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arXiv 2023年

作者： Buleje, Italo Siu, Vince S. Hsieh, Kuan Yu Hinds, Nigel Dang, Bing Bilal, Erhan Nguyen, Thanhnha Lee, Ellen E. Depp, Colin A. Rogers, Jeffrey L. Digital Health IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY United States Emerging Technology Engineering IBM T.J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Psychiatry University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States USA IBM-UCSD Artificial Intelligence for Healthy Living Center La Jolla CA United States Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System San DiegoCA United States

This paper presents a data-centric and security-focused data fabric designed for digital health applications. With the increasing interest in digital health research, there has been a surge in the volume of Internet of Things (IoT) data derived from smartphones, wearables, and ambient sensors. Managing this vast amount of data, encompassing diverse data types and varying time scales, is crucial. Moreover, compliance with regulatory and contractual obligations is essential. The proposed data fabric comprises an architecture and a toolkit that facilitate the integration of heterogeneous data sources, across different environments, to provide a unified view of the data in dashboards. Furthermore, the data fabric supports the development of reusable and configurable data integration components, which can be shared as open-source or inner-source software. These components are used to generate data pipelines that can be deployed and scheduled to run either in the cloud or on-premises. Additionally, we present the implementation of our data fabric in a home-based telemonitoring research project involving older adults, conducted in collaboration with the University of California, San Diego (UCSD). The study showcases the streamlined integration of data collected from various IoT sensors and mobile applications to create a unified view of older adults' health for further analysis and research. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Internet of things

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A dual rail circuits synthesis environment for the implementation of multiple output boolean functions

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International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 1999年第4期26卷

作者： Theodore Karoubalis George Ph. Alexiou Nick Kanopoulos Computer Technology Institute 26221 Patras & Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras 26500 Patras Greece Center for Digital System Engineering Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC 27709 U.S.A.

This paper presents an integrated CAD system for synthesizing high-performance dual rail circuits using DCVS logic. The proposed techniques exploit ROBDDs to provide efficient DCVS trees that fulfill the design rules and constraints. Sharing of common transistor structures is examined to decrease further the overall device count and chip area by improving the wirability of DCVS circuits. This is accomplished by generating a common variable ordering that permits identification of common subcircuits and simplification of routing procedures by enhancing straight-line wiring of input signals. The paper also presents the integration steps that are undertaken for importing the developed tools into Alliance CAD system, in order to provide a complete and consistent DCVS circuits synthesis environment and methodology. Moreover, experimental results showed that the proposed algorithms, which are time and memory efficient, produce near optimal device counts improving placement and routing procedures. The integrated design framework, which is available for academic and research purposes, has been employed to synthesize, simulate and layout a programmable 16-bit serial/parallel multiplier as a complete DCVS circuit synthesis example. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A Solution to Shape Optimization Problems for the Rigidity Design of Plate and Shell Structures

A Solution to Shape Optimization Problems for the Rigidity D...

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The Sixth World Congress on Computational Mechanics in Conjunction with the Second Asian-Pacific Congress on Computational MechanicsⅠ

作者： Masatoshi Shimoda Jiro Tsuji Yasuhiro Kanda Hisayuki Ishizu Hideyuki Azegami Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Shonan Institute of Technology 1-1-25 Tsujido-nishikaigan Fujisawa 251-8511 Japan Development Planning Department Mitsubishi Automotive Engineering Co. Ltd. 1 Nakashinkiri Hashime-cho Okazaki -444-8501 Japan Okazakilst System Department MMC Computer Research Ltd. 1 Nakashinkiri Hashime-cho Okazaki 444-8501 Japan Digital Technology Dept. Mitsubishi Motors Corp. Hashime-cho Okazaki 444-8501 Japan Dept. of Complex Systems Science Nagoya University Chigusa-ku Nagoya 464-8601 Japan

Plate and shell structures are widelyused in industrial products and structures such as automotives, vessels and architectures for its good formability and lightweight property. This paper presents a numerical shape optimization method for the rigidity design of plate and shell structures. A solution to a compliance minimization problem subject to a volume constraint is proposed, and its reciprocal problem is also solved. The boundaries are assumed to be movable in the in -plane directions so as to keep the initial curvatures in the design domain. For simplicity, the structures to be optimized are discretized by plane elements based on the Mindlin-Reissner plate theory. The problems are formulated as non-parametric, or distributed shape optimization problems involving the design of free boundaries. The shape gradient functions are theoretically derived using the material derivative method and the Lagrange multiplier method. With the shape gradient function, the smooth domain variation that minimizes the objective functional is de termined by the traction method developed by the authors. The validity and practical utility of this numerical solution for the rigidity design of plate and shell structures are verified through simple examples and applications to automotive components.

关键词： Shell A Solution to Shape Optimization Problems for the Rigidity Design of Plate and Shell Structures Shape

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Garbage collection and wear leveling for flash memory: Past and future

Garbage collection and wear leveling for flash memory: Past ...

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International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP)

作者： Ming-Chang Yang Yu-Ming Chang Che-Wei Tsao Po-Chun Huang Yuan-Hao Chang Tei-Wei Kuo Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan R.O.C. Macronix International Co. Ltd. Emerging System Lab. Hsinchu Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan R.O.C. Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan R.O.C.

ISBN: (纸本)9781479957125

Recently, storage systems have observed a great leap in performance, reliability, endurance, and cost, due to the advance in non-volatile memory technologies, such as NAND flash memory. However, although delivering better performance, shock resistance, and energy efficiency than mechanical hard disks, NAND flash memory comes with unique characteristics and operational constraints, and cannot be directly used as an ideal block device. In particular, to address the notorious write-once property, garbage collection is necessary to clean the outdated data on flash memory. However, garbage collection is very time-consuming and often becomes the performance bottleneck of flash memory. Moreover, because flash memory cells endure very limited writes (as compared to mechanical hard disks) before they are worn out, the wear-leveling design is also indispensable to equalize the use of flash memory space and to prolong the flash memory lifetime. In response, this paper surveys state-of-the-art garbage collection and wear-leveling designs, so as to assist the design of flash memory management in various application scenarios. The future development trends of flash memory, such as the widespread adoption of higher-level flash memory and the emerging of three-dimensional (3D) flash memory architectures, are also discussed.

关键词： Ash Memory management Performance evaluation Reliability Resource management Dynamic scheduling Organizations

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Enhancing Pulmonary Nodule Classification performance with TriCaps-RL: A Capsule Network Reinforcement Learning Approach

Journal of Network Intelligence

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Journal of Network Intelligence 2024年第3期9卷 1441-1459页

作者： Zheng, Guang-Yuan Zhang, Fu-Quan Cheng, Chen Shan, Hong-Tao Soomro, Nouman Qadeer Liu, Yi College of Information Technology Shanghai Jian Qiao University Shanghai201306 China School of Mathematics and Computer Science Yanan University Shaanxi 716000 China School of Computer and Data Science Minjiang University No.200 Xiyuangong Road Fuzhou University Town Fuzhou350108 China Digital Media Art Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Conservatory of Music Chengdu610021 China Fuzhou Technology Innovation Center of intelligent Manufacturing information System Minjiang University Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Province University Fuzhou350300 China College of Business Shanghai Jian Qiao University Shanghai201306 China College of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China Software Department Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Sindh 76062 Pakistan

Distinguishing the manifestations of pulmonary nodules poses a significant challenge in the medical field, demanding the expertise of experienced radiologists. This complexity results in the high cost and inadequacy of sample labeling. In response, this study introduces a reinforcement learning approach, denoted as TriCaps-RL, for the classification of pulmonary nodules based on CT signs. This approach initially employs the Q-value loss to train a single CapsNet. When the performance of the CapsNet plateaus and further enhancement becomes challenging, the loss function is progressively replaced by a triplet metric to augment performance. Consequently, a more nuanced differentiation among various types of pulmonary nodules is achieved. The proposed method can improve its performance through interactions with radiologists during their CT image reading process, thereby mitigating the shortage of radiologists and addressing the time-consuming issue of training sample labeling in medical image research. This paper delves into the fine-grained classification of pulmonary nodules using deep reinforcement learning based on CT imaging signs. In comparison to previous studies that primarily concentrate on the benign/malignant classification of lung nodules, this fine-grained classification of nodules founded on CT imaging signs proves to be more valuable for medical practitioners in making accurate diagnostic decisions. © 2024, Taiwan Ubiquitous Information CO LTD. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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PollenNet: A novel architecture for high precision pollen grain classification through deep learning and explainable AI

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Heliyon 2024年第19期10卷 e38596页

作者： Shamrat, F M Javed Mehedi Idna Idris, Mohd Yamani Zhou, Xujuan Khalid, Majdi Sharmin, Sharmin Sharmin, Zeseya Ahmed, Kawsar Moni, Mohammad Ali Department of Computer System and Technology Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia School of Business University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Australia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia School of Information Technology Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment Deakin University Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan 57 Campus Drive Saskatoon S7N 5A9 SK Canada Group of Bio-photomatiχ Information and Communication Technology Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Santosh Tangail 1902 Bangladesh Health Informatics Research Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City (DSC) Birulia Savar Dhaka 1216 Bangladesh AI & Digital Health Technology Artificial Intelligence & Cyber Future Institute Charles Stuart University Bathurst 2795 NSW Australia AI & Digital Health Technology Rural Health Research Institute Charles Stuart University Orange 2800 NSW Australia

Pollen grains play a critical role in environmental, agricultural, and allergy research despite their tiny dimensions. The accurate classification of pollen grains remains a significant challenge, mainly attributable to their intricate structures and the extensive diversity of species. Traditional methods often lack accuracy and effectiveness, prompting the need for advanced solutions. This study introduces a novel deep learning framework, PollenNet, designed to tackle the intricate challenge of pollen grain image classification. The efficiency of PollenNet is thoroughly evaluated through stratified 5-fold cross-validation, comparing it with cutting-edge methods to demonstrate its superior performance. A comprehensive data preparation phase is conducted, including removing duplicates and low-quality images, applying Non-local Means Denoising for noise reduction, and Gamma correction to adjust image brightness. Furthermore, Explainable AI (XAI) is utilized to enhance the interpretability of the model, while Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis serves as a quantitative method for evaluating the model's capabilities. PollenNet demonstrates superior performance when compared to existing models, with an accuracy of 98.45 %, precision of 98.20 %, specificity of 98.40 %, recall of 98.30 %, and f1-score of 98.25 %. The model also maintains low Mean Squared Error (0.03) and Mean Absolute Error (0.02) rates. The ROC curve analysis, the low False Positive Rate (0.016), and the False Negative Rate (0.017) highlight the reliability and dependability of the model. This study significantly improves the efficacy of classifying pollen grains, indicating an important advancement in the application of deep learning for ecological research. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Deep learning Explainable AI Image processing Pollen grain classification PollenNet model

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Surrogate-Model-Based Sequential Algorithm for Weather-Dependent Probabilistic Power Flow With High Calculation Efficiency

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Haochen Lin, Xingyu Peng, Sui Tang, Junjie Ponci, Ferdinanda Monti, Antonello Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of California Los Angeles90095 United States State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Grid Planning and Research Center Guangdong Power Grid Corporation CSG Guangzhou510080 China Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems E.ON Energy Research Center RWTH Aachen University Aachen52074 Germany Digital Energy Fraunhofer FIT Aachen52072 Germany

Recently, a novel power flow model called weather dependent power flow (WDPF) has been proposed to incorporate conductor temperatures in power flow calculation. It is promising to adopt WDPF model in probabilistic analysis since it provides more accurate electrical and thermal states of a power system. However, calculation of the WDPF model is more computationally expensive than that of conventional power flow model, and hence repetitive calculation of the WDPF in probabilistic analysis is quite time-consuming. To overcome this challenge, a surrogate-model-based sequential algorithm is proposed for calculation of the WDPF model with high computational efficiency and good accuracy. Compared to the method that directly learns the whole WDPF model, the proposed method only learns the power flow sub-model whereas applies a linearization method to solve the thermal resistance sub-model. The construction of the proposed method considers the learning difficulty of the sub-model and the whole WDPF model, thus ensuring the high calculation accuracy. This study is the first to conduct a probabilistic power flow analysis based on the WDPF model. Numerical results in the IEEE 30-bus, 57-bus, and 118-bus systems demonstrate the importance of adopting the WDPF model in probabilistic analysis and the efficacy of the proposed method. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Linearization

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Rate Splitting Multiple Access for RIS-aided URLLC MIMO Broadcast Channels

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Soleymani, Mohammad Santamaria, Ignacio Jorswieck, Eduard Di Renzo, Marco Schober, Robert Hanzo, Lajos The Signal and System Theory Group Universität Paderborn Paderborn33098 Germany The Department of Communications Engineering Universidad de Cantabria Santander39005 Spain The Institute for Communications Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Braunschweig38106 Germany Université Paris-Saclay CNRS CentraleSupélec Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes Gif-sur-Yvette91192 France The Institute for Digital Communications Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen91058 Germany The Department of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

The performance of modern wireless communication systems is typically limited by interference. The impact of interference can be even more severe in ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) use cases. A powerful tool for managing interference is rate splitting multiple access (RSMA), which encompasses many multiple-access technologies like non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), spatial division multiple access (SDMA), and broadcasting. Another effective technology to enhance the performance of URLLC systems and mitigate interference is constituted by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). This paper develops RSMA schemes for multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) RIS-aided broadcast channels (BCs) based on finite block length (FBL) coding. We show that RSMA and RISs can substantially improve the spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) of MIMO RIS-aided URLLC systems. Additionally, the gain of employing RSMA and RISs noticeably increases when the reliability and latency constraints are more stringent. Furthermore, RISs impact RSMA differently, depending on the user load. If the system is underloaded, RISs are able to manage the interference sufficiently well, making the gains of RSMA small. However, when the user load is high, RISs and RSMA become synergetic. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Space division multiple access

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Global assessment of terrestrial productivity in response to water stress

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2352-2356页

作者： Qi Liu Huadong Guo Jiahua Zhang Shijie Li Ji Li Fengmei Yao Miguel D.Mahecha Jian Peng School of Computer Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Department of Remote Sensing Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZLeipzig 04318Germany Remote Sensing Centre for Earth System Research Leipzig UniversityLeipzig 04103Germany Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Center School of Computer Science and TechnologyQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province Hainan Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig 04103Germany

In recent decades, climate warming has led to an increase in atmospheric water demand, a potential reduction in soil moisture and a rise in the frequency and intensity of droughts. This has intensified the effects of water stress on plants, leading to more vegetated areas experiencing water stress [1,2]. Soil moisture (SM)and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) are considered the two main factors that exert water stress on vegetation activity and terrestrial productivity, thereby affecting the global carbon cycle [3].

关键词： soil moisture terrestrial

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THE SHINPADS SERIAL DATA BUS

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Naval Engineers Journal 1979年第2期91卷 164-172页

作者： KUHNS, RICHARD C. The Author received his BS degree in Electrical Engineering from the South Dakota State University in June 1960. He joined SPERRY UNIVAC Defense Systems Division in June 1960 where he is now Manager of the Surface Combat Systems Group in the Navy Systems Engineering Department. He is currently active in the development of Navy Command and Control Systems. He has been active in the field of Navy systems computer digital communications analysis and design and was responsible for the system design of the NTDS Serial Interface specified in Military Standard MIL-STD-1397.

The Shipboard Integrated Processing And Display system (SHINPADS) Serial Data Bus is a high speed digital interconnect system designed to provide a real time data bus communication facility for Naval Electronic systems. The Serial Data Bus (SDB) can be used to interconnect devices currently using Military Standard MIL‐STD‐1397 Input/Output Interfaces and it has been designed to suit the needs of Naval Combat systems. The SHINPADS Serial Data Bus was specified with an eye to the future. A large growth margin was designed into the system, while minimizing costs, by properly distributing functions between software, firmware, and hardware. The Serial Data Bus protocol enables future evolution to Fiber Optic Transmission without impacting system software. The Serial Data Bus provides the potential for accomplishing many of the features attributed to Distributed Processing systems. However, the accomplishment of Distributed Processing improvements can only occur through proper and enlightened system design. © 1979 American Society of Naval Engineers

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