ACAS algorithm was developed that builds upon the ACAS X framework and is tailored to take advantage of SUAS platform flight dynamics. This paper expands previous research by adding a remain well clear (RWC) requirement to a resolution advisory (RA) with variable dynamic maneuvers and speed control to avoid NMAC. The performance of this prototype ACAS algorithm was investigated through various simulations where the occurrence of NMAC was used as an evaluation metric. These simulation results show that NMAC can be reduced by including both RWC and RA requirements with dynamic maneuvers and variable speed control. These results may be used to support the definition of RWC and RA metric requirements, with dynamic profiles, and speed limits for multirotor SUAS, as well as support the definition of flight corridors in the unmanned aircraft system traffic management system. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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The Impact of the 2024 Total Solar Eclipse on the Power System Frequency of US Interconnections: A Case Study

The Impact of the 2024 Total Solar Eclipse on the Power Syst...

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2025 IEEE SoutheastCon, SoutheastCon 2025

作者： Dulal, Saurav Wen, Yan Liu, Yilu The University of Tennessee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504847

With the deployment of wide-area monitoring systems, power systems can be continuously monitored and analyzed, particularly during unusual events. Frequency fluctuations in the United States (US) interconnected power grid are influenced by various factors, including weather conditions and variability in solar power generation. This paper investigates the impact of the solar eclipse on April 8, 2024, on the frequency stability of the US power grid. Phasor measurement data from multiple interconnections are collected and analyzed. Methods of approximate frequency estimation for each interconnection are employed. The study involves comparing the frequency distribution, probability density, and variance on the eclipse day with those of non-eclipse days. The results provide insight into the grid's response to reduced solar generation and underscore the importance of predictive measures to maintain stability during solar eclipses and similar disruptions. The study shows that the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) experienced a dramatic increase in frequency fluctuations - 198% higher compared to periods without eclipse - highlighting the grid's vulnerability to reduced solar irradiance. Conversely, Eastern Interconnection (EI) demonstrated remarkable stability during the eclipse with minimal frequency fluctuations. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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