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2024 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Advanced Applications, ICISAA 2024

作者： Sur, Hritajit Mandal, Gourab Das, Koushik Nandia, Apurba Das, Avik Kumar Ghosh, Arijeet Institute of Engineering and Management University of Engineering and Management Cybersecurity & Blockchain Technology Department of Computer Science Engineering Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539948

Communication is an essential part of our daily lives, especially for deaf and dumb people who face difficulty in communicating with others. This paper introduces a method of using sign languages, i.e., to convert various hand gestures to appropriate text. The proposed method will help people with disabilities communicate or express their thoughts and opinions to others. By offering cutting-edge methods for sign character recognition, this neural network model aims to close the communication gap and enhance the quality of life for those it serves. In this work, a dataset of hand gestures is divided into training, validation, and testing sets to apply a convolutional neural network (CNN) that has been used to properly recognise the characters on the image. The CNN is further tested on random test data to obtain a reliable interpretation of the sign language we want. The uniqueness of this model lies in the fact that it makes use of mixed pooling operation and mish activation function which train the data more smoothly and in a strong, robust way, which overall improves the accuracy and precision in recognising sign characters. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Spark workflow task scheduling with deadline and privacy constraints in hybrid cloud networks

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Soft Computing 2025年第2期29卷 783-801页

作者： Rajput, Kamran Yaseen Xiaoping, Li Lakhan, Abdullah School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China School of Economics Innovations and Technology Kristiania University College Oslo Norway Department of Cybersecurity Dawood University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

The increasing adoption of hybrid clouds in organizations stems from their ability to bolster private cloud resources with additional public cloud capacity when required. However, scheduling distributed applications, such as workflow tasks, on hybrid cloud resources presents new and intricate challenges. A significant concern revolves around the potential exposure of private data and tasks within third-party, public cloud infrastructures, especially within sensitive domains like healthcare applications. The complexity escalates when considering the selection of resources from multiple cloud providers due to the fluctuating resource computation prices and data transmission costs. This paper presents the Spark Workflow Task Scheduling to Hybrid Cloud (SWSHC) framework, designed to schedule Spark workflows precisely while adhering to deadline and task privacy constraints within a hybrid cloud setting. Our innovative approach encompasses developing and implementing three pivotal components: deadline division, stage order optimization, and task scheduling mechanisms. We segregate the workflow deadline for each stage to bridge the gaps between stages effectively. Additionally, job prioritization is achieved using the maximum rank rule. The proposed solution considers diverse factors, including interval pricing variations, utilization of heterogeneous VM instances, intra- and inter-bandwidth considerations, and the efficient utilization of private cloud resources. Through meticulous calibration of our algorithm and comprehensive experimentation with various realistic workflows, our findings unequivocally demonstrate that SWSHC surpasses existing solutions in the current literature the cost by up to 40–70% in terms of cost efficiency and resource utilization. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Redundant Transmission Control Algorithm for Information-Centric Vehicular IoT Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 2217-2234页

作者： Abdur Rashid Sangi Satish Anamalamudi Mohammed SAlkatheiri Murali Krishna Enduri Anil Carie Mohammed AAlqarni Department of Computer Science College of Science and TechnologyWenzhou-Kean UniversityWenzhou325060China Department of Computer Science Engineering SRM University APAmaravati522502India Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science&EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science&EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

Vehicular Adhoc Networks(VANETs)enable vehicles to act as mobile nodes that can fetch,share,and disseminate information about vehicle safety,emergency events,warning messages,and passenger ***,the continuous dissemination of information fromvehicles and their one-hop neighbor nodes,Road Side Units(RSUs),and VANET infrastructures can lead to performance degradation of VANETs in the existing hostcentric IP-based ***,Information Centric Networks(ICN)are being explored as an alternative architecture for vehicular communication to achieve robust content distribution in highly mobile,dynamic,and errorprone *** ICN-based Vehicular-IoT networks,consumer mobility is implicitly supported,but producer mobility may result in redundant data transmission and caching inefficiency at intermediate vehicular *** paper proposes an efficient redundant transmission control algorithm based on network coding to reduce data redundancy and accelerate the efficiency of information *** proposed protocol,called Network Cording Multiple Solutions Scheduling(NCMSS),is receiver-driven collaborative scheduling between requesters and information sources that uses a global parameter expectation deadline to effectively manage the transmission of encoded data packets and control the selection of information *** results for the proposed NCMSS protocol is demonstrated to analyze the performance of ICN-vehicular-IoT networks in terms of caching,data retrieval delay,and end-to-end application *** end-to-end throughput in proposed NCMSS is 22%higher(for 1024 byte data)than existing solutions whereas delay in NCMSS is reduced by 5%in comparison with existing solutions.

关键词： Caching data dissemination redundancy control ICN-vehicular IoT networks

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Application of Physical Unclonable Function for Lightweight Authentication in Internet of Things

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1901-1918页

作者： Ahmad O.Aseeri Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary Mohammed Saeed Alkatheiri Mohammed A.Alqarni Yu Zhuang Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Texas Tech UniversityLubbockUSA

IoT devices rely on authentication mechanisms to render secure message *** data transmission,scalability,data integrity,and processing time have been considered challenging aspects for a system constituted by IoT *** application of physical unclonable functions(PUFs)ensures secure data transmission among the internet of things(IoT)devices in a simplified network with an efficient time-stamped *** paper proposes a secure,lightweight,cost-efficient reinforcement machine learning framework(SLCR-MLF)to achieve decentralization and security,thus enabling scalability,data integrity,and optimized processing time in IoT *** has been integrated into SLCR-MLF to improve the security of the cluster head node in the IoT platform during transmission by providing the authentication service for device-to-device *** IoT network gathers information of interest from multiple cluster members selected by the proposed *** addition,the software-defined secured(SDS)technique is integrated with SLCR-MLF to improve data integrity and optimize processing time in the IoT *** analysis shows that the proposed framework outperforms conventional methods regarding the network’s lifetime,energy,secured data retrieval rate,and performance *** enabling the proposed framework,number of residual nodes is reduced to 16%,energy consumption is reduced by up to 50%,almost 30%improvement in data retrieval rate,and network lifetime is improved by up to 1000 msec.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems security data aggregation Internet of Things physical unclonable function swarm intelligences

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Analyzing and Responding to the Spread of COVID-19 4

Analyzing and Responding to the Spread of COVID-19

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4th IEEE International Conference on Smart Information Systems and Technologies, SIST 2024

作者： Meiramkhanov, Temirlan Bogdan, Savitskiy Yerbol, Irgaliyev Department of Intelligence Systems and Cybersecurity Astana IT University Astana Kazakhstan Department of Computer Engineering Astana IT University Astana Kazakhstan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374865

Our study delves into the intricate relationship between socio-economic factors and the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through comprehensive data analysis and visualization techniques, we scrutinize the disparities in case distribution and uncover trends across diverse economic backgrounds. Utilizing data from various countries, we present compelling evidence of the significant impact of economic status on pandemic outcomes. Notably, our findings reveal a strong correlation between economic indicators, such as GDP per capita, and infection rates, highlighting the critical role of economic resilience in managing public health crises. Furthermore, predictive modeling based on economic variables demonstrates promising capabilities in forecasting pandemic trajectories. We showcase the effectiveness of such models in anticipating COVID-19 trends, emphasizing the importance of integrating economic insights into public health strategies. Additionally, our analysis identifies regional patterns and correlations, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions and policy formulation. Through our research, we underscore the importance of data-driven approaches and the intersection of socio-economic factors in understanding and responding to global health crises. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Modeling Hybrid Feature-Based Phishing Websites Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques

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Annals of Data Science 2024年第1期11卷 217-242页

作者： Das Guptta, Sumitra Shahriar, Khandaker Tayef Alqahtani, Hamed Alsalman, Dheyaaldin Sarker, Iqbal H. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering & ampTechnology Chittagong4349 Bangladesh Unit of Cybersecurity Department of Computer Science Center of Artificial Intelligence King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia School of Engineering Computing and Informatics Dar Al-Hekma University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we mainly present a machine learning based approach to detect real-time phishing websites by taking into account URL and hyperlink based hybrid features to achieve high accuracy without relying on any third-party systems. In phishing, the attackers typically try to deceive internet users by masking a webpage as an official genuine webpage to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, social security numbers, credit card information, etc. Anti-phishing solutions like blacklist or whitelist, heuristic, and visual similarity based methods cannot detect zero-hour phishing attacks or brand-new websites. Moreover, earlier approaches are complex and unsuitable for real-time environments due to the dependency on third-party sources, such as a search engine. Hence, detecting recently developed phishing websites in a real-time environment is a great challenge in the domain of cybersecurity. To overcome these problems, this paper proposes a hybrid feature based anti-phishing strategy that extracts features from URL and hyperlink information of client-side only. We also develop a new dataset for the purpose of conducting experiments using popular machine learning classification techniques. Our experimental result shows that the proposed phishing detection approach is more effective having higher detection accuracy of 99.17% with the XG Boost technique than traditional approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.

关键词： Search engines

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Topological Evaluation of Certain computer Networks by Contraharmonic-Quadratic Indices

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3795-3810页

作者： Ahmed M.Alghamdi Khalid Hamid Muhammad Waseem Iqbal M.Usman Ashraf Abdullah Alshahrani Adel Alshamrani Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women UniversitySialkot53310Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and Engineering at University of JeddahJeddah21493Saudi Arabia

In various fields,different networks are used,most of the time not of a single kind;but rather a mix of at least two *** kinds of networks are called bridge networks which are utilized in interconnection networks of PC,portable networks,spine of internet,networks engaged with advanced mechanics,power generation interconnection,bio-informatics and substance intensify *** number that can be entirely calculated by a graph is called graph *** mathematical graph invariants have been portrayed and utilized for connection investigation during the latest twenty ***,no trustworthy evaluation has been embraced to pick,how much these invariants are associated with a network graph or subatomic *** this paper,it will discuss three unmistakable varieties of bridge networks with an incredible capacity of assumption in the field of computer science,chemistry,physics,drug industry,informatics and arithmetic in setting with physical and manufactured developments and networks,since Contraharmonic-quadratic invariants(CQIs)are recently presented and have different figure qualities for different varieties of bridge graphs or *** study settled the geography of bridge graphs/networks of three novel sorts with two kinds of CQI and Quadratic-Contraharmonic Indices(QCIs).The deduced results can be used for the modeling of the above-mentioned networks.

关键词： Bridge networks invariants Quadratic-Contraharmonic Indices maple network graph molecular graph

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Privacy practices of popular websites in Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for engineering and Architecture 2025年第1期16卷 19-29页

作者： Alhazmi, Ahmed Daghistani, Anas Department of Cybersecurity Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Network Engineering Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

Preserving users’ privacy while exploring the Internet is a continuous challenge. Regulations such as GDPR, CCPA, and PDPL have been introduced to counter privacy-invasive trends. This paper introduces a framework for inspecting the state of popular websites in preserving the privacy of their visitors. The framework can be used to analyze websites in both Arabic and English languages. We use it to report the current state of popular websites in Saudi Arabia. We examined the state of these websites three months before the official enforcement of the Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL). Therefore, the paper shows the degree of alignment for popular websites in Saudi Arabia with PDPL. We analyze 723 websites and explore their utilization of cookies. We examined whether these websites inform their visitors of cookie usage and obtain visitors’ consent. We assess whether these websites detail their privacy policies to their visitors. Our results demonstrated that approximately 85% of websites that use cookies don’t display cookie banners or policies to their visitors, potentially depriving users from their PDPL-specified rights such as being informed of data collection. Our analysis shows that 39% of the scanned websites do not follow the PDPL requirement of providing privacy policies, precluding users from knowing how their collected data will be handled and how they can exercise their rights under PDPL. In summary, our analysis highlights alarming practices that can potentially violate PDPL requirements. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Cookie OpenWPM PDPL Privacy

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Predicting Student Behavior Using a Neutrosophic Deep Learning Model

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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 2025年 76卷 288-310页

作者： Shitaya, Ahmed Mohamed Wahed, Mohamed El Syed Abd El Khalek, Saied Helemy Ismail, Amr Shams, Mahmoud Y. Salama, A.A. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Port Said University Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of computer and information sciences Suez Canal University Egypt Department. of Communication and Computer Engineering Air Defense University Egypt Department of Cybersecurity College of Engineering and Information Technology Buraydah Private Colleges Buraydah51418 Saudi Arabia Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt

We developed an information system using an object-oriented programming language and a distributed database (DDB) consisting of multiple interconnected databases across a computer network, managed by a distributed database management system (DDBMS) for easy access. An intelligent system was designed to assess the difficulty level of preliminary exams and select top-performing advanced students using a Neutrosophic Deep Learning Model. The dataset was randomly split into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets, and the model, trained with the Adam optimizer at a 0.001 learning rate over 50 epochs, incorporated early stopping based on validation loss. This system, implemented at a traditional Egyptian university, achieved a 95% accuracy in predicting student dropout. Student behavior, influenced by personal, environmental, and academic factors, is often evaluated subjectively, leading to inconsistent results. Traditional machine learning approaches struggle with the inherent uncertainty in behavioral data. To address this, we combined neutrosophic theory—a mathematical framework that accounts for truth, falsity, and indeterminacy—with deep learning, which excels at learning complex data relationships, to predict student outcomes such as dropout rates. Evaluating the model on student data, including attendance and grades, showed superior accuracy, achieving a determination coefficient of 0.95, demonstrating the approach's potential for identifying at-risk students and enabling targeted interventions. © 2025, University of New Mexico. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Leveraging power consumption for anomaly detection on IoT devices in smart homes

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第10期14卷 14045-14056页

作者： Nimmy, K. Dilraj, M. Sankaran, Sriram Achuthan, Krishnashree Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amritapuri India Center for Cybersecurity Systems and Networks Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amritapuri India

Anomaly detection in smart homes is paramount in the prevailing information age as smart devices remain susceptible to sophisticated cyber-attacks. Hackers exploit vulnerabilities such as weak passwords and insecure, unencrypted data transfer to launch Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Sensible deployment of conventional security measures is jeopardized by the heterogeneity and resource constraints of smart devices. This article presents a novel approach that leverages the power consumption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices to detect anomalous behavior in smart home environments. We prototype a smart camera using Raspberry Pi and gather power traces for normal activity. Furthermore, we model DDoS attacks on the experimental setup and generate attack traces of power consumption. Besides, we compare the performances of several machine learning models for accurate prediction of the presence of anomalies. A deep feed-forward neural network model achieves an accuracy of 99.2% compared to other models. Empirical evaluations of the proposed concept affirm that power consumption is a promising parameter in detecting anomalies in smart homes. The proposed method is suitable for smart homes as it does not impose additional overhead on resource-constrained IoT devices. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Internet of things

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